1. National Conference on Agriculture for Rabi Campaign, Group –IV Interventions to increase Oilseeds, Pulses Production in different ecologies
Date : Sept
Venue: National Agriculture Science Centre
Pusa Complex, New Delhi
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE & CANE DEVELOPMENT
GOVERNMENT OF JHARKHAND

2. JHARKHAND STATE PROFILE
Area in % Area in Lakhs Ha
* Total Geographical Area :
* Total Cultivable Land :
* Net Sown Area : 28.08%
* Current Fallow : 11.12% 8.87
* Other Fallow : 08.46% 6.75
* Forest : 29.20% 23.28
* Barren Lands : 7.20% 5.74
* Non – Agricultural Use : 8.60% 6.86
* Pasture and Other Grazing
Land : 2.48% 1.97
* Cultivable Waste Land : 3.44% 2.74
* Irrigated land : 12.73% 3.007
* Cropping Intensity : 116%

3. Average Normal rainfall -1200 to 1300 mm
Rainfall during June to Sept -80 % of total Rainfall
Present Trend of Rainfall - Rainfall delayed & Late onset of Monsoon
Upto 20th Sept 2013

4. Rainfall…..monthly distribution

5. Rainfall during April to Sept.(mm)
S No.
Year
Source : Directorate of Agril.
Source : IMD, Ranchi
Normal
Actual 1
992.1
820.7
1148.1
823.8 2
April
12.4
20.9
22.30 3
May,
42.2
78.7
44.9 4
June
167.7
162.9
196.6 5
July
276.1
197.4
327.0 6
Aug
273.5
266.3
322.5 7
21st Sept,13
220.2
94.5
234.8
97.6

6. Land Situation Total Cultivable Land - 38 lakh ha
Area under Kharif lakh ha
Area under Rabi Lakh ha
Upland Rice Area Lakh ha
Rice Fallow Area Lakh ha
There is a potential of taking Pulses & Oilseeds in Lakh ha of Rice-Fallow area.

7. APY of Cereals, Pulses, Oilseeds and others
Area in ‘000 ha Production in ‘000 tonnes Yield in kg/ha
Crop A P Y
Cereals
1934
1494
1474
Pulses (Kharif)
589
649
673
Rabi
580
814
127.02
984
Total
584
728
770
Oilseeds
(Kharif)
29.816
21.179
710
23.884
13.944
583
54.693
32.78
599
52.127
518
64.931
552
80.880
635
73.306
561
78.875
558
113.66
624
Others
16940 --
Crop * A P Y
Cereals
2975
2415
1187
Pulses (Kharif)
848
936
981
Pulses
(Rabi)
989
1666
Total
492.25
913
1220 -
Oilseeds (Kharif)
29.173
25.120
861
35.566
32.357
909
Rabi
653
773
679
794
Others
6.607
69215
* 1st Advance estimate

8. Coverage of Kharif and Rabi Pulses in ‘000 ha

9. Production of Kharif and Rabi Pulses in ‘000 Tonnes

10. Coverage of Kharif and Rabi Oilseeds in ‘000 ha

11. Production of Kharif and Rabi Oilseeds in ‘000 Tonnes

12. APY of different Pulses Crops
Area in ‘000 ha Production in ‘000 tonnes Yield in kg/ha
Crop A P Y
Arhar
63.717
616
61.181
53.277
870
71.156
685
Urad
86.417
50.558
585
63.177
35.079
650
89.592
71.856
802
Moong
14.601
8.541
584
14.044
7.724
550
46.891
23.473
500
Kulthi
13.98
6.08
435
36.575
22.759
622
29.402
17.015
578
Bengal Gram
89.535
80.309
896
63.001
57.59
913
69.924
73.536
1052
Masur
19.514
15.803
809
42.726
34.461
806
20.939
17.210
822
Pea
25.808
34.901
1352
24.097
21.311
884
36.157
34.210
946
Crop * A P Y
Arhar
914
1039
1120
Urad
99.591
88.851
892
95.962
86.812
905
98.452
86.638
880
Moong
17.261
11.682
696
25.497
16.068
630
20.960
11.738
560
Kulthi
15.772
9.460
625
11.253
6.634
590 -
Bengal Gram
1036
1847
Masur
50.030
42.235
844
38.465
44.109
1147
Pea
41.505
46.315
1116
23.997
48.193
2008
* 1st Advance Estimate

