1. Gregor Mendel was a monk, known as the “Father of Genetics”
Section 2
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Mendelian Genetics
How Genetics Began
The passing of traits to the next generation is called inheritance, or heredity.
Gregor Mendel was a monk, known as the “Father of Genetics”
Mendel followed various
traits in the pea plants
he bred.

2. Mendel studied seven different traits.
Section 2
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Mendelian Genetics
Mendel studied seven different traits.
Seed or pea color
Flower color
Seed pod color
Seed shape or texture
Seed pod shape
Stem length
Pea plants have both male and female reproductive organs.  As a result, they can either self-pollinate themselves or cross-pollinate with another plant.
Flower position

3. Intro to Genetics Gene Allele Dominant Recessive Homozygous
KEY TERMS—
By the end of class, I will be able to use these words in context, applying them to real-world examples:
Gene
Allele
Dominant
Recessive
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Phenotype
Genotype

4. What is a gene? CHROMOSOMES are made up of DNA.
Genes are stretches of DNA that contain the instructions to build a particular protein. The expression of that protein controls the “traits” that are passed from one generation to the next.

5. -- The allele that is expressed
Section 2
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Mendelian Genetics
Genes in Pairs
Allele
An alternative form of a single gene passed from generation to generation
Dominant Mendel’s name for a specific trait that appeared in the F1 generation.
-- The allele that is expressed
Recessive Mendel’s name for a specific trait that is hidden or masked in the F1 generation.

6. Section 2
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Mendelian Genetics
Dominance
An organism with two of the same alleles for a particular trait is homozygous.
An organism with two different alleles for a particular trait is heterozygous.

7. Genotype and Phenotype
Section 2
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Mendelian Genetics
Genotype and Phenotype
An organism’s allele pairs are called its genotype.
The observable characteristic or outward expression of an allele pair is called the phenotype.

8. Which symbol is used to represent the
Chapter
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Which symbol is used to represent the
number of chromosomes in a gamete? # x r n A B C D
CDQ 1

9. Name the person known as the father of genetics.
Chapter
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Name the person known as the father of
genetics.
Felix Mendelssohn
Gregor Mendel
Dr. Reginald Punnett
Albert Einstein A B C D
CDQ 2

10. Which term refers to the outward expression of an allele pair?
Chapter
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Which term refers to the outward expression
of an allele pair?
gamete
hybrid
phenotype
genotype A B C D
CDQ 3

11. Segments of DNA that control the production
Chapter
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Section 1 Formative Questions
Segments of DNA that control the production
of proteins are called _______.
chromatids
chromosomes
genes
traits A B C D
FQ 1

12. What is the term for a pair of chromosomes
Chapter
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Section 1 Formative Questions
What is the term for a pair of chromosomes
that have the same length, same centromere
position, and carry genes that control the same
traits?
diploid
heterozygous
homozygous
homologous A B C D
FQ 2

13. Chapter
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Section 1 Formative Questions
How does the number of chromosomes in gametes compare with the number of chromosomes in body cells?
Gametes have 1/4 the number of chromosomes.
Gametes have 1/2 the number of chromosomes.
Gametes have the same number of chromosomes.
Gametes have twice as many chromosomes. A B C D
FQ 3

14. What is the name for different forms of a
Chapter
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Section 2 Formative Questions
What is the name for different forms of a
single gene that are passed from generation
to generation?
alleles
genotypes
phenotypes
traits A B C D
FQ 5

15. Which pair of alleles is heterozygous?
Chapter
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Section 2 Formative Questions
Which pair of alleles is heterozygous? RR Rr rr yR A B C D
FQ 6

16. In rabbits, gray fur (G) is dominant to black
Chapter
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Section 2 Formative Questions
In rabbits, gray fur (G) is dominant to black
fur (g). If a heterozygous male is crossed with
a heterozygous female, what is the phenotypic
ratio of the possible offspring?
1:1
1:2:1
2:1
3:1 A B C D
FQ 7

17. 1/4 1/2 1 For human eye color, brown is dominant and
Chapter
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Standardized Test Practice
For human eye color, brown is dominant and
blue is recessive. If a husband is heterozygous
and his wife has blue eyes, what is the
probability that their child will have blue eyes?
1/4
1/2 1 A B C D
STP 5