1. Nuclear Fission and Fusion
We are learning: How nuclear energy is generated

2. What words are in the word snake?
Niuanupenepkniuraniumumurneumrannibdvivu Mneutoohvvmxabeefajodneutronnndconereelre Emthgyytotyllejbhgiopdncontrolrodhcvuohuihea Hbneafknpcnbbemneafghhchainnloeannfasewp Gieagamamraerareactionbeardednrosnwomano fnfnofguildfordsmnyxalagskhiepwcboihobldndnb

3. What words are in the word snake?
Niuanupenepkniuraniumumurneumrannibdvivu Mneutoohvvmxabeefajodneutronnndconereelre Emthgyytotyllejbhgiopdncontrolrodhcvuohuihea Hbneafknpcnbbemneafghhchainnloeannfasewp Gieagamamraerareactionbeardednrosnwomano fnfnofguildforsfissionlagskhiepwcboihobldndnb
Keywords
Fission, Chain reaction, Control rod, neutron, uranium

4. How does a nuclear power station work?

5. Nuclear reactor
What do the control rods do?

6. krypton
Uranium
barium

7. Nuclear Fission
Incoming slow neutron

8. Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fission
Incoming slow neutron

9. Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fission
Incoming slow neutron

10. Nuclear Fission
Incoming slow neutron

11. Nuclear Fission
Incoming slow neutron

12. Nuclear Fission
Incoming slow neutron

13. Nuclear Fission
Incoming slow neutron

14. Nuclear Fission
Incoming slow neutron

15. Nuclear Fission
Incoming slow neutron

16. Nuclear Fission
Incoming slow neutron

17. Nuclear Fission
Neutron is absorbed by nucleus

18. Nuclear Fission
Neutron is absorbed by nucleus

19. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus becomes unstable and starts to oscillate.

20. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus becomes unstable and starts to oscillate.

21. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus becomes unstable and starts to oscillate.

22. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus becomes unstable and starts to oscillate.

23. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus becomes unstable and starts to oscillate.

24. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus becomes unstable and starts to oscillate.

25. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus becomes unstable and starts to oscillate.

26. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus becomes unstable and starts to oscillate.

27. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus becomes unstable and starts to oscillate.

28. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus becomes unstable and starts to oscillate.

29. Nuclear Fission
Nucleus splits! (fissions) into two large pieces and 2 or 3 neutrons

30. Nuclear Fission
Massive release of energy. Particles fly apart

31. Nuclear Fission
Massive release of energy. Particles fly apart

32. Nuclear Fission
Massive release of energy. Particles fly apart

33. Nuclear Fission
Massive release of energy. Particles fly apart

34. Nuclear Fission
Massive release of energy. Particles fly apart

35. Mass has been turned into energy
Mass Before
Mass After
Mass has been turned into energy

36. Nuclear reactor
What do the control rods do?

37. Usually made of Boron
Absorb the excess neutrons so a chain reaction does not happen.

38. Chain Reaction

39. Chain Reaction

40. Chain Reaction

41. Chain Reaction
Little bang

42. Chain Reaction
Little bang

43. Chain Reaction
Little bang

44. Chain Reaction
Little bang

45. Chain Reaction

46. Chain Reaction
Bigger bang

47. Chain Reaction

48. Chain Reaction

49. Chain Reaction

50. Chain Reaction

51. Chain Reaction
Even bigger bang

52. Chain Reaction

53. Chain Reaction

54. Chain Reaction

55. Chain Reaction

56. Chain Reaction

57. Extremely large bang

58. After 30 cycles, more than 68000 billion atoms have been spilt

59. Grable- Nevada Test Site (1953)
This is a wide shot of the atomic detonation known as Grable. This event was the result of the first and only firing of the Atomic Cannon at the Nevada Test Site in Originally photographed in 35mm Cinemascope.

60. The Enola Gay is a Boeing B-29 Superfortress bomber, named for Enola Gay Tibbets, the mother of the pilot, Colonel Paul Tibbets, who selected the aircraft while it was still on the assembly line. On 6 August 1945, during the final stages of World War II, it became the first aircraft to drop an atomic bomb.

