2. What conditions must exist for a group of people to “throw off” their government?
That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, — That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. 
 But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security. 

3. Wilmot Proviso
Proposed in 1847 as a result of the Mexican-American War on the issue of slavery in the new territories acquired form Mexico
Written by Daniel Wilmot (Northerner)
All new territory was anti-slavery
Rejected by the Senate(southern majority, passed by House)

5. Compromise of 1850 Attempted to diffuse the ongoing slavery debate.
California as a free state
Stricter Fugitive Slave Law
Mexico & Utah Popular Sovereignty
Slavery & Slave trade banned in Washington D.C

7. The Compromise of 1850
California wanted to be admitted into the Union in 1849 as a free state.
The delicate balance of free and slave states in Congress was in danger.
Compromise of 1850 (Henry Clay)
North got
California as a Free State
D.C. no slavery allowed
South got:
Fugitive Slave Act
Popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico
Congress could make no new laws against slavery

9. Kansas-Nebraska Act Proposed by Illinois Senator Stephen Douglass.
Kansas and Nebraska would decide slavery by Popular Sovereignty (voting to decide)

12. Bleeding Kansas Thousands of people flooded into Kansas.
Because of Popular Sovereignty (letting the will of the people decide)
Thousands of people flooded into Kansas.
Northerners went to stop slavery
Southerners went in support of it
Violence erupted between them
Opposition to Slavery led by John Brown
about 200 people were dead.
America Divided Video

13. Transparency: Bleeding Kansas

15. Raid on Harper’s Ferry

16. Harpers Ferry 1859, John Brown
He (and 18 followers; 13 white, 5 black) raided the US Arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now W. Virginia).
Brown sent out word for slaves to join the fight but no slaves showed up.
“The crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away without very much bloodshed.”

17. Violence spreads to the Senate
The violence didn’t stop at Kansas
It even spread to the U.S. Congress
Two rival Representatives fought
Charles Sumner vs. Preston Brooks (Massachusetts)
Sumner got 200+ letters of support!

18. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
In 1852, a woman in Cincinnati, Ohio wrote a novel about slavery titled Uncle Tom’s Cabin.
It painted an ugly (and exaggerated) picture of slavery.
Many in the south felt this was unfair and argued (as John C. Calhoun did) that slavery was a good, not an evil.
The novel sold 400,000 copies in a couple months.
Turned many more northerners against slavery.

19. Dred Scott v. Sanford

20. Dred Scott v. Sandford
1857, the Supreme Court handed down its decision on the famous Dred Scott case
1. Slaves not people- have no rights cannot sue.
2. Missouri Compromise was Unconstitutional
3. Congress cannot deprive property without due process

21. Lincoln-Douglas Debates
Lincoln vs. Douglass
For Illinois Senate seat
Douglas:
Support popular sovereignty
“The Union was established on the right of each State to do as it pleased on the question of slavery, and every other question”

22. Lincoln-Douglas Debates
Lincoln vs. Douglas Lincoln: -”There is no reason in the world why a negro is not entitled to all the natural rights enumerated in the Declaration of Independence… I hold that he is as much entitled to these as a white man.”

23. ELECTION OF 1860
What can you tell me about the election of from this picture? (on your Bell Ringer)

25. The Election of 1860 The Road to War Video
Abraham Lincoln is nominated as the Republican candidate.
Lincoln did not want slavery to spread west. Was not on the ballot in 11 states, no write in’s!
Douglas – Popular Sovereignty
Bell / Breckinridge – Supporters of Slavery

27. The Election of 1860

28. The Election of 1860
This upset the South so the Democrats split into North & South
Stephen Bell- N. Democrat candidate
John C. Breckinridge- S. Democrat candidate
Lincoln was not on the ballot in 11 southern states

29. Right now time…………..
In that packet …….

30. Southern Secession
Benefiting from the fracturing of the Democratic party, Lincoln won the election.
Led by South Carolina 7 states seceded after Lincoln was elected.
They formed a new government called the Confederate States of America
They named as their President Jefferson Davis.

33. Attack on Fort Sumter
Up until now, no shots had been fired by either side.
This all changed on April 12th, 1861 at Fort Sumter
S. Carolina ordered the Fort to surrender
Union troops refuse and the Confederates fire on the Fort.
The Civil War begins!

36. Alexander H. Stephens…. (Confederate Vice President)
“Our new government is founded upon exactly the opposite idea; its foundations are laid, its corner- stone rests, upon the great truth that the negro is not equal to the white man; that slavery subordination to the superior race is his natural and normal condition. This, our new government, is the first, in the history of the world, based upon this great physical, philosophical, and moral truth