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What caused the problems? Who is to blame? Laissez-faire; no gov’t regulation of business or society.

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Presentation on theme: "What caused the problems? Who is to blame? Laissez-faire; no gov’t regulation of business or society."— Presentation transcript:

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5 What caused the problems? Who is to blame?
Laissez-faire; no gov’t regulation of business or society.

6 How do we fix the problems?
Fix government Use modern ideas, science, and technology to make gov’t more efficient and effective

7 Who were the muckrakers?
Ida Tarbell —criticized unfair business practices like trusts. Wrote “History of Standard Oil”

8 Lincoln Steffens Shame of the Cities
Exposed corruption in urban politics.

9 Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives
Photographer, exposed poverty in NYC immigrant neighborhoods.

10 John Spargo The Bitter Cry of the Children
Child labor

11 Upton Sinclair The Jungle
Exposed unsanitary conditions in meat-packing industry

12 Progressive Campaigns
Government Commission Plan--new style of efficient city gov’t. Modern cities need experts, not politicians. City depts. should be run by professionals and led by a city manager.

13 Galveston Hurricane 1900 leaves 6000 dead and city ruined

14 Increased Democracy Wisconsin becomes the Laboratory of Democracy under Governor Robert La Follette Felt party bosses and political machines had too much influence. Direct primaries—party members vote for their party’s candidates Initiative, Referendum, and Recall 1. Initiative: citizens introduce legislation for vote 2. Referendum: citizens vote on legislation 3. Recall: special election to remove an official

15 17th Amendment Direct Election of Senators
citizens now vote for their Senators rather than state legislators appointing them. Removed influence of political machines and big business.

16 19th Amendment Women’s Suffrage
Leaders: Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia Mott Susan B. Anthony Julia Ward Howe Alice Paul Carrie Chapman Catt Tactics: marches, speeches, picketing, hunger strikes

17 th Amendment passes

18 Child Labor New laws passed that set minimum ages and maximum hours
Children’s Bureau (Taft) investigated child labor abuses Compulsory education laws required children to go to school

19 Health and Safety Codes
Called for new safety regulations and workers compensation Set zoning laws and building codes Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire in NYC 1911—150 women died trapped in building

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21 Temperance movement leads to to 18th Amendment
Temperance= moderation or elimination of alcohol Alcohol led to poverty and abuse Progressives wanted to remove the temptation.

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23 Regulating Big Business and the Economy
Sherman Anti-Trust Act —to break up large companies to restore competition Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) regulated big business Federal Trade Commission (FTC) —a watchdog agency to monitor business to ensure fair trade practices Clayton Anti-Trust Act —gave unions the right to exist

24 Federal Reserve Act 1913 a central bank system for US
Allowed the government to direct and guide the economy by controlling the amount of money in circulation and setting interest rates.

25 Is Socialism the answer?
Some Progressives believed the gov’t should own and operate major industry for the benefit of all Americans Eugene Debs ran for Pres in 1912 as the American Socialist Party candidate. Received almost 1 million votes!

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27 Consumer Safety 1906—in response to The Jungle, Congress passes:
Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act

28 Environmental Conservation
Managing our natural resources Newlands Reclamation Act 1902 – large scale irrigation and development Western US Gov’t regulation of timber, mining, and water resources Established National Parks and wildlife preserves.

29 Presidents of the Progressive Era
Theodore Roosevelt Promised a “Square Deal” Known as the “Trustbuster” Believed in “Gentlemen’s Agreements” His Legacy: Stronger executive branch, the modern Presidency

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31 William Howard Taft Taft’s Progressive Reforms
more of a trust-buster than TR est’d Children’s Bureau—to fight child labor Mann-Elkins Act—strengthened ICC Conservation—Bureau of Mines, more nat’l forests

32 TR—charismatic, well-liked, loved the spotlight, big ideas.
HOW DID TAFT DIFFER FROM T.R.? TR—charismatic, well-liked, loved the spotlight, big ideas. Taft—legalistic, less ambitious, less popular

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34 Woodrow Wilson Underwood Tariff—cut tariffs in half 16th Amendment
Federal Reserve Federal Trade Commission Adamson Act– 8-hr workday Clayton Antitrust Act– recognized unions

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36 Election of 1912 Democrats: Woodrow Wilson Republicans: William Taft
Progressives: Theodore Roosevelt

37 Legacy of Progressivism
What did it do? Increased the gov’t’s intervention in economic and social issues (also the public’s expectation of that intervention) What did it not do? Did not address racial discrimination. African-Americans began that fight themselves. Formed NAACP. (Met in Niagara Falls)


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