Hyper-V High Availability and Live Migration

Hyper-V High Availability and Live Migration
5/5/2018 Hyper-V High Availability and Live Migration Symon Perriman Jeff Woolsey Technical Evangelist Principal Program Manager © 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Introduction to Hyper-V Jump Start
First Half Second Half (01) Introduction to Microsoft Virtualization (05) Hyper-V Management (02) Hyper-V Infrastructure (06) Hyper-V High Availability and Live Migration (03) Hyper-V Networking (07) Integration with System Center 2012 Virtual Machine Manager (04) Hyper-V Storage (08) Integration with Other System Center 2012 Components ** MEAL BREAK **

Agenda High Availability Planning Cluster Deployment
Hyper-V Optimization on a Cluster Cluster Shared Volumes & Live Migration Hyper-V Replica

High Availability Planning
5/5/2018 8:13 PM High Availability Planning © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Why is HA Important? Server downtime is inevitable
Servers will go offline due to Maintenance Upgrade Software or Hardware Update Hotfix, Security Patch Disaster Power Outage Accident

Complete Redundancy In the Box
Hyper-V Replica for Asynchronous Replication CSV 2.0 Integration with Storage Arrays for Synchronous Replication Disaster Recovery Non-Cluster Aware Apps: Hyper-V App Monitoring VM Guest Cluster: iSCSI, Fiber Channel VM Guest Teaming of SR-IOV NICs Application/Service Failover Network Load Balancing & Failover via Windows NIC Teaming Storage Multi-Path IO (MPIO) Multi-Channel SMB I/O Redundancy Live Migration for Planned Downtime Failover Cluster for Unplanned Downtime Physical Node Redundancy Hardware Fault Windows Hardware Error Architecture (WHEA) Reliability, Availability, Serviceability (RAS)

Overview of Failover Clustering
Public VMs & Workloads VMs & Workloads This animated walkthrough covers the basic 10 steps to understand the basics of a cluster Deploy redundant hardware everywhere “Shared” storage accessible by all nodes Clustered application writes data to shared storage so all nodes can assess it A registry hive containing current cluster configuration information is replicated to each node Nodes monitor the health of other nodes If a node fails, the health check will fail, and a failover will happen Another node knows what the failed node was hosting through the registry and start that application The application reads its saved data from the shared storage Client connects to app on new node Clients may experience a slight interruption in service during failover but none during a live migration (of a VM) Shared Storage

Host Clustering Avoids a single point of failure when consolidating
VMs survive host crashes VMs restarted on another node Restart VM crashes VM OS restarted on same node Recover VM hangs Zero downtime maintenance & patching Live migrate VMs to other hosts Mobility & load distribution Live migrate VMs to different servers to load balance Cluster SAN

Guest Clustering Application Health Monitoring Application Mobility
App or service within VM crashes or hangs and moves to another VM Application Mobility Apps or services moves to another VM for maintenance or patching of guest OS Virtualized HBAs iSCSI (2008 R2 & 2012) Fibre Channel (2012) Combine physical & virtual servers Cluster iSCSI or FC

Combining Host & Guest Clustering
Best of both worlds for flexibility and protection VM high availability & mobility between physical nodes Application & service high availability & mobility between VMs Increases complexity Guest Cluster CLUSTER CLUSTER iSCSI or FC SAN SAN

Increased Scalability
. . . Scale up Scale out ... 8,000 VMs across 64 nodes 1,024 VMs per node 320 logical processors per host 64 virtual processors per VM 4 TB of RAM per host 1 TB of RAM per VM 64 TB per virtual disk (.vhdx) More storage choices Hyper-V over SMB Virtual Fibre Channel HBA (guest clustering)

Failover Cluster Deployment
5/5/2018 8:13 PM Failover Cluster Deployment © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Hyper-V Validation Tests
Faster storage validation Select a specific LUN Replicated storage for multi-site New Hyper-V Configuration Tests Run when Hyper-V role is installed Integration Components Memory Compatibility Virtual Switch Compatibility Hyper-V Role Enabled Network Configuration Storage Configuration

Upgrading Clusters to Windows Server 2012
5/5/2018 Upgrading Clusters to Windows Server 2012 Cluster Migration Wizard Automated export / import of VMs Migrate to CSV disks Storage mapping Virtual network mapping Use the same storage or different storage © 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Hyper-V Optimization on a Cluster
5/5/2018 8:13 PM Hyper-V Optimization on a Cluster © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Virtual Machine Priority
Start Order Node Maintenance Running Priority Pre-emption shuts down lower priority VMs No Auto Start Must be restarted manually Low High Medium

Disable Starting Low Priority VMs
‘Auto Start’ setting configures if a VM should be automatically started on failover Group property Disabling mark groups as lower priority Enabled by default Disabled VMs needs manual restart to recover after a crash Also in Windows Server 2008 R2

Keep VMs on Preferred Hosts
‘Preferred Owners’ VMs will start on preferred host ‘Possible Owners’ VMs will start on a possible owner, only if a preferred owner is not available If neither a preferred or possible owner is available, the VM will move to an active node, but not start

Start VMs on Preferred Hosts
‘Persistent Mode’ will attempt to place VMs back on the last node they were hosted on during start Only takes affect when complete cluster is started up Prevents overloading the first nodes that startup with large numbers of VMs Better VM distribution after cold start Enabled by default for VM groups Option is hidden from GUI in 2012

