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Cardiopulmonary Emergencies
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Cardiac Compromise Chest pain Dyspnea Anxious Nausea Abdominal pain
Sweating Abnormal HR and RR
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Abnormal HR Bradycardia Tachycardia Palpitations Slower than 60 BPM
Faster than 100 BPM Palpitations Irregular or rapid heart beats that cause fluttering in the chest
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Patient Care Place pt in position of comfort High-concentration O2
Transport IMMEDIATELY if: No hx of cardiac problems, does not have nitroglycerin, or systolic BP < 90 Nitroglycerin Repeat if needed Aspirin??
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Common Causes Coronary Artery Disease Aneurysm Angina Pectoris
Congestive Heart Failure Acute Myocardial Infarction
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Cardiac Arrest 1-2% of calls Chain of Survival: Early access Early CPR
Early defibrillation Early advanced care
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Adult CPR Head tilt-chin lift Check breathing and give 2 breaths
Check carotid pulse Compressions Hands 2 fingers above the ziphoid process 1.5 – 2 inches depth 100/minute Ratio 30:2
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Child CPR Between 1 year and puberty
Open airway, assess, and give breaths Carotid pulse < 60 Compressions May use 1 hand for small victims 1/3 to 1/2 depth of chest 100/minute 30:2 (1-rescuer) 15:2 (2-rescuer)
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Infant CPR Less than 1 year old Open airway, assess, and give breaths
Check brachial pulse < 60bpm Compressions Place 2 fingers below nipple line 1/3 to 1/2 depth of chest 100/minute 30:2 (1-rescuer) 15:2 (2-rescuer)
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AEDs Verify cardiac arrest Start CPR Turn on AED
Apply AED and clear pt Press analyze
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Shock Indicated Deliver 1 shock Perform 2 minutes of CPR Press analyze
Deliver 1 more shock After 3 shocks prepare for transport
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No Shock Indicated Perform CPR for 2 minutes Press analyze
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