1. Structures of the Heart
Circulatory System
Structures of the Heart

2. Circulatory System Heart Arteries Veins Capillaries
Blood and lymph are part of circulatory system

3. Major Blood Circuits
Cardiopulmonary Circulation (Blood through right side of heart to lungs)
General (Systemic) Circulation (Blood through left side of heart out to the body)

4. The Heart Muscular organ Size of a closed fist Weighs 12-13 oz
Location – thoracic cavity
APEX – conical tip, lies on diaphragm, points left
Stethoscope – instrument used to hear the heartbeat

5. Structure of Heart Hollow, muscular, double pump that circulates blood
At rest = 2 oz blood with each beat, 5 qts./min., 75 gallons per hour
Ave = 72 beats per minute
100,000 beats per day

6. Layers of the Heart
PERICARDIUM – double layer of fibrous tissue that surrounds the heart (labeled epicardium in this diagram)
MYOCARDIUM – cardiac muscle tissue
ENDOCARDIUM – smooth inner lining of heart
pericardium

7. Blood Vessels of the Heart
Superior vena cava and inferior vena cava – bring deoxygenated blood to right atrium
Pulmonary artery – takes blood away from right ventricle to the lungs for O2
Pulmonary veins – bring oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium
Aorta – takes blood away from left ventricle to rest of the body

9. Septum
partition (wall) that separates heart into right and left halves
septum

10. Chambers of the Heart
Heart consists of four chambers—two upper and two lower
Upper chambers – RIGHT ATRIUM and LEFT ATRIUM (if discuss both is called atria)
Lower chambers – RIGHT VENTRICLE and LEFT VENTRICLE

11. Valves of the Heart
Four heart valves permit flow of blood in one direction
TRICUSPID VALVE – between right atrium and right ventricle
BICUSPID (MITRAL) VALVE – between left atrium and left ventricle
Semilunar valves are located where blood leaves the heart
PULMONARY SEMILUNAR VALVE—between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
AORTIC SEMILUNAR VALVE—between left ventricle and aorta

13. Heart is Double Pump Right Heart
Deoxygenated blood flows into heart from vena cava  right atrium  tricuspid valve  right ventricle  pulmonary semilunar valve  pulmonary artery  lungs (for oxygen)
Left Heart
Oxygenated blood flows from lungs via pulmonary veins  left atrium  mitral valve  left ventricle  aortic semilunar valve  aorta  general circulation (to deliver oxygen)

14. Blood Supply to Heart
Heart muscle itself receives blood from the coronary arteries on the outer surface of the heart

15. Heart Sounds
lubb dubb—SOUND OF VALVES CLOSING

16. Blood Flow Through the Heart (Right Side)
Deoxygenated Blood from Body Tissue
 Superior/inferior vena cava
 Right Atrium
Tricuspid Valve opens
 Right Ventricle
 Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Leaves heart through Pulmonary Artery
 Goes to lungs
 CO2 - O2 exchange

17. Blood Flow thru Heart (Left side)
Back to heart from lungs via Pulmonary Veins
 Left Atrium
 Mitral or Bicuspid Valve Opens
 Left Ventricle
 Aortic Semilunar Valve Opens
 Aorta - Takes Blood and O2 to Body