Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 1

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 1
Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 1.Simple Electrical Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: To use circuit diagrams to describe what is needed for an electrical circuit to work. Keywords: Current Electrons Conductor Insulator Cell Battery Complete circuit Incomplete circuit Components Starter: Describe how this torch works Include: - What does the battery do? - What is the switch for and how does it work? - When will the light switch on and when does it switch off and explain why this happens?

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 1.Simple Electrical Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: To use circuit diagrams to describe what is needed for an electrical circuit to work. Keywords: Current Electrons Conductor Insulator Cell Battery Complete circuit Incomplete circuit Components Learning outcomes Level 4: Identify situations when a circuit will be on or off and connect the components in a circuit diagram correctly. Level 5: Build circuits from circuit diagrams and represent electrical circuits using circuit diagrams. Level 6: Explain why an electrical circuit will only work when a switch is closed and there is an energy source Level 7: Use ideas about conductors and insulators to explain why circuits do not work when a switch is an open position.

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 1.Simple Electrical Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: To use circuit diagrams to describe what is needed for an electrical circuit to work. Keywords: Current Electrons Conductor Insulator Cell Battery Complete circuit Incomplete circuit Components

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 1.Simple Electrical Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: To use circuit diagrams to describe what is needed for an electrical circuit to work. Keywords: Current Electrons Conductor Insulator Cell Battery Complete circuit Incomplete circuit Components You will attempt to draw and make some electrical circuits using electrical symbols. Follow the instructions on the worksheet to help you. When you have finished you will need to write a paragraph explaining what is needed to make an electrical circuit work. A This is an example of an electrical circuit diagram. What components does it contain?

Objectives: How do electrical circuits work?
Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 1.Simple Electrical Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: How do electrical circuits work? Keywords: Series Circuit Charge flow Components Cell Battery Circuit diagram

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 2.Electric Current
05/05/2018 Objectives: To describe and measure electrical current. Keywords: Current Ammeter Resistance Voltage Amps Components Starter: Draw Each of the circuit diagrams below in your book. Label each of the components and suggest which circuits will work and which won’t and explain why Rubber

05/05/2018 Objectives: To describe and measure electrical current. Keywords: Current Ammeter Resistance Voltage Amps Components Learning outcomes Level 4: Describe what happens to the electrical current when more components or more batteries are added to a circuit. Level 5: Explain what is meant by the term ‘electrical current’ and describe how we can measure it. Level 6: Use scientific ideas when explaining the effects of adding batteries or bulbs to a simple electrical circuit. Level 7: Use ideas about attraction and repulsion of charges to explain why current flows.

Exercise 7: Results CONDUCTORS are materials that will allow electricity to pass easily. INSULATORS do not allow electricity to pass easily. 1. Which materials from the investigation were conductors? 2. Which was the only conductor that was a non-metal? 3. Which materials from the investigation were insulators? 4. What did you notice about all the insulators? 5. Why is plastic used as the material for plug casings? Copper, iron, graphite, lead, aluminium and nickel. Graphite. Wood, plastic, sulfur and glass. They were all non-metals. It is an insulator.

Exercise 8: Draw a Circuit Diagram for the Apparatus Below

Exercise 11: Which is the Correct Circuit Diagram for the Apparatus?
B. 

Exercise 12: Which is the Correct Circuit Diagram for the Apparatus?
B. 

05/05/2018 Objectives: To describe and measure electrical current. Keywords: Current Ammeter Resistance Voltage Amps Components Current is a measure of the rate of flow of electric charge in a circuit or how much charge is passing a fixed point every second. Current is measured in ampares (A) using an ammeter. The bigger the current the more charge is passing a fixed point every second.

