1. The North Takes Charge

2. A Sticky Situation for the South
South defeat the North at Chancellorsville, VA
Union gains an advantage
Stonewall Jackson shot upon his return (mistake) and dies from pneumonia
Gen. Lee decides to invade the North anyway
Hope to drive Union troops away from Vicksburg so he could get well-needed supplies
Also wanted to win a battle on Union soil
A Sticky Situation for the South

3. Gettysburg Gettysburg, PA
Shoeless troops hear there is footwear in Gettysburg
Go to find it and meet up with Gen. Lee’s forces
Rebels run into Union troops led by John Buford
Ordered his men to take defense on the hills and ridges surrounding the town
Fighting attracts more soldiers from both sides
South forces the Union troops to retreat and takes control of the town itself
Gettysburg

4. Rebels retreat and Lee gives up attacking the North on their own soil
South now had to take high ground of Gettysburg from North at Cemetery Ridge
Lee orders Rebel forces towards the ridge on July 2nd
Colonel Joshua Chamberlain helps push back Rebel forces
Run out of ammo and men so he orders a bayonet charge
Rebels surrender and held their lines
Lee still optimistic
Orders artillery attack on July 3rd
Sends Gen. Pickett to charge the high ground (Pickett’s Charge)
Rebel troops then move forward and met by Union artillery
Union troops hold off the high ground attack
Lee sends troops to flank but they also were stalled
North goes on the counterattack
Rebels retreat and Lee gives up attacking the North on their own soil

5. The Result 30% casualties Union losses were 23,000 killed or wounded
South losses were 28,000 Killed or wounded
The Result

6. Vicksburg Gen. Ulysses S. Grant continues fighting in the West
Vicksburg, Mississippi was one of only 2 Confederate holdout preventing the Union from taking control of the Miss. Rvr.
Grant sends troops to attack RxR’s and draw attention away from the city
Sends troops into city and take over Jackson, Miss.
Troops move from Jackson to Vicksburg and are held 2 different times
Finally send artillery attack and force all people in the city into caves
“If you can’t feed us, you’d better surrender”
Rebels surrender and days later Hudson, LA falls -> finally cuts the Confederacy into 2 parts
Vicksburg

7. Nov. 1863 -> ceremony held to dedicate a cemetery in Gettysburg
Abraham Lincoln speaks for a little over 2 minutes
Pg. 361
Gettysburg Address

8. Confederacy Becomes Tired
South running very low on supplies and men after Vicksburg and Gettysburg
Know they cannot continue to attack
Hope for armistice (cease-fire) rather than surrender
South begins to call for an end to the war
Lincoln finds 2 generals to continue to fight
Worsens to moral of the South
Southern soldiers begin to go home (have to)
In every Southern state but S.C. soldiers beginning to fight for the Union army
Peace rallies begin to pop up in almost all Southern states
Confederacy Becomes Tired

9. Ulysses S. Grant at His Best
Appointed commander of all troops by Lincoln
Appoints William Tecumseh Sherman as commander of troops in Mississippi
Both believe in total war (on civilians as well)
Civilians made the weapons, grew the food, and transported the goods
Grant wants to attack Lee’s army in VA while Sherman does so in GA
Grant able to lose men and Lee not able to
Many battles fought -> Grant becomes known in the South as a butcher
“Whatever happens, there will be no turning back”
Ulysses S. Grant at His Best

10. Sherman's troops occupy the transportation center of Atlanta
South decides to flank him and cut of supply lines
Sherman decides to abandon his supplies and marches southeast through GA
Take out Savannah, GA and turn North to help Grant “wipe out Lee”
Added 25k slaves looking for freedom
March into S.C.
“Here is where treason began and, by God, here is where it shall end”
By the time they get to N.C. they anticipate the end of war and begin to hand out food and other supplies to the civilians
Sherman’s March

11. Election of 1864 Lincoln vs. George McClellan
Democrats upset with the war’s length and high casualty rates
Confederate South chooses John Fremont
Andrew Johnson becomes Lincoln’s running mate
Fremont withdrawals after hearing that Atlanta was under Union control
Lincoln wins second term
Election of 1864

12. Surrender at Appomattox
Grant and other troops approaching Richmond from the west
Sherman from the south
News of Lee’s troops falling at Petersburg, VA
Jefferson Davis leaves capital and burns it
Lee and Grant meet to arrange surrender on April 9, 1865 in Appomattox Court House (VA)
The terms:
Grant paroled Lee’s soldiers and sent them home with their possessions and food
Officers were permitted to keep their side arms
Surrender at Appomattox