1. POLYNUCLEAR & HETROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
Pacific School Of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
Guided by:-
H.S.Tailor

2. Name En.No.. Parth Malaviya 131120105025
Chintan Limbadiya
Hardik Kotadiya

3. Heterocycles
Ring compounds with elements other than carbon in the ring. The most common elements to appear in heterocyclic compounds are oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.
The aliphatic heterocycles are similar to the open chain analogues, ethers, amines and sulfides.
The aromatic heterocycles are similar to other aromatic compounds.

4. Preparation Of Naphthalene
(i) From Coal Tar
The middle oil fraction of coal tar is chilled when naphthalene forms
Crystals.
The crude crystals are melted & treated with sulfuric acid to remove
Basic impurities.
The crystals are then washed with aq. Sodium hydroxide to remove
Phenols,
Finally, the naphthalene is distilled to get the pure product.

5. Naphthalene (ii) From Petroleum
The middle distillates of petroleum on catalytic cracking and catalytic Reforming yield naphthalene & methylnaphthalenes.
The methylnaphthalenes on heating to about 600C in the presence of Hydrogen, are dealkylated to give naphthalene.

6. Naphthalene
(iii) From Haworth Synthesis of naphthalene

7. Physical Properties Naphthalene is slowly sublimates.
It is volatile matter.
It is in solid form.
Melting Point is 80.2C.
Boiling Point is 217.9C.
Soluble in Benzene & Ether.
Insoluble in Water.

8. Chemical Properties
(i) Halogenation 8

9. (ii) Nitration

10. (iii) Sulfonation

11. (iv) Reduction

12. (v) Oxidation 12

13. Use Of Naphthalene It is used in manufacturing of Plastic & resins
It is used in Fumigant insecticide
It is used as Pesticides
It is used in production of Phthalic Anhydride

14. Preparation Of Anthrancene
Anthracene
Preparation Of Anthrancene
From Coal Tar
The middle oil fraction ( C) of coal tar is chilled when Anthracene forms crystals.
At this tem. We get mixture of anthracene, phenenthrene & carbazole
Phenenthrene crystals washed with naptha solvent to get final Product.

15. (ii) Haworth synthesis of anthracene

16. Physical Properties It is in solid form. It is colorless.
Melting point of anthracene is 270C.
Boiling point of anthracene is 340C.
It is soluble in alcohol & ether,
It is insoluble in water.

17. Chemical Properties
Reduction:

18. Chemical Properties
Oxidation:

19. Preparation Of Pyrrole
Industrially pyrrole is obtained by passing a mixture of furan &
Ammonia over alumina at 400C.
Al2O3
C4H4O + NH3
C4H5N + H2O

20. Pyrrole can be obtained by heating 2-butyne 1,4-diol with ammonia
(ii)
Pyrrole can be obtained by heating 2-butyne 1,4-diol with ammonia
Under pressure.
heat
C4H6O2 + NH3
C4H5N + 2H2O
pressure

21. Physical Properties Pyrrole is a colorless liquid.
It’s Boiling point is 131C
It turns brown in the air and gradually resinifics.
It is slightly soluble in water.
It is totally miscible with ether & ethanol.

22. Furan Preparation Of Furan
Furan is synthesized from furfural obtained by acid hydrolysis of
Pentosans.
CHO |
(CHOH)3
CH2OH
C5H8O4
C4H4O

23. Physical Properties Furan is a colourless liquid.
Boiling point is 31.4C.
It has odor of chloroform.
It is insoluble in ether’
It is soluble in most organic solvents.

24. Pyridine
Preparation
By heating a mixture of acetylene , ammonia , & formaldehyde
Dimethylacetal in the presence of alumina at 500C .
2C2H2 + NH3 +CH(OCH3)2
C5H5N

25. Physical Properties Pyridine is a colourless liquid.
Boiling point is 115.5C.
It has characteristic unpleasant odor.
It is soluble in water & most organic solvents,

26. Thank you