13. Coverage of different Pulses crops (’000 ha)

14. Productivity Chart of Arhar, Urad, Moong & Kulthi Unit in Kg/ha

15. Productivity Chart of Arhar, Urad, Moong & Kulthi Unit in Kg/ha

16. Productivity (Kg/ha) Chart of Pea, Bengal Gram, Masur

17. Popular varieties under Pulses
Sl. No.
Crop
Varieties 1.
Arhar
Bahar, Birsa Arhar-1, UPAS-120, ICPL (Asha), ICPL (Laxmi), ICPH- 2671, Narandra - 1 2.
Black Gram (Urad)
T9, Pant U-19, Pant U-30, Birsa Urad-1, Pant U-40 3.
Green Gram (Moong)
Pusa Vishal, SML- 668, K-851, PDM – 139, TM-37 4.
Horse Gram (Kulthi)
Birsa Kulthi-1, Madhu, A. K. -21, A. K. -42 5.
Chickpea (Gram)
BG-372, Pant G -114, Pusa -256, Kranti (ICCU-37), KWR -108, KPG-59, H.K.– , KAK-2 6.
Lentil (Masur)
PL-406, PL – 639, KLS – 218, K- 75, HUL - 57 7.
Pea
DDR-23, Pusa Prabhat , Malviya Matar – 15

18. Seed Production Status (Pulses)
Year
Crop
Production in Qtls
Arhar
2450 qtls
Lentil
25 qtls
Gram
250 qtls
Total
2725 qtls
1410 qtls
1000 qtls
500 qtls
2910 qtls *
17184 qtls
Blackgram
1540 qtls
Moong
1496 qtls
26500 qtls
4000 qtls
Pea
8800 qtls
59520 qtls
* Targeted

19. APY of different oilseed crops
Area in ‘000 ha Production in ‘000 tonnes Yield in kg/ha
Crop A P Y
Groundnut
21.962
18.399
837
14.215
10.732
754
25.531
23.340
914
Niger
2.601
0.949
364
4.601
1.574
342
24.572
7.826
318
Sesamum
4.018
1.343
334
4.284
1.328
311
4.428
1.555
351
Mustard
66.921
36.232
541
96.256
55.695
578
72.371
653
Linseed
29.603
13.425
453
8.464
426
15.873
8.163
514
Crop * A P Y
Groundnut
25.160
27.984
1112
22.404
26.272
1173
23.034
26.719
1160
Niger
7.491
3.896
520
4.600
2.420
526
1.005
0.583
580
Sesamum
7.681
2.771
361
8.247
2.921
354
7.804
5.300
680
Mustard
635
791
Linseed
25.082
13.434
536
25.664
16.405
639
* 1ST Advance Estimate

20. Coverage of different Oilseed crops (‘000 ha)

21. Productivity (Kg/ha) Chart of Groundnut, Niger, Sesamum

22. Productivity (Kg/ha) Chart of Mustard and Linseed

23. Popular varieties under Oilseeds
S No.
Crop
Varieties 1.
Groundnut
Birsa Bold , A. K , BG-1, BG-2, GG-13 2.
Til
Kanke Safed, Krishna, N-25 3.
Soybean
Brag, Birsa Soybean -1, J.S. -335, Birsa Safed Soybean-2, J-J 4.
Toria
Toria-T9, PT-303, Panchali, Vardan 5.
Rai/ Mustard
Kranti, Pusa Bishal, Shivani, Pusa Bold 6.
Niger
Birsa Niger-1, Birsa Niger-2, Birsa Niger-3 7.
Linseed
T 397, Shekhar, Sweta, Shubhra

