1. Deutscher Wetterdienst
Results from the GSN Monitoring Centre at DWD for 2015 and Christiana Lefebvre
Deutscher Wetterdienst
5th CBS Lead Centres for GCOS Coordination Meeting, Cambridge/UK , 7 – 9 September 2016

2. Outline GSNMC data base Monitoring results in 2015 and 2016
Integration of CLIMATs in BUFR format
Reception
Timeliness
QC and data quality of CLIMAT reports in 2016
Temperature elements
Precipitation total
Countries reporting CLIMAT in BUFR
Website of GSNMC
Outlook and Conclusions
5th CBS Lead Centres for GCOS Coordination Meeting, Cambridge/UK
7 - 9 September 2016

3. GSN Data Base
Monititoring of CLIMAT reports for GSN stations is based on stations reported in ASCII format FM71 and BUFR format (since 2015)
Number of GSN stations: 1040 in 2011
1023 in 2012
1018 in 2013
1017 in 2014, 2015, 2016

4. GSNMC Monitoring Results 2014-2016
Global reception rate: %
+- RA V SW Pacific (stable at 80-85%)
+- RA III South America (mostly %)
+- Antarctica (technical problems with timeliness)
+ RA I Africa (increase to mostly %)
+ RA VI Europe ( increase to about 90 %)
+- RA II Asia (stable at about 90 %)
+ RA IV North/Central Amer. (mostly %)

5. GSNMC Monitoring Results 2014-2016
Problem in October 2015 causing the GSNMC routine to abort and a delay in the final reports:
1 Report without month-year-id CLIMAT ///// (Station 33791)

6. Integration of CLIMAT in BUFR into GSN Monitoring
Then: Sweden returned to send CLIMAT in ASCII format from May onward

7. Reception rate at DWD in 2015
Number of GSN stations: 2017

8. Reception rate at JMA in 2015
JMA receives less GSN Stations from parts of Europe

9. Reception rate at DWD and JMA in 2016
Number of reports from Mozambique improved

10. GSNMC Monitoring Results 2015 to 2016
Arrival rate from August 2015 to July 2016 at JMA, at DWD, and in total

11. GSNMC Monitoring Results Aug. 2015 to July 2016
Timeliness: Arrival rate day 1-5, day 6-8, day 9-20
On the global scale about 77 % of the GSN CLIMATs are received by the 8th day of the subsequent month (WMO, 1997a) and about 11 % thereafter

12. GSNMC Monitoring Results 2015
RA I: Africa
RA II: Asia
RA III: South America
RA IV: North/Central America
RA V: South West Pacific
RA VI: Europe
Timeliness of the CLIMAT reports for the GSN stations overall and by region based on harmonized incoming CLIMATs at both GSNMCs over the period January to December 2015

13. Data Quality in 2015
Rate of erroneous data (flag 4 and 5) for temperature elements and precipitation total reported in CLIMAT reports in 2015 for the different regions and overall

14. QC results for mean air temperature 2005-2015
QC-flags:
5 – deleted after manual QC
4 – manually corrected
3 – ok in manual QC
2 – accepted by auto QC
1 – not controlled
RA I RA II RA III RA IV RA V RA VI Antarctica Global
QC-flags of mean air temperature (%) in CLIMAT reports for the GSN stations
for the different WMO RA’s and overall for the years 2005 to 2015 (left to right bar)
--> Only 0.7 % of the mean air temperature data were erroneous (flag 4 and 5)
4th CBS Lead Centres for GCOS Meeting, Santiago/Chile 2013
October 2013

15. QC results for precipitation 2005-2015
QC-flags:
5 – deleted after manual QC
4 – manually corrected
3 – ok in manual QC
2 – accepted by auto QC
1 – not controlled
RA I RA II RA III RA IV RA V RA VI Antarctica Global
QC-flags of precipitation data (%) in CLIMAT reports for the GSN stations
for the different WMO RA’s and overall for the years 2005 to 2015 (left to right bar)
Increase of precipitation data that were erroneous to 9,4 % (flag 4 and 5)

