2. YOGA - a scientific appraisal
THERAPEUTIC
APPLICATIONS OF
YOGA - a scientific appraisal
Dr. R Nagarathna MD, FRCP(Edin)
Vivekananda Yoga Mahavidyapeetham
(Deemed University), Bangalore.
WEB :
Ph : FAX :

9. HEALTH - WHAT IS HEALTH? -Absence of Disease ?
“ HEALTH is a state of well being at
physical, mental, social and spiritual
levels and not mere absence of
illness or infirmity “

11. ADHIJA VYADHI -SAMANYA
-COMMON
- MODERN STRESS RELATED AILMENTS
STRESS -
BEGINS IN MANOMAYA KOSA

12. STRESS
YOGIC DEFINITION OF STRESS IS
SPEED

13. REDUCE SPEED AT ALL LEVELS
I A Y T
STRESS IS
SPEED
REDUCE SPEED AT ALL LEVELS

14. YOGA IS THE SKILL TO CALM DOWN THE MIND - MANAH PRASAMANA UPAYAH YOGAH
-VASISTA .

15. I A Y T - - MANOMAYA - - - DARANA, DHYANA EMOTION CULTURE ANNAMAYA -
DIET,
KRIYAS
ASANAS - -
PRANA - PRANAYAMA
MANOMAYA -
DARANA, DHYANA
EMOTION CULTURE - -

16. VIJNANA MAYA I A Y T NOTIONAL CORRECTION, HAPPINESS ANALYSIS
ANANDAMAYA
I A Y T
KARMA YOGA,
(ACTION IN BLISS) (SELFLESS SERVICE )

17. Yoga Cures stress related ailments

18. AN INVESTMENT FOR PROGRESSIVE EXECUTIVES
1-28
SMET
AN INVESTMENT FOR PROGRESSIVE EXECUTIVES 9%
DEEP SLEEP
SMET 24%
35 MIN
6 HRS

19. YOGA
FOR
A S T H M A

20. PSYCHE
SYMPATHETIC
PARASYMPATHETIC

21. N = 53 PAIRS TO 54 MONTHS BMJ

22. N = 53 PAIRS TO 54 MONTHS BMJ

23. HB: HAEMOGLOBIN l: LYMPHOCYTE%, E: EOSINOPHIL%,
HB: HAEMOGLOBIN l: LYMPHOCYTE%, E: EOSINOPHIL%, AEC: ABSOLUTE EOSINOPHIL COUNT

24. YOGA FOR
ARTHRITIS

25. MANOMAYA KÔÙA
STRESS IS SPEED
AUTO IMMUNITY B
THYMUS
LYMPHOCYTES T

26. % improvement after 2 weeks of IAYT
N AGE: 46+12
% improvement after 2 weeks of IAYT
SS: symptoms score; PAS:pain analogue scale;PPC: psycho physiological checklist; SRAS: self rating anxiety scale; BRS:Bortner’s rating scale (type A personality)

27. % improvement after 2 weeks of IAYT
AM: Angle of movement; JS: Joint swelling; HGS: Hand grip strength

28. ? ? INSULIN EXERCISE GLUCAGON ADRENALIN CORTISONE THYROXIN
GLUCOSE IMBALANCE

29. Direct Neuroendocrine Dysregulation Indirect Compliance Misbehaviours
STRESS AND METABOLIC CONTROL
DIABETES MELLITUS
PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS
PSYCHOSOMATIC EFFECT
Direct Neuroendocrine Dysregulation
PSYCHOSOCIAL EFFECT
Indirect Compliance Misbehaviours
METABOLIC CONTROL

30. N=Y 11, C=10 NIDDM 2 WEEKS OF IAYT
YOGA P<0.05
CONTROL
N=Y 11, C=10 NIDDM 2 WEEKS OF IAYT
Dr DANDONA, Dr R MANRO ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL LONDON 1992, COMPLIMENTARY MEDICAL RESEARCH UK vol VI(2)

31. YOGA P<0.05
CONTROL

32. 3154 men Age 39-59 followed up for 8 yrs
CAD
3154 men Age followed up for 8 yrs
Type A personality -
(Jenkins Activity Survey)
Type - A: Twice likely to CAD than non type - A
Strong correlation between Type - A personality and extent of athero-thrombosis

