1. Oct. 4, 2016
Goal: Analyze the foreign policies of four progressive presidents
QOD: Review H.W. Why did Twain switch?
PPT and organizer
*****HAVE HW OUT FROM LAST NIGHT****
HW: What does imperialism look like today
Article for what’s up Wednesday

2. With a partner List 5 strongest countries in the world today.
List 5 weakest countries in the world today.

3. What makes them strong?
What makes them weak?

4. What makes them weak?

5. What do you see?

6. IMPERIALISM - definitions
1. Imperialism = the quest to build up a
territorial empire.
2. Imperialism =more powerful nation takes over less advanced Area.

7. POWERFUL NATION USUALLY CHARACTERIZED BY Advanced Economy (Industrial)
Strong Government
Considerable
Military Strength

8. The “Less Advanced” Area
CHARACTERIZED BY
Primitive economy (pre-industrial)
Underdeveloped natural resources
Weak government
Limited military power
*Imperialism has also been called Colonialism

9. BACKGROUND - Imperialism
US. Imperialism – response to European Imperialism
1. Fundamental Cause: Industrial Revolution
Industrialized nations desired colonies to provide:
a) cheap supply of raw materials
b) a market for the mother country’s goods

10. 2. Other Causes: a) secure essential military bases & war materials
b) provide an outlet for surplus population
c) provide safety - missionaries spread Christianity
d) bring to the backward areas the “blessings of the civilized culture” of the West [Europe & USA]
E) spread democracy
HOW DO WE GO ABOUT THIS?

11. A Splendid Little War
Or War of 1898
Or Spanish American War

12. SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR (1898)
Causes of the War:
1. Spanish ruled over Cuba
A. Spain denied civil liberties & political rights
B. Ruthlessly suppressed rebellions

13. #HowDidThisAllGetStarted
Cuba asks for our help!

14. 3. ECONOMIC INTERESTS A. American merchants traded with Cuba to the
amount of $100 Million a year
B. American investors placed $50 million in
sugar and tobacco plantations.

15. #TheBeginningOfTheWar
We supported Cuba during their Revolution against Spain
We had a lot of money invested in Cuba. (farms, mining, sugar plantations)
Spanish had put Cubans in concentration camps. These were camps that kept people under Spanish control
Americans objected to this

16. #ConcentrationCampPolicy
In 1896, General Weyler of Spain implemented the first wave of the Spanish concentration camps that sent thousands of Cubans into those camps
Cubans had 8 days to relocate, disobeying meant death

17. #HorridConditions
The housing in these areas was typically abandoned, decaying, roofless, and virtually uninhabitable
Food was scarce and famine and disease quickly swept through the camps
By 1898, 1/3 of Cuba's population had been forcibly sent into the concentration camps.
Over 400,000 Cubans died as a result of the Spanish Policy

18. 225,000 Cuban civilians died in 18 months 1896-97

19. Reconcentrados

20. Hearst v. Pulitzer Competing newspapers Needed a big story
Hearst says “give me the pictures, I will supply the story”

21. 4. “Yellow Journalism” A. William Randolph Hearst – NY Journal
B. Joseph Pulitzer – New York World
C. Both Newspapers sought to increase
circulation by sensationalized news stories.
3) Hearst’s Journal printed the Delome Letter
Spanish ambassador calls McKinley “weak”

22. 5. Sinking of the Maine – Feb 1898
A. American battleship visiting Cuba blown up
260 Americans killed
B. Cause: probably fire in a coal bin
C. But, American public goaded on by the
Yellow Press – blames SPAIN

23. Yellow Journalism- Sensationalized or Exaggerated News Stories (USS Maine)

24. Why Do You Think Headlines Like This Sell?

26. Are We Persuaded by What We Read?
How do we know who’s telling the truth?
With one partner, create an exaggerated headline and short story (paragraph) about lunches at RV

27. So Why Did We Get Involved in the Spanish American War
To free Cuba from Spanish rule

28. The Spanish-American War Pops Off in the Philippines
We had a fleet under the command of Adm. George Dewey stationed in Hong Kong
Dewey sailed into Manila Bay and tore that place up. He defeated the Spanish fleet of 10 or so ships without a single casualty
Battle took about three hours
Our ships were better
quality than Spain’s

29. Rough Riders – San Juan Hill

30. Splendid Little War The War ended in August of 1898.
Next stop Puerto Rico. We took Puerto Rico in 2 weeks.
The fighting sparked again in the Philippines until 1902 when we colonized this country.
More people died from disease in this war than bullets. 380 combat deaths, 2,060 from illness

31. Platt Amendment - post-war
Followed Sp – Am War
Cuba must accept for US to withdraw
Cuba could not allow foreign powers to control it
USA could lease land for naval base – Guantanamo Bay

32. Protectorate Cuba becomes a Protectorate of USA
Protectorate = a country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger nation

33. Terms - Treaty of Paris - 1898
Spain agreed
1) CUBA independent
2) Puerto Rico and Guam “given” to USA
3) Philippines sold to USA for $20 Million

34. Foreign Policies of McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft, & Wilson
Presidents’ Beliefs

35. William McKinley Beliefs
Moral responsibility to Christianize and civilize those who were not
Main interest –
to secure the will and interest of the average working man
The “people” should get what they want
Wanted to expand the frontier – continue “manifest destiny”

36. Theodore Roosevelt Big Stick Diplomacy
“Speak softly and carry a big stick”
Big stick = military
International negotiations backed by threat of force
U.S. has moral responsibility to “civilize” weaker nations
Roosevelt Corollary (to Monroe Doctrine)
U.S. can use “international police power” in Latin America to prevent European nations from intervening
1901 – 1909

37. William Howard Taft Wanted to expand American trade Dollar Diplomacy
“Substituting dollars for bullets”
Maintain orderly societies abroad by increasing investments in foreign economies

38. Woodrow Wilson
Wanted Foreign Policy based on principles rather than materialism
“Moral Diplomacy”
Hoped to spread democracy, condemn colonialism, and promote peace
Hoped "to cultivate the friendship" w/ LA
Help other nations achieve self-government eventually
U.S. model (democracy)
1916 Platform vowed not to go to war