1. Behavioral Psychology: Learning and Human Nurture
Noorudean Tohmeh
Mazen Hasan
Ahmad Al- Katat
Mohammed Al-Ghamdi

2. Introduction
Behavioral Psychology: One of the six perspectives, which emerged in the early twentieth century as a reaction to Cognitive Psychology.
The behavioral perspective completely throws the mind out of the equation and considers only visible actions a part of psychology.

3. Big Names
Throughout the course of this presentation we will be mentioning the names of a few significant figures in the field of behavioral psychology.

4. John B. Watson
An American psychologist who established the psychological school of behaviorism.
Through his behaviorist approach, Watson conducted research on animal behavior, child rearing, and advertising. In addition, he conducted the controversial "Little Albert" experiment.

5. Burrhus F. Skinner
American psychologist, behaviorist, author, inventor, and social philosopher.
Skinner invented the operant conditioning chamber, innovated his own philosophy of science called radical behaviorism, and founded his own school of experimental research psychology.

6. Introduction
According to John Watson, Nurture trumps nature. What that means is that nurture has much more effect over behavior.
Behaviorists only consider psychology a science if it completely ignored the subjective mental processes that go on in our minds, because you cannot study them scientifically. However, you can observe and record behavior.

7. Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning: Is a form of behavioral learning in which previously neutral stimulus acquires the power to elicit the same innate reflex produced by another stimulus.
Noorudean tohmeh

8. Pavlov’s Dog
Noorudean tohmeh

9. Stimulus Generalization
Stimulus generalization is the tendency for the conditioned stimulus to evoke similar responses after the response has been conditioned.
Example: A child who’s afraid of a stuffed white rabbit, will most likely be afraid of a stuffed white rat.
This was proved in the “Little Albert” experiment.

10. Stimulus Discrimination
Stimulus discrimination is the tendency to discriminate or differentiate between similar stimuli.
Example: Saying an inappropriate joke to a friend, rather than your grandfather.
Noorudean tohmeh

11. A Challenge to Pavlov
The concept of “Biological Predisposition” is obvious in most of us. Having certain tastes is simply wired in us, rather than conditioned.
Example: Not liking a certain food has more to do with your NATURE than your NURTURE.
Noorudean tohmeh

12. Why This Matters We can use classical conditioning for good reasons.
Fearing poisonous plants and foods has been conditioned in human beings since ancient times.
Noorudean tohmeh

13. Continuous vs intermittent reinforcement
Continuous reinforcement is used when you want to teach an animal or a person a new skill
Intermittent is used to prevent extinction of the skill tought
Mohammed Al-
Ghamdi

14. Reinforcement and punishment
Reinforcement increases the probability of a chosen behavior to occur again
Punishment decreases the probability of a chosen behavior to occur again
Mohammed Al-
Ghamdi

15. Proper uses of punishments
Punishments should be swift
Punishments should be certain
Punishments shouldn’t give mixed messages to the punished person
The most effective punishment is negative punishment
Mohammed Al-
Ghamdi

16. Using psychology to learn psychology
Reinforcing tedious activities with enjoyable ones will increase the positive mentality towards the tedious activity
Mohammed Al-
Ghamdi

17. Social learning or observational learning
This theory discussed the human learning that takes place as individuals abstract information from observing the behavior of others.
Bandura based his theory on the acquisition of complex behaviors on a triangular diagram illustrating the interactive effect of various factors.
Ahmed Alkatat

18. Effects of media violence
Media effects theories in modern times originated with Bandura's social learning theory.
The theory suggests that children may learn aggression from viewing others.
Ahmed Alkatat

19. Observational learning applied to social problems
Television is one of the most powerful sources of observational learning.
Psychological theory and research can make a significant difference in people’s lives.
Ahmed Alkatat

20. Insight learning Kohler experiments Kohler observation
Mazen hasan

21. Cognitive Map Mental images– Not behaviors
Learning without reinforcement
The significance of Tolman’s work
Mazen hasan

22. Does punishment ever work
Can anxiety towards exams be cured?

23. Thank you for listening
Feel free to ask questions