1. DCE5011 Principles of Adult Education
Overview of Section 1

2. Learning and School Education
Death
Learning – Spectrum
Where school takes a small portion
AGE
25 years
SCHOOL
6 years
Birth
advance
little
Institutionalized

3. Education and Learning
Look around us
Where does education take place?
Where does learning take place?
Ponder on the following statement:
In all education there is learning but not necessarily in all learning there is education

4. Adult Education and related concepts
Adult Education -- a process whereby persons, whose major social roles are characteristics of adult status, undertake systematic and sustained learning activities for purpose of bringing about changes in knowledge, attitudes, values or skills. (Darkenwald and Merriam, pg9)

5. Purposes of Adult Education
Cultivation of intellect
individual self-actualization
personal and social improvement
social transformation
organizational effectiveness

6. Adult Education has been around for decades
Religious education
Agricultural Extension
Democratization of education
Community Education
Continuing Professional Education

7. Scope of Adult Education
Varied, includes both formal and non formal; private and public sector
4 typologies of adult learning opportunities:
independent ad.edu. Organization
educational institutions
quasi educational org. (eg. Library, museum)
non educational org.(eg. Industry, armed forces)

8. Settings and scope of ad.edu
There are differences between developed and third world countries
major areas in third world:
literacy
civil and political education
health and family life
agricultural and vocational education
where do you place Malaysia?

9. What are your understanding of the following concepts?
andragogy
Continuing education
lifelong education/learning
non formal education
community education
general/university extension
in service training

10. Categories of Adult Learners
Adults who are pursuing structured learning programmes
Adults who are pursuing non-structured learning programmes
Adults who are engaged in other forms of learning difference from the above

11. Adult Education opens the door to
Pursuing education in specific areas of interest
Formulate leraning program to fulfill needs of specific group
To further enhance existing skills
Inculcate values
Provide opportunities for study without having to leave vocation
Etc.

12. Importance of Adult Education
Reasons for continued learning:
occupational reasons
new social roles and relationships
changing interests and attitudes towards changing world/surroundigs
Importance of ad.edu may be viewed from:
demographics (compare M’sia with the west)
economics(good times vs bad times)
technology (IT, knowledge 1/2 life, new t.tech)

13. Impak Pendidikan Dewasa
Sosio-ekonomi (menangani masalah kesihatan rakyat, meningkatkan produktiviti pertanian, meningkatkan kemahiran)
Psiko-sosial (memupuk perpaduan, kestabilan, sedar sivik, amalan keagamaan)
Fizikal, persekitaran dan persaingan global (pemantapkan pembangunan mapan, memupuk kesedaran alam sekitar, meningkatkan daya saing)

14. KEPENTINGAN PENDIDIKAN DEWASA
Meningkatkan sosio-ekonomi rakyat
Perubahan pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan
Merealisasikan harapan rakyat dan matlamat negara
Sebagai laluan kedua bagi yang tidak berpeluang untuk mengikuti pendidikan formal

15. How do see Adult Education?
Age of instant communication
World without economic boundaries
New service society
New age of Leisure
Changing shape of work
Women in leadership
Growing underclass
Active aging of the population
New do-it-yourself boon
Triumph of individual
Discontinuity/ambivalence of values and beliefs

16. Reasons for participation and non participation
Motivational orientation of learners (goal, oriented, and learning orientations)
Barriers to participation (situational, institutional, dispositional, informational)
Social perspective (maintenance of social system, reproduction of culture, individual advancement, legitimation, leisure time pursuit)

17. Sebab mengikuti program Pendidikan Dewasa
kenaikan pangkat dalam organisasi
Mengisi masa lapang
Satu tuntutan
Menangi masalah
Mendalami hobi
Maksud sosial
Memenuhi kepuasan sendiri
Tanggungjawab sosial
Banyak lagi . . .

18. Sebab tidak ambil peluang Pendidikan Dewasa
Kewangan
Kesempitan masa
   Kendiri (tidak berminat,
malas, degil)
  Tiada galakkan 
Tiada kesedaran
Lokasi yang jauh dengan sumber
Tidak berpeluang
Faktor kesihatan

19. Learning Styles (Rogers)
Activist - directly involve in activities
Observers - wait and watch, then act
Theorists - generalize exp. then apply
Experimenters - create and apply
(learning styles vary according to type of learning - memorize, acquisition, experiment)

20. Learning Styles Auditory learners Visual Learners
Learn by hearing key points
Learning reinforce through spoken feedback
Recall best what they hearned
Visual Learners
Learn thro seeing key words in written form
Recall best when they read or seen
Interested in actual work, role play

21. Learning Styles Hands-on-learner Mixture learning style
Learn thro actual practice
Respond well thro gp discussions
Learn better with first hand experience
Mixture learning style
Best way to capture all audience

22. What is Adult Education to You?
How did you arrive at your philosophy?
What are your notions of the key elements of Adult Education?
Learner
Content
Educator/Facilitator
Environment
Learning Community
Your futuristic view of Adult Education