1. 1042-65 Reign of Edward the Confessor 1066 Battle of Hastings
Harold Godwineson Harold Hardrada
William of Normandy
Map Link: Dominions of William the Conqueror about 1087:
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williams_dominions_1087.jpg>

2. 1087 Death of William the Conqueror. William
II Rufus gets England, Robert gets Normandy
1100 William Rufus killed in New Forest
Reign of Henry I
Corps of royal justices
Employment of sheriffs
Treasurer and two chamberlains of the
exchequer at Winchester

3. Matilda, wife of Geoffrey of Anjou
Stephen of Blois (r )
Henry Plantagenet

4. Capetians Ile-de-France Philip I (r. 1060-1108)
Map Link: France about 1035:
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5. Reign of Louis the Fat
1125 Louis places Suger, Abbot of St Denis
(d. 1151) in charge of civil administration
1137 Marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine to
future Louis VII
Reign of Louis VII

6. 1152 Annulment of marriage of Louis VII and
Reign of Louis VII
1152 Annulment of marriage of Louis VII and
Eleanor of Aquitaine. Eleanor marries
Henry Plantagenet
1165 Louis VII and Adèle of Blois have a son,
Philip (II Augustus)
Map Link: France :
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7. Angevin Empire (Anjou) Taking control of nobility
Henry II (r )
Angevin Empire (Anjou)
Taking control of nobility
Increasing state income - scutage
Map Link: Angevin Empire:
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8. Constitutions of Clarendon, 1164:
Bishops to do homage for secular
lands before consecration
No appeals to pope by clergy without
royal permission
Clerics accused of criminal offenses to
be degraded by ecclesiastical court,
punished by royal court

9. Thomas Becket (Archbishop of Canterbury,)
“double jeopardy”

10. 1160s Henry institutes procedure to bring
cases to court even if the injured party
is unable to
1179 Henry expands use of juries
common law
Henry’s court as intellectual centre

11. 1189 Henry dies after defeated by Richard and
Philip II Augustus
Reign of Richard I Lionheart
Reign of King John

12. Kings Nobility Clergy
Map Link: The Holy Roman Empire under the Hohenstaufen, :
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roman_empire_1138_1254.jpg>

13. 1106-25 Reign of Henry V as Holy Roman
Emperor
Reign of (Welf) Lothar of Saxony
as Holy Roman Emperor
1137 Lothar designates Henry the Proud as
King of Germany, but electors choose
(Hohenstaufen) Conrad III (r )

14. Frederick I Barbarossa of Swabia
(Hohenstaufen, r ), relative
of (Welf) Henry the Lion of Saxony
and Bavaria
Franconia Burgundy S. Saxony

15. 1156 Frederick marries heiress to Burgundy,
then invades Lombardy
1157 Pope Adrian IV (p ) sends
letter to Frederick at Besançon
beneficium
Papacy of Alexander III

16. 1162 Frederick takes Milan
1167 Communes of Lombardy form Lombard
League
1176 Lombard League routs Frederick’s army
at Legnano
1177 Frederick makes peace with Lombard
League and Alexander III
1180 Frederick confiscates Henry the Lion’s fiefs

17. 1183 Frederick comes to agreement with
Lombard League
1190 Death of Frederick

18. 1085 Alphonso VI of León-Castile (r. 1065-1109) takes Toledo
al-murabitun (Almoravids)
Map Link: Spain, :
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19. Norman Sicily 1113-54 Reign of Roger II
Map Link: Kingdom of Sicily, 1154:
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20. Mid 12th c. English begin expanding into and settling in Ireland
Map Link: Island of Ireland, 1300:
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Ireland_1300.png>

21. 10th-13th c. Formation of kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden
Map Link: Europe in the 12th Century:
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europe_12thcentury_1884.jpg>

22. (Future) Russia Poland (after 1138)
Bohemia (part of Holy Roman Empire
by early 11th c., re-unified by
Otakar I (r ) in 1200)
Hungary Bulgaria Serbia

23. Kings needing support of nobility and clergy,
but achieved by various means (Sicily,
E. Europe, Holy Roman Empire)
Dangers to position (Frederick/Alexander III,
E. Europe, Poland)

24. Cappella Palatina, Palermo (bt. 1132-40)
Roger II (r )
muqarnas

25. Suger of St Denis (c )
Childhood friend of Louis VI. Monastic
education. Rose through ranks.
Elected Abbot of St Denis
Advisor to Louis VI and Louis VII. Regent of
France while Louis VII on Second Crusade
Vita Ludovici Grossi Regis

26. Henry of Huntingdon (c. 1080-1160)
Anglo-Norman chronicler. Son of archdeacon
of Huntingdon/canon of Lincoln
Cathedral
1110 Became archdeacon of Huntingdon
Wrote poetry, prose, Historia Anglorum
Used English, Norman French, Latin sources