2. CLAUSES REVIEW
CLAUSE: a group of words with its own subject and verb.
Two basic types of clauses:
Independent Clause
has a subject and a verb and can stand by itself as a complete sentence
Subordinate/Dependent Clause
Has a subject and verb but cannot stand by itself as a complete sentence.

3. After Tyler called his friend
Label each group of words as an independent clause or a subordinate/dependent clause.
After Tyler called his friend
Subordinate/dependent

4. He met him at the park
INDEPENDENT

5. The dog barked
INDEPENDENT

6. When the mailman arrived
SUBORDINATE/DEPENDENT

7. WHY DO I CARE?
A common weakness in writing is the lack of varied sentences.
Becoming aware of three general types of sentences--simple, compound, and complex--can help you vary the sentences in your writing.

8. SIMPLE SENTENCE
A simple sentence has the most basic elements that make it a sentence - complete subject and predicate
Is also be referred to as an independent clause.

9. SIMPLE SENTENCE Joe waited for the train.
Examples of simple sentences include the following:
Joe waited for the train. 
The train was late.
Mary and Samantha took the bus.

10. SIMPLE SENTENCE
NOTE:
Simple sentences often are short and the use of too many simple sentences can make writing "choppy" and can prevent the writing from flowing smoothly.  

11. COMPOUND SENTENCE
A compound sentence refers to a sentence made up of two independent clauses (or complete sentences) connected to one another with a coordinating conjunction.

12. COMPOUND SENTENCE
Coordinating conjunctions are easy to remember if you think of the words "FAN BOYS":
For
And
Nor
But Or
Yet So

13. COMPOUND SENTENCE Examples of compound sentences include:
Joe waited for the train, but the train was late.
Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station before noon, and they left on the bus before I arrived.
Mary and Samantha left on the bus before I arrived, so I did not see them at the bus station.

14. COMPOUND SENTENCE NOTE:
Coordinating conjunctions are useful for connecting sentences, but compound sentences often are overused.
Too many compound sentences that use "and" can weaken writing.

15. COMPLEX SENTENCE
A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and one or more dependent/subordinate clauses connected to it.

16. COMPLEX SENTENCE
Dependent clauses begin with subordinating conjunctions.
Some of the most common subordinating conjunctions:
After
Unless
because
Before
Where as
since
Though As
when
whenever If
while
although
Until
Even though
wherever

17. COMPLEX SENTENCE
A complex sentence joins an independent clause with one or more dependent clauses.
The dependent clauses can go first in the sentence, followed by the independent clause, as in the following:
Because Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station before noon, I did not see them at the station.
While he waited at the train station, Joe realized that the train was late.
After they left on the bus, Mary and Samantha realized that Joe was waiting at the train station.

18. COMPLEX SENTENCE
Conversely, the independent clauses can go first in the sentence, followed by the dependent clause, as in the following:
I did not see them at the station because Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station before noon.
Joe realized that the train was late while he waited at the train station.
Mary and Samantha realized that Joe was waiting at the train station after they left on the bus.

19. I’m going to bed, because I’m tired.
PRACTICE
Read the following sentences and indicate whether each is simple, compound or complex.
Example –
I’m going to bed, because I’m tired.
complex

20. We rang the doorbell, but no one answered it.
compound

21. I wrote a letter to Jane while she was away at camp.
complex

22. Have you seen Mr. Nelson’s garden at the back of his house?
simple

23. When Miss Jones entered the room, we all became quiet.
complex

24. Susan likes chemistry, but she likes physics better.
compound

25. Since we’ve lost every game but one, no one is excited about football this year.
complex

26. When I’m tired, I’m not good company for anyone.
complex

27. Wandering aimlessly up the path, Mr. Cutter approached the house.
simple

28. Susan sang a solo and accompanied herself on the boat.
simple

29. When the rain began, we were playing tennis.
complex

30. When Uncle Jack comes to town, we have a good time.
complex

31. I worked all morning, and then I relaxed in the afternoon.
compound

32. Beth likes all the seasons of the year, but she likes fall best.
compound

33. On our trip we drove every afternoon until 5 o’clock.
simple

34. Dave began to feel better before the doctor arrived.
complex

35. Whistling loudly, Ken walked past the cemetery.
simple

36. If you want your really clean, let George wash it.
complex

37. I must stay home until the man comes to repair the washing machine.
complex

38. Our neighbors are going to Canada on their vacation, but we will take our vacation at home.
compound

39. After Tyler called his friend
Label each group of words as an independent clause or a subordinate/dependent clause.
After Tyler called his friend
Subordinate/dependent

40. He met him at the park
independent

41. The dog barked
independent

42. When the mailman arrived
Subordinate/dependent