24. Requirement & Availability of Seeds under Pulses & Oilseeds
Kharif, 2013
Crop
Requirement in Qtls
Availability in Qtl
Deficit in qtl
(-)
Arhar
17184
1175
16089
Moong
748 -
Urad
2304
563.8
Soyabean
1822 --
Tori
1295

25. Requirement & Availability of Seeds under Pulses & Oilseeds
Rabi,
Crop
Requirement in Qtls
Availability in Qtls *
Deficit (-)
Bengal Gram
18750
10415
8335
Pea
6000
6750
(+) 750
Masur
8605
(+) 2605
Mustard
9012
6560
2452
Linseed
1350
120
1230

26. Procurement of Pulses & Oilseeds
No procurement of Pulses and Oilseed till last year.
Effort for procurement of pulses & oilseed is undertaken during
NAFED (Central Govt. Agency) tie-up for procurement.
VEGFED (State level Agency) engaged for procurement through PACs/ LAMPs
District wise target for procurement of Pulses / Oilseed finalized on the basis of production.
Dy. Commissioner of concerned district designated to oversees the procurement process.
ATMA & other agencies are involved for awareness programme for procurement.
1036 qtls Urad was procured during
To discuss with DS

27. Concerns in Oilseeds & Pulses
Continued dependence of oilseeds on rainfed production system
Non availability of quality seeds of improved varieties
Poor crop nutrition
Sub-optimal and imbalanced use of major nutrients
Minimal use of secondary and micronutrients
New biotic threats:
Inefficient processing
Inadequate marketing support and non-remunerative prices

28. Area Expansion Past growth – 49% contributed by area expansion
51% by productivity improvement
Area expansion in oilseed and Pulses crops which have
Shown higher growth rate of productivity due to technological development
Whose relative prices with competing crops have moved in their favour
Higher growth rates combined with higher prices resulting in sharp increases in total profitability
Area Expansion

29. Area Expansion
Use of fallow / barren land under pulses and oilseed through land reclamation and use of INM.
Rice – fallow be used with short duration pulses & oilseed crops.
Under remmunerative cropping system oilseed and pulses crop be used as catch crop or relay crop.
Crop intensification in underutilized farming situations like rice -fallows
Intercropping in widely spaced crops
Situations of limited water availability
As options under contingency planning and as catch crops
Replacement of less-remunerative crops
Promotion of oilseed and Pulses crops in saline and acid soils
Crop diversification in rice-rice and rice-wheat system areas

30. Enhancing Oilseeds & Pulses Productivity
A combination of land saving technologies involving :
- High yielding varieties/hybrids
- Balanced and integrated crop nutrition
- Efficient crop management
- Integrated pest management
- Mechanisation

31. Nutrient Management in Oilseeds & Pulses
Oilseeds & Pulses are energy rich crops grown under energy starved conditions
Good response to major, (N, P, K); secondary (S) and micronutrients (Zn, B, Mo)
Need for fertilizer management on a cropping system basis for high use efficiency

32. Biofertilizers in Oilseed & Pulses Production
Seed innoculation with Rhizobium in pulses and Some oilseeds (Groundnut and Soybean) to save kg N /ha.
Seed treatment with Azospirillum and Azotobacter saves 20 to 30 kg N/ha in sesame, mustard, sunflower and safflower
Application of phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB) mobilizes fixed P in soil and reduces P requirement

33. Irrigation More than 77% of oilseeds & Pulses area is rainfed
Water requirements of oilseeds & Pulses are low as compared to cereals
Productivity of most oilseed & Pulses crops can almost be doubled with just one or two irrigations during critical stages
Diversify with oilseed and Pulses crops when water supplies are limited

34. Efficient Crop Management
Low cost and no cost technologies
Crop rotation to improve soil health and to reduce pest build up
Soil and moisture conservation measures
Timely planting
Adequate plant stand through adjustment in seed rate and thinning
Timely weed management to reduce crop weed competition
Need based plant protection with bioagents and biopesticides
Promotion of PGPR like Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, PSB, etc.
Liming in acid soil to improve crop productivity.

