1. Renaissance & Reformation, 1350 – 1600 The Renaissance
Objective: Social, political, economic, and cultural changes associated with the Renaissance.
Renaissance & Reformation, 1350 – 1600 The Renaissance

2. The Renaissance: “rebirth” of interest in the Classics; began in Italy
Recovery from plague & decline in Church power
New view of human beings: humanism

3. Italy: independent city-states
Florence: birthplace of Renaissance, early 1400s, the Medici family
Milan: crossroads of trade routes
Venice: jewel of the Renaissance, late 1500s; trade link Europe & Asia

4. Renaissance Italy, 1500

5. Humanism: secular (worldly) rather than spiritual
Emphasis on individual ability
Education could dramatically change people
Liberal studies or liberal arts were the core of humanist schools

6. Humanism

7. Johannes Gutenberg: “invented” printing press, 1440
Revolutionary printing method with moveable metal type
Hastened spread of humanist learning

8. The Impact of Printing
Johannes Gutenberg’s Bible, printed about 1455, was the first European book produced from movable type.

9. Gutenberg Bible

10. Vernacular literature: everyday or local language
Petrarch: father of Italian Renaissance humanism; sonnets
Dante: The Divine Comedy, journey from hell through purgatory to heaven
Geoffrey Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales
Machiavelli: The Prince, abandoned morality as basis for political activity
Petrarch – Italian Humanist 1304 – 1374

11. Dante’s Divine Comedy, c. 1310

12. Geoffrey Chaucer, 1343 – 1400

13. Niccolò Machiavelli, 1469 – 1527

15. Italian Renaissance: art showed emotions & life like sculptures
Painters: new techniques in painting, more realistic
Filippo Brunelleschi: architect, dome for Cathedral of Florence
Masters of the High Renaissance: three artistic giants
Leonardo da Vinci: Mona Lisa & The Last Supper
Rafael: numerous Madonnas; frescoes; School of Athens
Michelangelo: La Pieta & Sistine Chapel ceiling

17. Filippo Brunelleschi, 1377 – 1446

18. The Duomo, Florence

19. Leonardo da Vinci

20. Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa

21. Da Vinci’s Last Supper

22. The Last Supper

23. Rafael

24. School of Athens by Rafael, 1510

25. Michelangelo

26. La Pieta by Michelangelo

27. The Creation of Adam, the Sistine Chapel

28. Artists of the Renaissance

29. Northern Renaissance Adapted Italian ideas to suit needs & traditions
Looked more to Middle Ages than to Rome & Greece
Jan & Hubert van Eyck: Flemish painters & brothers
Developed the technique of painting in oils
Painted scenes from the Bible & everyday life

30. Madonna by Jan van Eyck, 1436

31. Northern Renaissance cont….
Albrecht Durer: German, combined detail with Italian theories
Writers
Erasmus: The Praise of Folly attacked abuses
The Elizabethan Age & William Shakespeare

32. Albrecht Durer, 1471 – 1528

33. Erasmus, 1466 – 1536

34. The Praise of Folly, 1509

35. “Age of Shakespeare” / “Elizabethan Era”
1623 Engraving
Chandos Portrait
Cobbe Portrait
“Age of Shakespeare” / “Elizabethan Era”