1. Coal heating; Global and regional perspective, data gaps and other challenges
Z. Klimont
Summit on Black Carbon and Other Emissions from Combined Cooking+Heating and Coal Heating Stoves
A joint initiative of the CCAC, ICCI, GACC, and the Government of Poland
May , 2017, Warsaw, Poland

2. Activity data and technology structure
International and national energy statistics do not provide the necessary detail to allocate residential coal use to stoves/boilers/larger-boilers
Is the coal used in stoves and its characteristics as in statistical data? Is coal the only fuel used in these stoves/boilers?
Technology structure of residential coal heating often poorly or not known
Most models and even national inventories do not include this kind of details in emission calculation
Several global and regional energy projections estimate decline in residential coal use
We attempt to resolve residential sector into several subcategories drawing on a mixed bag of sources, e.g., peer reviewed papers, regional reports, communication with national and local experts, assuming similarities between regions, etc.

3. Global coal use in residential-commercial sector in 2010 Source: IEA (2015), GAINS
Category
Fuel use ( million tce)
Heating stoves 25
Heating boilers 8
Cooking stoves 78
Other 85
TOTAL
196

4. Global estimate of coal consumption for household combustion in stoves for space heating by country, Source: GAINS Model. Region ‘Other FSU’ includes Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan.

5. Global PM2.5 emissions, Tg Highlighting the role of residential combustion Source: GAINS model (IIASA); Baseline energy scenario from the World Energy Outlook 2011 (IEA)

6. Country contributions to total PM2
Country contributions to total PM2.5 emissions from household combustion of coal in stoves for space heating, in Source: GAINS model.

7. Country contributions to total BC emissions from household combustion of coal in stoves for space heating, in Source: GAINS model.

8. Percent contribution of coal heating stoves to total national PM2
Percent contribution of coal heating stoves to total national PM2.5 emissions (red) and residential combustion emissions (blue). Source: GAINS model. Region ‘Other FSU’ includes Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan.

9. Percent contribution of coal heating stoves to total national BC emissions (red) and residential combustion emissions (blue). Source: GAINS model. Region ‘Other FSU’ includes Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan.

10. Estimated change in BC emissions from household combustion of coal for space heating, A positive value indicates greater expected BC emissions in Source: GAINS model, IEA (2015)

11. Emissions of PM2.5 from residential combustion in the EU-28; Source: WHO (2015), GAINS

12. Emissions of BC from key sources in the EU-28; Source: WHO (2015), GAINS
Coal stoves and boilers

13. Regional distribution of mitigation by key measures; Source: GAINS model
BC [kt]

14. Impact of BC measures Change in 2030 anthropogenic emissions relative to the reference emissions of each compound; Source: GAINS model
Maximum reduction
Cumulative reduction of
all selected measures