61. Nuclear Reactor next up Chernobyl

62. Nuclear fission 2 Explain the stages in the diagram to the right. 11. 2. 1
Uranium is used to produce heat in a nuclear reactor. This is called ___________ fission. The decay of uranium can be a chain reaction.
Finish the diagram of the large scale fission…..
A Nuclear bomb
Why did it happen?

63. Hiroshima bomb Little boy- Uranium Type Nuclear weapon Place of origin
United States
Specifications
Weight
9,700 pounds (4,400 kg)
Length
120 inches (3.0 m)
Diameter
28 inches (710 mm)

64. It has been estimated that 130,000 to 150,000 persons had died by the end of December 1945.
Its design was not tested in advance, unlike the more complex plutonium bomb Fat Man.

65. Fat man- plutonium core
Nagasaki
Fat man- plutonium core
Type
Nuclear weapon
Place of origin
United States
Specifications
Weight
10,213 pounds (4,633 kg)
Length
10.7 feet (3.3 m)
Diameter
5 feet (1.5 m)

66. An estimated 39,000 people were killed outright by the bombing at Nagasaki, and a further 25,000 were injured.

68. Nagasaki 2 days
before the bomb

70. Nagasaki 3 days
after the bomb

73. Nagasaki 11
miles high

81. We are learning: What is nuclear fusion?
Keywords
Fusion
Thermonuclear
Hydrogen Bomb
Hydrogen
Helium

82. Stars are basically natural fusion reactors!
Their size, temperature and internal pressure mean that the nuclear fusion of hydrogen occurs forming helium and releasing vast amounts of energy.

83. What is Thermonuclear fusion?
Nuclear fusion occurs when nuclei are stuck (or fused) together.
Fusion is different to fission. In fusion two small nuclei join to make a single heavier nucleus.
The process generates heat energy (just like fission).
Nuclear fusion is the process by which energy is released in stars.
The products of nuclear fusion are not radioactive.

84. Typical thermonuclear reaction
Hydrogen 1 Fuses with Hydrogen 2 to make Helium 3.
Hydrogen 1
Hydrogen 2 (Deuterium)

85. Deuterium Tritium Hydrogen Isotopes
You don’t need to know this but if you’re interested!
MeV=Mega electron Volt
1 eV is defined to be the energy required to move an electron through a potential difference of 1 Volt.

86. The Hydrogen Bomb Tsar Bomba (Big Ivan)
Fission of uranium will create the heat needed for the fusion of Hydrogen.
Stage 1: Fission of uranium or plutonium
Stage 2: Fusion of Hydrogen to Helium
Stage 3: Already depleted uranium will undergo fission due to heat, pressure and energy of the bomb (Not all bombs use this stage)

87. Tsar Bomba (Big Ivan)
Largest detonated hydrogen Bomb test. Russia. Test drop in the Arctic sea.
97% of energy came from Fusion.

88. Nuclear Fission Thermonuclear Fusion
Uranium 238 is used in a nuclear reactor to generate heat energy.
This happens naturally in stars.
A chain reaction can occur if this reaction is not controlled.
An extremely high temperature and high pressure is needed for this reaction to take place.
Control rods are used to control this type of nuclear reaction. They absorb the excess neutrons.
Fusing together of Hydrogen nuclei resulting in the formation of Helium.
The splitting of radioisotope nuclei.
This nuclear reaction, as well as fission, takes place in a Hydrogen Bomb.
The bombs dropped in Hiroshima and Nagasaki during world war II ,called Fat man and little boy, involved this type of nuclear reaction.
Producing this reaction on Earth is very difficult due to the conditions needed for it to happen.
Involves the firing of a neutron which makes the nucleus of uranium unstable.
This method could be used to generate power in the future . It could replace conventional power stations.
After 12 cycles, assuming that three neutrons are released per cycle, 531,441 atoms will have been split.
This method releases more energy.
(Assume the same amount of atomic matter is used)

89. Fusion and Fission Remember the difference between fission and fusion.
Fission is the splitting of atomic nuclei to form smaller nuclei and energy.
Fusion is the joining (or fusing) of two nuclei to form a larger nucleus and energy.