33. REVERSING HEART DISEASE BY LIFE STYLE CHANGE PROGRAM DEAN ORNISH, USA
1 YEAR FOLLOWUP CONTROL STUDY
CONTROL GROUP - BLOCKS
STUDY GROUP - BLOCKS
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, USA

34. YOGA
FOR
OBESITY

35. PSYCHE BASIC INSTINCTS LIKE HUNGER SURVIVAL INSTINCT PROCREATION SLEEP
AHÁRA NIDRÁ BHAYA MAITHUNAM CA.....

36. EATING DISORDERS DEPRESSION BULEMIA ANXIETY ANOREXIA NERVOSA
YOGA
= MASTERY OVER MIND
REMOVES CAUSE

37. % improvement after 2 weeks of IAYT
3.6
10.3
5.5 8
10.7
12.8
8.1
9.5
% improvement after 2 weeks of IAYT
N 98 AGE: DURATION OF IAYT: 2 WEEKS

38. INCREASES O2 CONSUMPTION- -
PRANAMAYA KOSA
BALANCE OF PRÁNA
SURYANULOMA VILOMA
INCREASES O2 CONSUMPTION
= EXERCISE EFFECT
RIGHT
LEFT
SAV 35%
NS17%

39. BACK PAIN
N = 126, AGE

40. UNCONTROLLED CELL MULTIPLICATION
What is cancer?
UNCONTROLLED CELL MULTIPLICATION

41. GENETICALLY PROGRAMMED
GROWTH
DEATH
REPLICATION
DESTRUCTION
BALANCE
HEALTHY AND UNHEALTHY

42. EMOTIONAL
IMPACT
Clinician / Psychologist often knows too little as to what is in their minds.

43. DESIGN OF STUDY Group A n=20 Intervention or Experimental group
2-4 week weeks weeks
yoga yoga yoga –1hr session daily
Surgery radiotherapy chemotherapy 6 cycles

44. DESIGN OF STUDY Group B n = 20 controls. Chemotherapy Radio 6 cycles
2 - 4 weeks counselloing
6 weeks counselling
18 weeks counselling
Surgery
Radio
therapy
Chemotherapy
6 cycles

45. YOGA THERAPY INTERVENTION
Breathing exercises.
Relaxation techniques.
IRT, QRT, DRT.
Pranayama.
Positive guided imagery - MIRT  SMET.
Pranic energising technique.
Mind sound resonance technique. 

46. MIRT Imagery very useful,
Pts asked to draw picutre of Macro phage engulging cancer cells
NK engulfing cancer cells.

47. IMMUNE CELLS VS CANCER
Electron microscopy images of clusters of T- Lymphocytes attacking the cancer cell at the center

48. MENTAL IMAGERIES - A POSITIVE HOPE
The cancer cell is being flattened and killed by the
T-Lymphocytes.The immune system is victorious in the battle.

49. SANYAMAH - THE WAY TO SIDDHI TRAYAM EKATHRA SANYAMAH
DHARANA +
DHYANA +
SAMADHI

50. RESULTS

55. ROLE OF MIND & STRESS ON MOTHER & FOETUS
PREGNANCY
ROLE OF MIND & STRESS ON MOTHER & FOETUS
BEING RECOGNISED MORE & MORE

56. YOGA RELAXATION TECHNIQUE - MSRT
III - TRIMESTER (7-9 MONTHS)
DOPPLER STUDY - VYASA 1998
YOGA RELAXATION TECHNIQUE - MSRT
INCREASED UMBELICAL BLOOD FLOW

58. PHYSICAL HEALTH
POSITIVE MOTOR HEALTH
STRENGTH
speed
DEXTERITY
STEADINESS

59. STRENGTH

60. Positive physical health – Strength
H G S, Adults males N = 21, IAYT (One month)
M Das, S Telles; IJPP: 2001;45 (3);

61. POSITIVE HEALTH Lung Function Test - PHYSICAL - WELL BEING
Better General Health - Wt, BP, LFT
Reduced ANS arousal - HR , RR 
Autonomic balance - GSR normalcy
Somatic steadiness - errors 
Lung Function Test Wt HR
GSR
School PT Teachers
N 40
Age yrs
Yoga 3 Mts
FEV1
FEV1
FVC
FVC
BEFORE AFTER

