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Macromolecules
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Learning Target Students will describe the basic molecular structure & function of the 4 macromolecules: -
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What is a Macromolecule?
Macromolecules are large molecules found in all living things. They contain chains of carbon atoms bonded to other elements. They are also called Organic Compounds. Macromolecules are composed of individual molecules called Monomers.
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There are 4 types of Macromolecules
1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic Acids
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1) Carbohydrates Monomer: sugars Function:
To serve as a source of energy, provide structure Ex: bread, pasta, fruits
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Molecular Structure of Carbohydrate
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2) Lipids (fats/waxes) Monomer: fatty acids Function:
store energy, make cell membranes Ex. fat, wax, steroids(cholesterol) Fact: Don’t dissolve in water
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Molecular Structure of Lipids:
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Phospholipid
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Another Lipid - Phospholipid
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3) Proteins Monomer: amino acids Function:
To provide structure, stimulate chemical processes (like digestion) Ex: meat, eggs, collagen, antibodies, hemoglobin (in blood)
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Molecular Structure of Proteins
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hydrogen bond Hemoglobin
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Where are Proteins found?
1. The protein collagen is found in skin, ligaments, tendons, and bones (called “repair” proteins) 2. Specialized proteins that help our muscles to contract. 3. Proteins called “antibodies” defend our body against infection.
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4) Nucleic Acids Monomer: a nucleotide Function:
To store genetic info & info to build proteins Ex: DNA & RNA
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Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acid
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A Macromolecule Miniquiz
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Choose the Macromolecule that matches each statement or phrase.
A. Carbohydrates B. Lipids C. Proteins D. Nucleic Acids
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This macromolecule is a source of energy and structure for the body.
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answer A. Carbohydrate
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2. The monomer ( building block ) of this macromolecule is an amino acid.
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ANSWER C. Protein
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3. Storing genetic information to build proteins is the function of this macromolecule.
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ANSWER D. Nucleic Acids
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4. this molecular diagram represents a monomer of which macromolecule.
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ANSWER A. Carbohydrate
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5. This macromolecule stores energy and makes up part of the cell membrane.
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ANSWER B. Lipid
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6. Which macromolecule is this monomer from?
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ANSWER D. Nucleic Acid
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7. You would find this macromolecule in meat, eggs, collagen, and antibodies?
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ANSWER C. Proteins
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8.Bread, pasta and fruits are examples of this macromolecule.
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ANSWER A. Carbohydrate
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9. DNA and RNA are examples of this macromolecule.
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ANSWER D. Nucleic Acid
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10. Sugar and starch are examples of this macromolecule.
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ANSWER A. Carbohydrates
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11. This is what the molecular diagram if this macromolecule looks like.
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ANSWER B. Lipid
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12. The monomer of this macromolecule is a nucleotide.
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ANSWER D. Nucleic acid
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13. Fats and Cholesterol are examples of this macromolecule.
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ANSWER B. Lipid
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14. The monomer for this macromolecule is an amino acid.
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ANSWER C. Protein
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15. This molecular diagram represents a monomer of this macromolecule.
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ANSWER C. Protein
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16. This macromolecule is made up of monomers called fatty acids.
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ANSWER B. Lipid
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Left Side Output Make a list of the food you have eaten in the last 24 hours. Classify them into one of the following: Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids
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