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Legislative Branch.

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Presentation on theme: "Legislative Branch."— Presentation transcript:

1 Legislative Branch

2 Congressional Structure

3 Must reside in the State that they represent
Congress HOUSE SENATE Total people (2*50) %Pop # of Reps for state Per state 2 Yrs Length of terms Yrs Qualifications 25 Yrs Age Yrs 7 Yrs Citizen of US Yrs Must reside in the State that they represent

4 Terms and Sessions Congressional Term - 2 years
2 Sessions per term (each 1 year long) Work day: Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday. Working time: Noon to 5 – 6 o’clock. Recess = temporary break Special Session= Outside of regular hours Joint Session= Both House and Senate “State of the Union” Called by president

5 Determining Representatives
Census=Every 10 years to determine population Reapportion= Divide number of representatives between states Redistrict=when apportionment changes Gerrymander= drawing district lines based on some characteristic other than just population a) Cracking b) Packing

6 As of 2012 Prior to 2012

7 House of Representatives
Congress Senate Upper House House of Representatives Lower House President of Senate VP of USA Speaker of House Majority Leader President Pro Tempore Senior Ranking Member Of the Majority Party House Majority Floor Leader House Minority Leader Senate Majority Leader Senate Minority Leader House Majority Whip House Minority Whip Senate Majority Whip Senate Minority Whip 100 Senators 2 from each State 435 Representatives Elected by Population

8 Congressional Leadership

9 Leadership in the House of Representatives
SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Selected by the majority party Job: Presiding Officer of the House Power: Decides which committee a bill goes to. Paul Ryan (R-WI) Assumed role 2015

10 Leadership in the House of Representatives
SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Selected by the majority party Majority Leader Leads the majority party Job: Shepherds legislation Minority Leader Leads the minority party Job: Leads Opposition Kevin McCarthy R- CA Nancy Pelosi (D-Ca)

11 Leadership in the House of Representatives
SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE Selected by the majority party Majority Leader Minority Leader Majority Whip Job:Assists the leader, rounds up votes, heads large group of deputy and assistant whips. Minority Whip Job: Assists the leader, rounds up votes, heads large group of deputy and assistant whips. Steny Hoyer D-MD Steve Scalise R-LA

12 Georgia’s Representation
Georgia currently has 14 congressional districts. Wheeler’s current congressional district is the 6th represented by: Republican Serves on: Committees and Caucuses Congressman Tom Price

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14 Leadership in the United States Senate
PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE The Vice President of the United States Vice President Joe Biden Elected in 2008 Job: Presiding Officer of the Senate Power: Breaks tie in legislation. Otherwise does not vote.

15 Leadership in the United States Senate
PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE The Vice President of the United States PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE Selected by majority party. Usually most senior member of the Senate majority party Job: Presides over the Senate when the Vice President is absent. Vice President-Elect Mike Pence Orrin Hatch (R-UT)

16 Leadership in the United States Senate

17 Leadership in the United States Senate
Majority Leader Leads the majority party Job: Shepherds legislation Also plans the senate work schedule, assigns bills and senators to committees Minority Leader Leads the minority party Job: Leads Opposition                                    Harry Reid (D-NV) Mitch McConnell (R-KY)

18 Leadership in the United States Senate
Minority Whip Assist the Minority Leader Job: Makes sure legislators are present for key votes Majority Whip Assist the Majority Leader Job: Makes sure legislators are present for key votes                                    Richard Durbin D-IL John Cornyn R-TX

19 Georgia’s Representation
Senator Johnny Isakson Senator David Perdue AND

20 Congressional Rules and Benefits

21 Congressional Characteristics
Seniority – the most senior members get more choice of assignments (exists only in the senate) Specialization – committees consist of members who are experts in specific area of policy (ie. Docter on Health Com.) Reciprocity/logrolling - support for each others bill. (You vote in my bill, I’ll vote in your bill)

22 Privileges and Penalties
Congressional Immunity : ___________ Expel Members with 2/3rd vote. Censure Members Codes of Ethic

23 Compensation and Benefits
Salaries ($174, ). 27th Amendment allows the current Congress to increase the salary of those serving in the next Congressional Term Outside Income allowed Offices – In DC and at home Expense Accounts “Franking Privilege” Free Stationary and Postage

24 Compensation and Benefits Cont.
Computer service TV and radio broadcast Travel expenses Pension Plan and Retirement Income. Incumbent = helped to get reelected.

