2. Fatima mohammed Abedalwahab An-Najah National University
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Ephedra alata Decne (alanda) plant
Fatima mohammed Abedalwahab
Lecture
Pharmacy department
An-Najah National University

3. Research objectives
Isolation of different extracts from Ephedra alata Decne (alanda)
Qualitative and quantitative Phytochemical screening for active ingredients in these extracts.
Investigating the antioxidant activity of this extract
using DPPH free radical scavenging assay.
Investigating the antibacterial activity of this plant
against different strains of microorganisms.

4. alanda plant description
Ephedra alata Decne (Latin scientific name)
Alanda (Arabic common name)
Family: Ephedraceae
The native land for this species is Algeria, Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Morocco.
perennial genus of non flowering seed herb with light green densely branched dioecious small and perennial stiff shrub, about cm

5. Alanda plant in the folk medicine
Stimulant as energy drink
Treatment for UTI problems
Relief asthma attack
Digestive system disorders
Chewing plant stems for treatment of bacterial and fungal infections

6. Experimental examination for phytochemicals
In alanda plant

7. Soxhlet extraction

8. Qualitative Phytochemical Tests
compounds
Aqueous extract
Methanol extract
Acetone extract
Ethanol extract
Cardiac glycosides
+++ - +
Saponin glycoside
Alkaloids
++++
Amino acids
Starch
Reducing sugars
Phenols ++
Volatile oil
Tannin
Steroids
Flavonoid

9. Quantitative Total phenol &Total flavonoid Determination
Gallic acid as reference for TPC
Gallic acid concentration (mg/ml)
Absorbance (mean value) at λmax =765nm
0.0312
0.241
0.0468
0.348
0.0625
0.393
0.125
0.922
0.25
2.021

10. Rutin as reference for TFC
Rutin concentration (μg/ml)
Absorbance (mean value) at λmax =415
0.3
0.143
0.6
0.197
1.2
0.213
2.4
0.344 6
0.563

11. Quantitative Total phenol & Total flavonoid Determination
E. alata extract
Total phenolic content (mg GA/g) ±SD
Total flavonoid content (mg RU/g) ±SD
Aqueous extract
---
0.519 ±0.09
Methanol extract
47.62 ±0.94
54.66 ±0.12
Ethanol extract
±0.625
5.44 ±0.625
Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of different Ephedra alata extracts

12. Experimental examination for antioxidant activity
Of alanda plant

13. DPPH scavenging assay
After reduction of
Free radical by alata

14. % inhibition by Trolox ±SD % inhibition by Ephedra alata ±SD
Result for antioxidant activity
Conc
µg/ml
% inhibition by Trolox ±SD
% inhibition by Ephedra alata ±SD 1
38.65 ±1.08
29.14 ±1.11 2
47.55 ±1.34
29.38 ±1.72 3
52.09 ±1.05
32.09 ±1.28 5
64.19 ±1.32
32.09 ±0.96 7
64.19 ±1.83
33.33 ±1.21 10
69.38 ±1.33
38.76 ±1.53 20
76.29 ±2.12
43.46 ±1.65 30
81.23 ±1.43
46.17 ±1.77 40
92.1 ±1.65
71.36 ±1.21 50
96.05 ±1.40
73.83 ±1.43 80
98.02 ±1.87
73.83 ±1.11
100
98.32 ±1.58
75.02 ±1.67
IC50= µg/ml for Ephedra alata
IC50= 3.6 µg/ml for Trolox standard.

15. Antibacterial activity evaluation

16. Result after micro dilution method
MIC (mg/ml)
Bacterial Isolates
Nonpolar column
Polar extract
Nonpolar extract
PC3
PC2
PC1 41
250
4.1
54.5
2.5 15
S. aureus (ATCC )
No inhibition
218
0.32
960
E. coli (ATCC )
125
109
5.1
120
P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853)
240
MRSA

17. Conclusion
The Phytochemical screening showed that the Ephedra alata plant extract contain a mixture of phytochemicals as cardiac glycosides, reducing sugars, flavonoid, phenolic compounds and alkaloids.
The quantitative total flavonoids and total phenol screening indicated that the methanolic plant extract has the highest contents of flavonoids and phenols
DPPH assay showed that the plant has potent antioxidant activity which can be further subjected for the isolation of the therapeutically active compounds with anticancer potency.
The aqueous extract showed potent antibacterial effect comparing to organic extract especially E.coli bacterial strain