1. Reviewed By- Dr Vijay Agarwal Dr Chander Mohan Bhagat Dr Lallu Joseph
STANDARD PRECAUTIONS (Presented By : Ms Samatha Vadrevu, Ms Pooja Ajith, Ms Jayasree Sukumaran, Dr Renu Chauhan, Dr BL Jain, Dr G.Subramanian
Reviewed By-
Dr Vijay Agarwal
Dr Chander Mohan Bhagat
Dr Lallu Joseph

2. PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Standard Precautions in the Hospital includes:
Hand Hygiene
Respiratory Hygiene and cough etiquette
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Prevention of Needle stick injuries from other sharp instruments
Environment Cleaning
Linens
Waste Disposals
Patient care equipment

3. Hand Hygiene: Hands are the most common vehicle of
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Hand Hygiene:
Hands are the most common vehicle of
transmission of organisms
“HAND HYGIENE” has been recognized as the single most important way to prevent the transmission of infectious agents

4. Before: After: Specific Indications for Hand Hygiene Patient contact
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Specific Indications for Hand Hygiene
Before:
Patient contact
Donning gloves when inserting a CVC
Inserting urinary catheters, peripheral vascular catheters, or other invasive devices that don’t require surgery
After:
Contact with a patient’s skin
Contact with body fluids or excretions, non-intact skin, wound dressings

5. PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS

6. BACTERIA ARE EVERYWHERE
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
BACTERIA ARE EVERYWHERE

7. Respiratory Hygiene and cough etiquette
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Respiratory Hygiene and cough etiquette
Anyone with signs and symptoms of a respiratory infection, regardless of the cause, should follow or be instructed to follow respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette as follows:
Cover the nose/mouth with disposable single-use tissues when coughing, sneezing, wiping and blowing noses
Use tissues to contain respiratory secretions
Dispose of tissues in the nearest waste receptacle or bin after use
If no tissues are available, cough or sneeze into the inner elbow rather than the hand
Practice hand hygiene after contact with respiratory secretions and contaminated objects/materials
Keep contaminated hands away from the mucous membranes of the eyes and nose

8. Use carefully – don’t spread contamination
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Key Points About PPE:
Don before contact with the patient, generally before entering the room
Use carefully – don’t spread contamination
Remove and discard carefully, either at the doorway or immediately outside patient room; remove respirator outside room
Immediately perform hand hygiene

9. Select appropriate type and size Opening is in the back
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Sequence* for Donning PPE
Gown first
Mask or respirator
Goggles or face shield
Gloves
How to Don a Gown
Select appropriate type and size
Opening is in the back
Secure at neck and waist
If gown is too small, use two gowns
Gown #1 ties in front
Gown #2 ties in back

10. Place over nose, mouth and chin Fit flexible nose piece over nose
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
How to Don a Mask
Place over nose, mouth and chin
Fit flexible nose piece over nose
bridge
Secure on head with ties or elastic
Adjust to fit

11. Position face shield over face and secure on brow with headband
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
How to Don Eye and Face Protection
Position goggles over eyes and secure to the head using the ear pieces or headband
Position face shield over face and secure on brow with headband
Adjust to fit comfortably

12. Select correct type and size Insert hands into gloves
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
How to Don Gloves
Don gloves last
Select correct type and size
Insert hands into gloves
Extend gloves over isolation gown cuffs

13. Prevention of Needle stick injuries from other sharp instruments
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Prevention of Needle stick injuries from other sharp instruments
Preventing Sharps Injuries is Our Goal!
Because of the high burden of sharps injuries, our goal is to prevent – and ideally eliminate – sharps injuries.
How Do Sharps Injuries Happen?
Who gets injured?
Where do they happen?
When do injuries occur?
What devices are involved?
How can they be prevented?

14. PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Who gets Injured?

15. What are Strategies to Eliminate Sharps Injuries?
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
What are Strategies to Eliminate Sharps Injuries?
Eliminate or reduce the use of needles and other sharps
Use devices with safety features to isolate sharps
Use safer practices to minimize risk for remaining hazards

16. Handle, transport, and process used linen in a manner which:
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Environment Cleaning
Usage of adequate procedures for the routine cleaning and disinfection of environmental and other frequently touched surfaces
Linens
Handle, transport, and process used linen in a manner which:
Prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing.
Avoids transfer of pathogens to other patients and or the environment. 

17. Waste disposal Ensure safe waste management.
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Waste disposal
Ensure safe waste management.
Treat waste contaminated with blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions as clinical waste, in accordance with local regulations.
Human tissues and laboratory waste that is directly associated with specimen processing should also be treated as clinical waste.
Discard single use consumables properly.

18. Patient care equipment
PRESENTATION ON STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Patient care equipment
Handle equipment soiled with blood, body fluids, secretions, and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures, contamination of clothing, and transfer of pathogens to other patients or the environment.
Clean, disinfect, and reprocess reusable equipment appropriately before use with another patient.

19. THANK YOU