35. Important Insect Pests and Diseases of Oilseed Crops
Groundnut
Leaf Spot
Bud Necrosis
Root Grub
Spodoptera
Rapeseed-Mustard
Alternaria
White rust
Aphid
Soybean
Tobacco caterpillar
Girdle beetle grub
Green semilooper
Sunflower
Capitulum borer
Alternaria leaf blight
Necrosis
Contd…

36. Important Insect Pests and Diseases of Pulses Crops
Pigeonpea
Pod borer
Wilt
Sterlity mosaic
Black gram
Hairy catter pillar
Sucking insect
Pod borer
Leaf wrinkle
Yellow mosaic
Chickpea
Pod borer
Wilt
Pea
Pod borer
Powdary mildew
Rust

37. Managing Insect Pests and Diseases
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices have been standardised involving resistant varieties, biocontrol agents, biopesticides and need-based use of chemicals
Additional benefit with IPM ranges from Rs /ha to Rs. 7600/ha in different oilseed & Pulses crops

38. Preparedness for monitoring and Surveillance of insects, pests and diseases
To keep surveillance on insect pest and diseases infestation in pulses and oilseed crops following arrangement may be made on the pattern of NFSM – A3P Pulses programme.
Selection of farmers facilitator / Scout one at every 100 ha area.
Weekly report about occurrence of insect, pest & diseases by farmers facilitator / Scout under his area.
Monitoring by ADO’s at block level (1000 ha) area.
Constitution of Disaster Management Group at district level.

39. Strategy for enhancing Cost Benefit Ratio in Pulses and Oilseeds for making crops more profitable
Selection of area specific suitable crop variety.
Use of higher yield potential crop varieties.
Use of INM and IPM to increase productivity.
To ensure one or two irrigation at critical growth stages.
Proper marketing facility to fetch higher profitability in local market.
Arrangement for 100% seed treatment / seed innoculation.

40. Innovative technology to be taken at farmers field during Rabi - 2013-14
Arrangement for 100% seed treatment / seed inoculation.
Use of Sulphur at 20kgs/ha.
Use of raingun to provide irrigation at critical growth stages.
Incentive to farmers for INM/IPM.
Incentive for farm mechanization.

41. Future Research Thrusts
Yield enhancement with resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses
Developing varieties suitable for different seasons/ situations
Hybrid development and seed production technology
Biotechnological approaches

42. Road Map for Oilseed & Pulses Sector
Expand oilseed and Pulses area
Rice fallows and non-traditional areas
Intercropping
Crop diversification
Effective technology dissemination for enhancing productivity
Quality seed of improved varieties
Balanced crop nutrition
Protective irrigation
Effective crop management
Integrated pest management
Provide favorable policy back up
Decontrol of traditional oilseeds and Pulses from small scale sector to enhance efficiency of processing
Effective market interventions
Favourable trade policy

43. Policy Interventions Favourable Policy Framework
Improving Production and Productivity of Oilseeds & Pulses in India
Favourable Policy Framework
(Processing, Marketing, Trade)
Area Expansion
Replacing non-remunerative crops
Rice fallows
Intercropping
Problem areas
Contingency plans
Water scarce situations
Value addition as an incentive
Diversification in Rice-Wheat System
Productivity Improvement
Quality seed
Protective irrigation
Increased fertilizer use
(major, secondary and micro nutrients)
Farm mechanisation
Efficient crop management
Effective technology transfer
Over coming biotic/abiotic stresses
through novel approaches (long-term)

44. Issues for consideration
A3P unit of Rabi pulses demonstration in each NFSM (Pulses) district.
Govt. of India is requested to include the state in oilseed programme.
Increase of allocation under pulses (NFSM – Pulses) programme.

45. THANK YOU