1. Motion Speed Velocity Acceleration Force Newton’s Laws
Physics
Motion
Speed
Velocity
Acceleration
Force
Newton’s Laws

2. Process of changing positions

3. REFERENCE POINT Relative- Compared
Reference Point- Starting point you choose to describe the location or position of an object
Position- An objects distance and direction from a reference point

4. A place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion.
Stationary (does not move) objects make good reference points.
Provide examples of reference points

5. Speed-Is a measure of the distance an object travels per unit of time
Calculate speed S=D/T
Constant Speed- Is the rate of change of position in which the same distance is traveled each second

6. Instantaneous Speed- Is speed at a specific instant(moment) in time
Speed Continued
Instantaneous Speed- Is speed at a specific instant(moment) in time
Average Speed- Is the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken to travel that distance
Average Speed= Total Distance /Total Time

8. Distance Time Graph
Shows the comparison of distance and time
Distance is on y-axis
Time is on x-axis

10. STATIONARY OBJECTS!
A flat, horizontal line shows a stationary object!

11. 2. What is the man doing between 3 and 5 seconds?
. What is the speed of the man during the first three seconds?
2. What is the man doing between 3 and 5 seconds?
3. Calculate the speed of the man between 5 and 7 seconds.
4. What is the total distance that he has moved?
5. Calculate the average speed for the whole journey

12. Velocity Speed and the direction of the moving object
Velocity is represented by an arrow pointing that direction or a direction of motion

14. Acceleration
A measure of the change in velocity during a period of time
To determine the acceleration rate of an object, you must calculate the change in velocity during each unit of time

15. Which Graph Represents Increasing and Decreasing

16. Force

18. Non-Contact Forces
A force that one object can apply to another object without touching it

19. Strength and Distance
Arrows can show direction
SI unit is Newton (N)

20. Gravity
Is the attraction force that exists between all objects that have mass
Mass is the amount of matter in an object

21. Weight and Mass
Weight- Is the gravitational force exerted on an object Weight changes depending on gravitational force Mass is the same no matter your location EX: Moon Weight: Mass:

22. Balanced Forces All forces acting on an object are equal
There is no motion

23. Unbalanced Forces All forces acting on an object are not equal
One or more force is stronger than others
Motion occurs

24. Net Force The sum of all forces acting on an object A net force of 0
No motion
A net force of more than 0
Motion occurs

25. Combining Forces Be Sure Arrow points Direction of NET Force.
You could have right, left, up, down use as net force direction

26. force that opposes the motion of an object
What is friction?
Friction
force that opposes the motion of an object
the force of friction works in the opposite direction of the force of motion

27. Friction
friction makes motion possible
friction also makes it hard to move objects
reducing friction makes it easier to move objects

28. Sliding Friction (Kinetic)
Types of Friction
Sliding Friction (Kinetic)
the source of friction is the contact between two surfaces, at least one of which is in motion

29. Types of Friction
Air Resistance
friction results from air pushing on an object as it is moving

30. Types of Friction
Rolling Friction
friction between two surfaces that are not in constant contact
ex. wheels

31. Types of Friction
Static Friction
Force applied by object does not move
Forces are balanced
Takes greater force to move
Disappears as soon as an object starts moving

32. Fluid Friction
The friction between a liquid or gas as a solid moves through it

33. How can friction be reduced?
by changing sliding friction into rolling friction
by using lubricants
Lubricants – substances that reduce friction

34. Newton’s Laws First Law – Inertia
Second Law – Acceleration, Force & Mass
Third Law – Action-Reaction

35. First Law
Inertia
An object at rest [not moving] remains at rest unless acted on by a force [push or pull]
An object in motion remains in motion unless acted on by a force [push or pull]

36. First Law Inertia & Mass Mass is the amount of matter in an object
The more MASS an object has, the more INERTIA the object has.
Bigger objects are harder to start & stop

37. Second Law Acceleration & Mass Definitions
Acceleration is a change in velocity [speed or direction]
Mass is the amount of matter in an object

38. Second Law Acceleration & Force Acceleration & Mass
The more force placed on an object, the more it will accelerate [change its motion]
Acceleration & Mass
The more mass [or inertia] an object has, the more force it takes to accelerate the object

39. 2 nd Law Formula
F=MA
F is the measure in Newtons M(Mass) is measured in Kg
A= Acceleration is measured in m/s2

40. Third Law Action – Reaction
Forces are always produced in pairs with opposite directions & equal strengths
For every force there is an equal and opposite force

41. What about the ladder on top of the truck?
The ladder is in motion because the truck is in motion.
When the truck stops, the ladder stays in motion.
The truck is stopped by the force of the car, but the ladder is not.
What force stops the ladder?
Gravity.

42. The truck is in motion, the car is at rest
The truck is in motion, the car is at rest. How do each of these vehicles accelerate?
The truck stops moving. The car starts moving.
Which one will be the hardest to accelerate?
The truck because it has the most mass.

43. Why does the car move [accelerate] when it is hit by the truck?
The heavy and moving truck has more force than the small, at rest car.
Why does the truck stop moving when it hits the car?
The force of the car pushing back on the truck, plus the force of friction between the massive truck and the road slow down, the stop the truck.

44. The truck hits the car. An action force stops the truck.
What is the equal and opposite reaction force?
The force that pushes the car forward.