62. SPEED

63. YOGA-INCREASED MOTOR SPEED (10 secs)
- PHYSICAL - MOTOR SPEED
POSITIVE HEALTH
FINGER TAPPING SPEED - both hands
30 Days
YOGA
30 Days
NO. YOGA
10 Days
ADULTS(53) CONTROL (38) CHILDREN (152)
10 secs
20 secs
30 secs
YOGA-INCREASED MOTOR SPEED (10 secs)
NOT ENDURANCE (20,30 secs)
IJPP (3)

64. DEXTERITY

65. POSITIVE HEALTH O’CONNER’S - performance TWEEZER DEXTERITY TEST
Yoga - Deputed 20
Control 20
Yoga - Voluntary 20
Control
Age yrs
Females
IAYT Days
Significantly better after Yoga in voluntary group not in control or deputed Motivation is important
IJPP 9943(2):

66. Steadiness

67. Positive physical health - Steadiness
Static motor performance
Metal stylus in holes
10 days IAYT
Yoga – 45, Control – 45
Age (girls & boys)

68. POSITIVE HEALTH STATIC MOTOR Yoga 20 control 20 Age 17 - 22 yrs
- PHYSICAL - WELL BEING
POSITIVE HEALTH
STATIC MOTOR
Yoga 20
control 20
Age yrs
Females - 5
IAYT - 10 Days
METAL STYLUS - IN HOLES OF DECREASING SIZE - ERRORS COUNTED
Reduction in errors- 23 %
in Yoga
not in control
IJPP (2: )

69. POSITIVE HEALTH Lung Function Test - PHYSICAL - WELL BEING
Better General Health - Wt, BP, LFT
Reduced ANS arousal - HR , RR 
Autonomic balance - GSR normalcy
Somatic steadiness - errors 
Lung Function Test Wt HR
GSR
School PT Teachers
N 40
Age yrs
Yoga 3 Mts
FEV1
FEV1
FVC
FVC
BEFORE AFTER

70. Positive Mental Health
perception

71. Visual temporal perception
- MENTAL - PERCEPTION
POSITIVE HEALTH
Serial CFF Recording
Yoga 18
control 18
Age yrs
IAYT - 30 Days
10 days No Change
20 days 11.9%
30 days 14.9%
Yoga group - Significant change only after 20 days in this age group
Reduced stress
Visual temporal perception
IJPP (2:71-74)

72. CFF Increased after Yoga for 10 days
- MENTAL - PERCEPTION
POSITIVE HEALTH
Yoga(10Days)18
control 18
Age yrs
CRITICAL FLICKER FUSION
Frequency at which a flickering light is perceived to be steady
Yoga
Control
CFF Increased after Yoga for 10 days
J. of Indian Psychology (1): 30-32

73. > > > > POSITIVE HEALTH OPTICAL ILLUSION Yoga 30
SPACIAL VISUAL PERCEPTION
POSITIVE HEALTH
OPTICAL ILLUSION
Yoga 30
control 30
Age yrs
IAYT - 30 Days
MULLER LYER APPARATUS
TRATAKA -
FOCUS & DEFOCUS - 86%
NO DEFOCUSSING - 79%
NO YOGA - NO CHANGE
HOW?
NOT RETINAL OR CORTICAL
COGNITIVE JUDGEMENTAL FACTOR
>
>
>
>
IJPP (2: )

74. Visual reaction time reduced significantly in yoga group
Sensory motor performance –
arousal
concentration,
inhibit external stimuli
P < visual reaction time
Visual reaction time reduced significantly in yoga group
Depth perception also improved
Journal of Indian Psychology 2002; Vol.20, No.1