16. Remarks on QC and Data Quality
The error rate (flags 4 + 5) is much higher for precipitation data (9.4%) than for mean air temperature (0.%)
On the other hand most of these errors in the monthly precipitation data can be attributed to the known “factor 10” problem (precipitation amounts reported in 1/10 mm instead of mm) or a coding error (coding monthly precipitation totals <1 mm as ), which in almost all cases can be corrected to 1 mm (especially Mongolia, parts of China)
The rate of erroneous precipitation data that can not be corrected (flag 5) increased to 1.5 % while the amount of erroneous mean temperature data decreased to 0.4 %, compared to the previous year.
4th CBS Lead Centres for GCOS Meeting, Santiago/Chile 2013
October 2013

17. Countries, reporting CLIMATs in BUFR
ALGERIA
ARGENTINA
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA (ADDITIONAL ISLANDS)
AUSTRIA
BELARUS
BENIN
BURKINA FASO
CAMEROON
CHAD
CHILE
COLOMBIA
COMOROS
CONGO
COTE D'IVOIRE
CROATIA
CYPRUS
CZECH REPUBLIC
DEMOCR. REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
DETACHED ISLANDS
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
FRANCE
FRENCH GUIANA
FRENCH POLYNESIA (AUSTRAL ISLANDS)
FRENCH POLYNESIA (MARQUESAS ISLANDS)
FRENCH POLYNESIA (SOCIETY ISLANDS)
FRENCH POLYNESIA (TUAMOTU ISLANDS AND GAMBIER ISLA
GABON
GERMANY
GIBRALTAR
GUADELOUPE, ST MARTIN, ST BARTHELEMY (AND OTHER FR
HONG KONG, CHINA
HUNGARY
INDONESIA
IRELAND
ISLANDS
ISRAEL

18. Countries, reporting CLIMATs in BUFR
ISLANDS
ISRAEL
ITALY
JAPAN
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
MADAGASCAR
MADEIRA
MALI
MARTINIQUE
MAURITANIA
NETHERLANDS
NEW CALEDONIA
NEW ZEALAND
NIGER
NORWAY
OCEAN ISLANDS
PAKISTAN
PHILIPPINES
POLAND
PORTUGAL
ROMANIA
SAUDI ARABIA
SENEGAL
SERBIA
SINGAPORE
SLOVAKIA
SPAIN
SPAIN (CANARY ISLANDS)
SPAIN (CEUTA AND MELILLA)
SWEDEN
SWITZERLAND AND LICHTENSTEIN
TOGO
TUNISIA
TURKEY
UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND

19. Countries, reporting CLIMATs in BUFR
STATIONS OPERATED BY AUSTRALIA
STATIONS OPERATED BY CHILE
STATIONS OPERATED BY CHINA
STATIONS OPERATED BY INDIA
STATIONS OPERATED BY ITALY
STATIONS OPERATED BY JAPAN
STATIONS OPERATED BY NORWAY
STATIONS OPERATED BY THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA
STATIONS OPERATED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
STATIONS OPERATED BY THE U.S.A.
STATIONS OPERATED BY THE U.S.A. (UNIVERSITY OF WIS.)
STATIONS OPERATED BY THE UNITED KINGDOM
About 83

20. Website of GSNMC: http://www.gsnmc.dwd.de

22. Update of the GSNMC Website
Initiated by the CBS-LC-GCOS with funding of DWD
Target:
Improve the provision of monitoring results, that include:
CLIMAT in BUFR format
Later cut-off date
All RBCN stations
Figures in png format (no longer svg)
Information about correctness of month-year- identifier

23. Conclusion and Outlook
There is an increasing number of countries reporting CLIMAT in BUFR code besides ASCII format. Sweden, that turned to disseminate BUFR CLIMATs only in 2014 switched over to generate also ASCII since April 2015
A redesign of the GSNMC homepage is started at DWD but will take at least the following two years due to restricted funding.

24. Many thanks Modernisierungsrate steigern – 9. Mai 2012
Christiana Lefebvre: Das Wetter von morgen