25 Congressional Powers

26 Congressional Powers I. Legislative Powers Sovereign Powers
Provide for common defense Make rules on citizenship Run Armed Services Declare War Govern Washington D.C.

27 Congressional Powers B. Financial power
Lay and collect taxes, borrow money, establish bankruptcy laws, Coin and print money, Punish counterfeiters Revenue Bills – tax bills must originate in the House (Ways and Means Committee) Appropriations bills – any law that authorizes congress to spend money National debt – total dollar amount owed by the goverment at any given time

28 Congressional Powers Cont.
2. Regulate Trade a. Duties – taxes on imports b. Excises – taxes on particular goods

29 Congressional Powers Cont.
C. Regulate Commerce Interstate commerce Foreign commerce Meaning of commerce – now it far exceeds just the buying and selling of products. Has allowed congress to control working conditions including minimum wage

30 Congressional Powers Non-Legislative Powers - SENATE
Advise and Consent Presidential Appointments (V.P., Justices, and Cabinet) Treaties with Foreign Nations Convict and Remove Federal Officials (2/3rds in Senate) III. Non-Legislative Powers - HOUSE Impeachment (Majority in House) Formal charge of wrongdoing

31 Congressional Powers IV. Non-Legislative Powers
A. Providing for the Nations Growth Naturalization – the process by which immigrants to the U.S. may become citizens. Authorize admission of new states Pass laws to govern territories Pass laws to govern federal property (military bases, govt. buildings)

32 Congressional Powers B. Amend the Constitution
C. Count Electoral Votes If no majority: the House will elect the President the Senate will elect the Vice President Gov. “Watchdog” – Hold the executive branch accountable for enforcing laws passed by Congress Congressional Powers

33 Other Legislative Powers
Grant copyrights – exclusive right to publish and sell a literary, musical, or artistic work for a specified period of time Grant patents - exclusive right of an inventor to manufacture, use and sell his or her invention for a specific period, currently 7 years

34 Congress & The Other Branches

35 Congress and The Judiciary
1. Establish Federal Courts 2. Set number of Supreme Court Justices 3. Set the Jurisdiction of the Federal Judiciary

36 Government Watchdog Power to investigate
Done by standing or select committees Lead to new legislation, changes in government programs, or removal of officials from office Have the power to subpoena witnesses, prosecute witnesses for perjury, or hold them in contempt if they refuse to testify Witnesses can be granted immunity

37 Government Watchdog Legislative Oversight
A continuing review of how effectively the executive branch carries out the laws that Congress passes Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 and 1970 “Each standing committee shall review and study, on a continuing basis, the application, administration and execution” of law in area of its responsibility

38 Government Watchdog Limitations on Legislative Oversight
First, lawmakers do not have enough staff, time, or money to effectively monitor the executive branch Second, lawmakers know that there are not many votes to be gained from most oversight activities Third, the language of some laws are too vague making it difficult to judge Finally, committees might, sometimes favor the federal agencies they oversee

39 Congress in Your Life… Make the Laws Oversight Inform us of the laws
Constituent services

40 Congress is Important! For Georgia! And for you!

41 Congressional Salaries
Position Salary Vice President $230,700 Delegates to the House of Representatives $174,000 Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico President pro tempore of the Senate $193,400 Majority leader and minority leader of the Senate Majority leader and minority leader of the House of Representatives Speaker of the House of Representatives $223,500

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