1. Events Leading to the Civil War

2. Between 1800 and 1850, what region developed an industrial economy based on manufacturing?
The North

3. Which region favored high protective tariffs?
The North

4. Define protective tariffs.
Taxes on imports which are so high that Americans cannot afford to buy foreign goods

5. What was the basis of the South’s economy?
Agriculture (Farming)
Plantations that used slave labor

6. Did the South support or oppose high tariffs?
Opposed

7. Why did the South oppose high tariffs?
Made manufactured goods more expensive

8. As the U.S. expanded westward, what conflict threatened to tear the country apart?
Slavery

9. Define abolitionists.
People who wanted to abolish (end) slavery immediately

10. Who was one of the most important abolitionist leaders?
William Lloyd Garrison

11. What was the name of the antislavery newspaper in Boston?
The Liberator

12. Who published The Liberator?
William Lloyd Garrison

13. Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin?
Harriet Beecher Stowe

14. Describe Uncle Tom’s Cabin.
An antislavery novel
Told the cruelties of slavery

15. How did Uncle Tom’s Cabin affect the North?
Made Northern abolitionists mad
Caused many more Northerners to support the Abolitionist movement

16. How did the Abolitionist movement affect Southerners?
Frightened them

17. What kind of rebellions did Southerners fear?
Slave Rebellions

18. Who was Gabriel Prosser?

19. African-American slave
Planned a slave revolt in Richmond, Va.
Revolt crushed by Va. militia
Prosser and 35 slaves were executed

20. Who was Nat Turner?

21. An African-American slave
Led a slave revolt in Southampton County, Va.
Killed 55 whites
100+ blacks were killed
Turner was captured and executed

22. What were two effects of Nat Turner’s Rebellion?
Increased Southern fears of Slave Rebellions
Southern states passed stricter slave codes

23. Who proposed the Missouri Compromise?
Henry Clay

24. What were the 3 parts of the Missouri Compromise?

25. Missouri became a slave state
Maine became a free state
Louisiana Territory was divided at the 36 degree, 30 minute parallel; north of the line must be free territory; south of the line could be slave territory

26. How many U.S. senators does each state have?
Two

27. What balance did the Missouri Compromise maintain?
Balance of power in Senate between the North and the South

28. Who proposed the Compromise of 1850?
Henry Clay

29. Who have historians called the “Great Compromiser”?
Henry Clay

30. What were the key points of the Compromise of 1850?

31. California became a free state
Stronger fugitive slave law
Abolished the slave trade, but not slavery itself, in the District of Columbia
Created the Utah and New Mexico territories; decide slavery by popular sovereignty

32. What did the new Fugitive Slave Act do?

33. Made it easier for slave catchers to capture and return runaway slaves
Required escaped slaves to be forcibly returned to their owners in the South

34. Who hated the Fugitive Slave Act?
Northerners

35. What was popular sovereignty?
The people of a territory would decide whether they wanted slavery

36. Who proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
Stephen Douglas, Democrat (Illinois)

37. What is a bill?
A proposed law

38. What is an act?
A Law

39. Identify the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

40. Created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska
Said popular sovereignty would decide slavery in both Kansas and Nebraska
Since both Kansas and Nebraska were north of the Missouri Compromise line, the Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise

41. What effect did the Kansas-Nebraska Act have on the Missouri Compromise?
The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise.

42. What broke out in the Kansas Territory?
Civil war between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers

43. What adjective was used to describe Kansas in the mid-1850s?
Bleeding Kansas

44. What political party was formed in opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
The Republican Party

45. What were the two major results of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
Bleeding Kansas
Republican Party

46. What was the Supreme Court’s decision in the Dred Scott case?

47. Since Dred Scott was a slave, he could not sue in federal court
African-Americans were not citizens of the United States
Since Congress had no power to prohibit slavery in the territories, the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional

48. What did the Dred Scott decision say about the Missouri Compromise?
The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

49. What power did the Supreme Court use in Dred Scott v. Sandford?
The power of judicial review

50. In Dred Scott v. Sandford did the Supreme Court rule that Scott should remain a slave or gain his freedom?
Remain a slave

51. Which section liked the Dred Scott decision, the North or the South?

52. Which group(s) liked the Dred Scott decision?
Abolitionists?
Republicans?
Slaves?
Slaveholders?

53. Slaveholders

54. Who ran for the U.S. Senate against Stephen Douglas in 1858?
Abraham Lincoln

55. In the Lincoln-Douglas debates who supported popular sovereignty?
Stephen Douglas

56. In the Lincoln-Douglas debates who said, “A house divided against itself cannot stand”?
Abraham Lincoln

57. In the Lincoln-Douglas debates who said the U. S
In the Lincoln-Douglas debates who said the U.S. could not continue half-free and half-slave?
Abraham Lincoln

58. Who won the 1858 Senate election in Illinois?
Stephen Douglas

59. In the 1850s what was the North increasingly against?
The Spread of Slavery to the West

60. By the end of the 1850s, what did Southerners argue states could do?
States could nullify laws passed by Congress
States could secede from the Union

61. What did it mean for a state to nullify a law?
Void it
Do Away with it

62. What did it mean for a state to secede?
Leave the Union

63. Who gave the “House Divided” speech in the 1858 Illinois Senate election campaign?
Abraham Lincoln