1. Review Unit 3 and 4

2. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER) Nuclear envelope Rough ER Smooth ER
Figure 6.8a
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
Nuclear envelope
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Flagellum
NUCLEUS
Nucleolus
Chromatin
Centrosome
Plasma membrane
CYTOSKELETON:
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Microtubules
Ribosomes
Figure 6.8 Exploring: Eukaryotic Cells
Microvilli
Golgi apparatus
Peroxisome
Mitochondrion
Lysosome

3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Figure 6.8c
Nuclear envelope
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
NUCLEUS
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleolus
Chromatin
Ribosomes
Central vacuole
Golgi apparatus
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
CYTOSKELETON
Microtubules
Figure 6.8 Exploring: Eukaryotic Cells
Mitochondrion
Peroxisome
Chloroplast
Plasma membrane
Cell wall
Plasmodesmata
Wall of adjacent cell

4. Figure 6.UN01a Summary table, Concept 6.3
Nucleus
(ER)
Figure 6.UN01a Summary table, Concept 6.3

5. Figure 6.UN01b Summary table, Concept 6.4
(Nuclear envelope)
Figure 6.UN01b Summary table, Concept 6.4

6. Figure 6.UN01c
Figure 6.UN01c Summary table, Concept 6.5

7. Endosymbiont Theory
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA in circular loops like prokaryotes
Both have a double membrane (inner from original prokaryote and outer from cell
Both are similar in size and structure to bacteria
Both have ribosomes similar in structure and size to prokaryotes

8. Phospholipid bilayer - What molecules can get through directly?

9. Facilitated diffusion
Figure 7.19
Passive transport
Active transport
Figure 7.19 Review: passive and active transport.
Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
ATP 9

10. Managing water balance
Cell survival depends on balancing water uptake & loss
freshwater
balanced
saltwater

11. 0.01 M sucrose 0.01 M glucose 0.01 M fructose
Figure 7.UN03
“Cell”
“Environment”
0.03 M sucrose 0.02 M glucose
0.01 M sucrose 0.01 M glucose 0.01 M fructose
Figure 7.UN03 Test Your Understanding, question 6 11

12. Osmosis…
.05 M
.03 M
Cell (compared to beaker)  hypertonic or hypotonic
Beaker (compared to cell)  hypertonic or hypotonic
Which way does the water flow?  in or out of cell

13. Water Potential = Y = Ys + Yp
Ys = -iCRT
i = The number of particles the molecule will make in water; for NaCl this would be 2; for sucrose or glucose, this number is 1
C = Molar concentration
R = Pressure constant = liter bar/mole K
T = Temperature in degrees Kelvin = °C of solution
Click here to see an entire page of water potential problems!

14. Water Potential and Solution Potential
Sample Problem
The molar concentration of a sugar solution in an open beaker has been determined to be 0.3M. Calculate the solute potential at 27 degrees Celsius. Round your answer to the nearest tenths.

15. Q3
Solute potential= –iCRT
i= 1
C= 0.3
R = Pressure constant =
T= =300K
Solute concentration= -7.5
If a baby carrot with a water potential of -5.2 bars is put into this solution, what will happen? Why?

16. Answer…..
If a baby carrot with a water potential of -5.2 bars is put into this solution, what will happen? Why?
Water moves from areas of higher water potential to areas of lower water potential (towards the more negative number!)
So water moves……..out of the carrot!!! The carrot is hypotonic to the solution

17. Water Potential – another example
The value for water potential in root tissue was found to be bars. If you take the root tissue and place it in a .1 M solution of sucrose at 20 C in an open beaker, what is the water potential of the solution and in which direction will the net flow of water be? (answer is on the next slide)

18. .1M sucrose solution = -2.4 bars (calculate this!)
Water Potential
The value for water potential in root tissue was found to be bars. If you take the root tissue and place it in a .1 M solution of sucrose at 20 C in an open beaker, what is the water potential of the solution and in which direction will the net flow of water be?
Roots = -3.3 bars
.1M sucrose solution = -2.4 bars (calculate this!)
Water moves from the sucrose solution into the roots (from high water potential to low water potential!)

19. Photosynthesis in chloroplasts Cellular respiration in mitochondria
Figure 9.2
Light energy
ECOSYSTEM
Photosynthesis in chloroplasts
 O2
Organic molecules
CO2  H2O
Cellular respiration in mitochondria
Figure 9.2 Energy flow and chemical recycling in ecosystems.
ATP powers most cellular work
ATP
Heat energy

20. Cellular respiration – Watch this Video

21. Cellular respiration –
~40 ATP
Cellular respiration – + +
2 ATP
2 ATP
~36 ATP

22. Electron Transport Chain (oxygen as an electron acceptor and the generation of ATP)!!!!

23. Pyruvate is a branching point
fermentation
anaerobic respiration
mitochondria
Krebs cycle
aerobic respiration

24. Photosynthesis – WATCH THIS VIDEO (7 minutes)

26. Light: absorption spectra
Photosynthesis gets energy by absorbing wavelengths of light
chlorophyll a
absorbs best in red & blue wavelengths & least in green
accessory pigments with different structures absorb light of different wavelengths
chlorophyll b, carotenoids, xanthophylls
Why are plants green?

27. Electron transport chain Electron transport chain
Figure 10.UN02
Primary acceptor
Electron transport chain
Primary acceptor
Electron transport chain Fd
NADP + H
H2O Pq
NADP reductase O2
Cytochrome complex
NADPH Pc
Figure 10.UN02 Summary figure, Concept 10.2
Photosystem I
ATP
Photosystem II 27

28. H2O CO2 Light NADP ADP + P i Light Reactions: RuBP 3-Phosphoglycerate
Figure 10.22
H2O
CO2
Light
NADP
ADP
+ P i
Light Reactions:
Photosystem II Electron transport chain Photosystem I Electron transport chain
RuBP
3-Phosphoglycerate
Calvin Cycle
ATP
G3P
Figure A review of photosynthesis.
Starch (storage)
NADPH
Chloroplast O2
Sucrose (export) 28

29. Watch Bozeman Biology Photosynthesis and Respiration
Cellular Respiration Video
Photosynthesis Video