05/05/2018 Objectives: To describe and measure electrical current. Copy and Complete: The ammeter is connected in the same loop/ in series. It measures electric currents. The voltmeter is connected in parallel. It measures potential differences. The more light bulbs we put in the circuit the light bulbs are dimmer; Potential difference are shared and is lower across each bulb; Current of the whole loop is lower. Keywords: Current Ammeter Resistance Voltage Amps Components

05/05/2018 Objectives: To describe and measure electrical current. Keywords: Current Ammeter Resistance Voltage Amps Components Write a short story about a cat driving a charged-car on a road of charges with all the keywords: The cat in a charged car was driving on a road with lots of charged particles. All the particles flows in one direction and that’s called …………………

Electron flow Electricity in wires is a flow of electrons along the wire from the negative end of the battery to the positive end What do we call this flow of electrons? Electrical current

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 3.Energy and Current
05/05/2018 Objectives: To be able to distinguish between current and energy in an electrical circuit. Keywords: Voltage Current Electrons Energy transfer Learning outcomes Level 4: Identify the energy source in an electrical circuit. Level 5: Describe what happens to the current and energy in the circuit as electricity flows through each component in the circuit. Level 6: Use a model to describe what happens to the current and energy in a circuit as electricity runs through it. Level 7: Apply ideas about current and energy to different situations.

05/05/2018 Objectives: To be able to distinguish between current and energy in an electrical circuit. Keywords: Voltage Current Electrons Energy transfer Link: Circuit analogy animation

05/05/2018 Objectives: To be able to distinguish between current and energy in an electrical circuit. Keywords: Voltage Current Electrons Energy transfer Where do the flowing electrons come from? The delocalized electrons are free to flow through the metal and so carry a current. Insulating materials do not contain free electrons and so current is unable to flow. delocalized electrons

05/05/2018 Objectives: To be able to distinguish between current and energy in an electrical circuit. Keywords: Voltage Current Electrons Energy transfer Use what you have learned so far to answer these questions Where does the energy in the circuit comes from? how energy lost from the circuit? what particles carry the energy around the circuit and where these particles come from? Why batteries run out? Explain why bulbs get dimmer when they are connected in series and why does the current get smaller when more bulbs are connected in series.

05/05/2018 Objectives: To be able to distinguish between current and energy in an electrical circuit. Keywords: Voltage Current Electrons Energy transfer We can think about electrical current like a water system valve (open) water pump narrow pipe (harder for the water to flow)

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 4. Parallel circuits
05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction Starter: The Diagram below shows a simple circuit containing a battery and 2 different light bulbs. 6 V V Draw the diagram into your exercise book and fill in the missing voltage (?V). Explain how you worked out the answer. V V ? V 2 V

05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction Learning outcomes Level 4: identify in a circuit diagram when components have been connected in parallel Level 5: Describe how current flows in a parallel circuit. Level 6: Describe the relationship between current through a cell and current through the branches of a parallel circuit. Level 7: Make predictions about the currents measured in a parallel circuit.

05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction What is a series circuit?

05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction What is a parallel circuit?

05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction Parallel circuits and switches If switch 1 was open (off position) and switch 2 was open (off position), which components will switch on?

05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction Parallel circuits and switches If switch 1 was closed (on position) and switch 2 was open (off position), which components will switch on?

05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction Parallel circuits and switches If switch 1 was closed (on position) and switch 2 was close (on position), which components will switch on? Try some on your own using worksheet J1b

05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction Task: You are going to carry out an investigation that will help you work out the missing current reading in the parallel circuit below. Follow the instructions on worksheet 7jc/2 and use your observations to help you fill in the missing currents. 2 A A A 2 A ? A A A ? A

05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction Current in parallel circuits

05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction Max built circuit 1 as shown below He closed the switch, S, and all the bulbs came on. One of the bulbs then broke and all the bulbs went off. Which bulb must have broken?

05/05/2018 Objectives: : Describe and explain how current flows through a parallel circuit. Keywords: Branch In parallel Junction Copy and complete the diagram by using the information in the table to label the bulbs with the correct letter. Disconnected bulb What happened to the circuit A C & D stayed on B switched off B C & D stayed on A switched off C A, B and D switched off D A, B and C stayed on B

Objectives: : To compare how series and parallel circuits work.
Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 5.Series vs. Parallel Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: : To compare how series and parallel circuits work. Keywords: In parallel In series Starter: Draw the two circuits below in your book and correctly label them as in series or in parallel. Which of the two circuits do you think the light bulbs will be the brightest. Write the answer in your book and explain why you think this. You will need your prediction later in this lesson. B A

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 5.Series vs. Parallel Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: : To compare how series and parallel circuits work. Keywords: In parallel In series Observe in silence and complete the sentence: Current is the _______ all around a _______ circuit. Potential difference is ______ between all ______ in series circuits.