75. YOGA
FOR
MEMORY

76. QUIET NATURAL SURROUNDINGS OPTMIZE
- MENTAL - MEMORY
POSITIVE HEALTH
School children N
Age yrs.
Yoga residential
Yoga non-residential
Creativity residential
Normal
10 days yoga
SPATIAL MEMORY - RIGHT BRAIN
VERBAL MEMORY - LEFT BRAIN
YOGA RESIDENITAL GROUP SHOWED HIGHST INCREASE IN SPATIAL MEMORY %
QUIET NATURAL SURROUNDINGS OPTMIZE
YOGA EFFECT
PSYCHO. REPORTS :

77. EMOTIONAL
STABILITY

78. POSITIVE HEALTH NEGATIVE EMOTIONS - MENTAL - EMOTIONAL (DISTRESS)
KAMA INTENSE DESIRE
KRODHA ANGER
LOBHA MISERLINESS, GREED
MOHA INFATUATION
MADA ARROGANCE
MATSARYA JEALOUSY
- ADRENALIN, NORADRENALIN
CARTISONE, THYROXIN, GH

79. YOGA - EMOTION CULTURE POSITIVE EMOTIONS ?? IS SHARPENING OF EMOTIONS
COMPASSION
LOVE
CONTENTMENT
JOY
BLISS ANANDAMIDE
ENDORPHINE
?? IS SHARPENING OF EMOTIONS
SIGN OF BETTER HEALTH??
MASTERY
REPLACE VIOLENT THOUGHTS EMOTIONS
BY SOFT EMOTIONS NO

80. POSITIVE HEALTH AUTONOMIC STABILITY REDUCED RR HR, GSR
- SPIRITUAL - MEDITATION
POSITIVE HEALTH
AUTONOMIC STABILITY
18 Males
20-50 years
Brahma Kumari
Meditation
10 yers. Experience
B-during -A
REDUCED RR
HR,
GSR
FINGER PLETHYSMO
Both sympathetic activation and relaxation noted
IJ OF PSY. PHY. 1993

81. POSITIVE HEALTH KAPALABHATI - increases decreases NADI SUDDHI -
EMOTIONAL – AUTONOMIC BALANCE
POSITIVE HEALTH
Heart Rate Variability
KAPALABHATI -
increases
-sympathetic activity
decreases
-parasympathetic tone
NADI SUDDHI -
Decreases sympathetic
Increases para-sympathetic
SYMPATHETIC PARASYMPATHETIC LF
Males 12
Age yrs
Kapalabhati
Nadi Sudhi HF
IJPP 1998

82. HIGHER
BRAIN FUNCTIONS

83. HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTIONS MAZE LEARNING
Abstract conceptual strategic planning & Right-Left orientation
30 DAYS IAYT
YOGA = 31 , CONTROL = 31
AGE = AGE =
MAZE – 16 Blind Alleys,
Time taken and No. of Errors noted
S Telles, V R Prabhu, S K Reddy IJPP; 2000: 44(2):

84. MAZE LEARNING – 5 TRIALS, DAY 1 & 30, YOGA & CONTROL GROUPS
Yoga group - Significant reduction in time taken
No. of trials
Also No. of Errors reduced after yoga
S Telles, V R Prabhu, S K Reddy IJPP; 2000: 44(2):

85. SOCIAL HEALTH MORE THE MATERIAL AFFLUENCE
LOWER THE SOCIAL & SPIRITUAL HEALTH
SOCIAL ILL HEALTH
BREAKING UP OF FAMILIES
DIVORCES, STUDENT UNREST, GUN CULTURE
ADDICTIONS, SINGLE PARENT CHILDREN, CARE OF
ELDERLY
VIOLENCE, CRIMES
TERRORISM, WARS

87. SEVEN DAYS – DAILY MICROBIAL COUNTS
PYRAMIDS STUDY
MILK IN SIX CONDITIONS
SEVEN DAYS – DAILY MICROBIAL COUNTS
COCCI
Ravi Kumar, MS (Yogic sciences ) thesis, HUA ; 2003

88. PYRAMIDS STUDY
STAPHYLOCOCCI

89. BACILLI

90. Pyramid prevents bacterial growth
CORNY BACTERIA
Pyramid prevents bacterial growth

91. AGNIHOTRA