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 5.Series vs. Parallel Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: : To compare how series and parallel circuits work. Place Current A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 Keywords: In parallel In series Experiment: 5 minutes! Connect the circuits like the diagram Find the current in Amps for each of A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 What can you tell about the current in series and parallel circuits? B A3 A A1 A4 A2 A5

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 5.Series vs. Parallel Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: : To compare how series and parallel circuits work. Observe in silence and complete the sentence: Potential difference is the _______ all around a _______ circuit. Current is ______ between all ______ in parallel circuits.

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 5.Series vs. Parallel Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: : To compare how series and parallel circuits work. Place Potential Difference V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 Experiment: 5 minutes! Connect the circuits like the diagram Find the current in Amps for each of V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 and V6 What can you tell about the potential difference in series and parallel circuits? B V1 V1 V2 V2 V3 V3

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 5.Series vs. Parallel Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: : To compare how series and parallel circuits work. DO THE STARTER TASK in SILENCE for VIVO’s; NOISY for C1, C2, C3… Monday Keywords Starter: Book Page 128, 129 Find the meanings for 1 - 4 Parallel circuits – a circuit with more than one loop Series circuits – a circuit with only one loop Ammeters – a device measuring electronic current in a circuit Voltmeters – a device measuring voltage/ potential difference Find the keywords for 5 & 6 Each bulb still works even other bulbs are broken like lights on Christmas trees. The light bulbs are independent Potential difference is the same across each component in parallel but is added up along each component in series.

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 5.Series vs. Parallel Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: : To compare how series and parallel circuits work. Keywords: Parallel circuits Series circuits Ammeters Voltmeters Independent Potential Difference Current Learning outcomes: copy each and leave 3 lines in between Level 4: recognise series and parallel circuits in circuit diagrams Level 5: Describe some advantages of parallel circuits over series circuits. Level 6: Use the electron flow model to explain the changes in current and voltage in series and parallel circuits. Level 7: Make predictions about current and voltages in series and parallel circuits.

Y8 T4 – Electricity and Electrical circuits 5.Series vs. Parallel Circuits 05/05/2018 Objectives: : To compare how series and parallel circuits work. Keywords: In parallel In series

SUPER QUICK MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS!
05/05/2018 LET’s Challenge Ourselves! You have 30 seconds at each question You don’t need a calculator Just check how much you have been paying attention! Write down number 1 to 13 ARE YOU READY!?

Q1 What kind of circuit is this? Parallel Bulb Series
Parallel & series Not parallel or series Switch Wire

Q4 Energy of the battery is used up one after the other in series circuits. What adds up in components in a series circuit? Potential Difference Currents Protons Electrons

Q5 Current is how many charges goes through the loop in each second. There is only one loop in series circuits. The current of each component in series is… Different The same Adds up None of the above

Q6 What is added up in components in parallel, just like people walking from 1 wide road to many smaller roads and back on the 1 wide road. Potential Difference Currents Protons Electrons

Q7 A battery giving electrical energy to the charged particles like pumping water up the hill. How is energy pumped for components in parallel to each other? Different The same Adds up None of the above

Q8 2 Volts _ Volts What is the missing potential difference reading?

What is the missing current reading?
Q10 1.5 Amps 1 amps 0.5 Amps 0 amps 0.5 Amps 2 amps _ Amps 0.5 amps

Q11 _ Amps 2 Amps 2 Amps 2 Amps What is the missing current reading?

Q12 2 Amps 2 Amps _ Amps 1 Amps What is the missing current reading?

Q13 2 volts 0.5 volts _ volts 1 volts
What is the missing p.d. reading? Q13 2 volts 0.5 volts _ volts 1 volts 1 amps 2 amps 0 amps 0.5 amps

Are you ready for the answers? Use a RED pen to mark And write the correct ans. Then write the score _/13 And “S.A.”

A1 What kind of circuit is this? Parallel Bulb Series