Keep VMs off the Same Host
AntiAffinityClassNames Groups with same AACN try to avoid residing on the same node Configured by PowerShell directly on the cluster System Center 2012 VMM has a GUI “Availability Groups” Enables VM distribution across host nodes for best resource utilization Scenarios Separate similar VMs Guest cluster nodes DCs or infrastructure servers Separate tenets For affinity, use preferred owners VMM Availability Groups: AACN allows VMs to be forced to be distributed as much as possible, for example the 4 “blue” VMs will spread across the 4 nodes. The 6 “red” VMs will spread across the 4 nodes as optimally as possible, with 2 nodes having 2 VMs. If there are more VMs with the same AACN, there will be more than 1 VM per node Configurable through PowerShell or Cluster.exe Useful to avoid having a single host take down a key piece of infrastructure which is running in VMs. If all the virtualized DCs are on the same host, then losing that host will take down the entire infrastructure, so it is optimal to spread them out so that losing a single host will not take down all DCs.

VM Health Monitoring Enable VM heartbeat setting
Requires Integration Components (ICs) installed in VM Health check for VM OS from host User-Mode Hangs System Crashes CLUSTER SAN

VM Guest Service Monitoring
5/5/2018 VM Guest Service Monitoring The host monitors the guest VM Any application with a service Uses Service Control Manager Configurable recovery actions Restart service Reboot VM Move VM © 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Node Drain (Node Maintenance) Mode
Drain all VMs off a node Supports all cluster roles Role-specific features Live migration or quick migration for VMs Uses VM Priority Suspend-ClusterNode Resume-ClusterNode

Cluster-Aware Updating
Update Coordinator Automated cluster updating Coordinator serially updates all nodes Windows Update Agent (WUA) Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) Windows Update Workflow Scan nodes to find which patches are needed Identify node with fewest workloads Move workloads or live migration VMs to other nodes Call to WUA to patch Verify patch is successful Repeat steps 2 – 5 on next node Repeat on remaining nodes Windows Update

So You’re a Building a Cloud…
I have good processes in place, but what other safeguards can I use to protect my data?

Server Hard Disks Appear on eBay Real Case : A US Power Company
5/5/2018 8:13 PM Server Hard Disks Appear on eBay Real Case : A US Power Company The Company had processes in place to either physically destroy drives or scrub them to U.S. DOD standards Degaussing Overwriting the data with a minimum of three specified patterns Data on drives used in servers, contained: Proprietary company information such as memos, correspondence Customers data (460,000+) & Confidential employee information According to Gartner about 1/3 companies use outside firms to dispose of PCs & Servers Microsoft Confidential

HIPAA Breach: Stolen Hard Drives
US CIO Summit – Fall 2010 5/5/2018 HIPAA Breach: Stolen Hard Drives March 2012: Large Medical Provider in Tennessee paying $1.5 million to the US Dept. Health & Human Services Theft of 57 hard drives that contained protected health information (ePHI) for over 1 million individuals Secured by: Security Patrols Biometric scanner Keycard scanner Magnetic locks Keyed locks “71% of health care organizations have suffered at least one data breach within the last year” -Study by Veriphyr © 2010 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Critical Safeguard for the Cloud Encrypted cluster volumes
5/5/2018 8:13 PM Critical Safeguard for the Cloud Encrypted cluster volumes BitLocker encrypted cluster disks Support for traditional failover disks Support for Cluster Shared Volumes Cluster Name Object (CNO) identity used to lock and unlock Clustered volumes Enables physical security for deployments outside of secure datacenters Branch office deployments Volume level encryption for compliance requirements Negligible (<1%) performance impact Microsoft Confidential

Cluster Shared Volumes & Live Migration
5/5/2018 8:13 PM Cluster Shared Volumes & Live Migration © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV)
All cluster nodes can read/write to the CSV volume LUN ownership by node abstracted from application Applications failover without drive ownership changes No dismounting and remounting of volumes Faster failover times (less downtime)

New CSV Architecture in Windows Server 2012
What it delivers Improved interoperability with file system mini-filter drivers Anti-virus software Backup software (No more redirected mode for backups!) Infrastructure for application consistent distributed backups Integrate with new file system features Support for Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX) Spot-fixing integrated to do online correction Significant performance improvements Supports BitLocker encrypted volumes Memory mapped files now supported No longer Active Directory dependencies for improved performance and resiliency

Your Thoughts on VM Mobility
Don’t provide new features that preclude Live Migration. I want to be able to securely move any part of a VM anywhere at anytime. No Limits. No Downtime Servicing SAN Upgrades/Migrations When VMs migrate, move the historical data with the VM Fully Leverage hardware to speed migrations

Improved Live Migration
Live Migration Queuing Concurrent Live Migrations Concurrent Live Migrations: Multiple simultaneous LMs for a given source or target Live Migration Queuing: In-box tools queue & manage large numbers of VMs

Memory content is copied to new server
5/5/2018 8:13 PM Live Migration Entire VM memory copied Memory content is copied to new server Live Migrate VHD SAN May be additional incremental data copies until data on both nodes is essentially identical Enable-VMMigration, Move-VM

Client directed to new host
5/5/2018 8:13 PM Live Migration VHD SAN Client directed to new host Session state is maintained No reconnections necessary Clients stay connected to VM Multiple live migrations can be performed either concurrently or as a queued request ARP redirects clients to new node Old VM deleted after success

Live Migration with SMB
File Based Storage Solution Storage is not moved, just the running virtual machine Like live migration in a cluster, without high availability Requires SMB 3.0

Shared Nothing Live Migration
Ability to live migrate a virtual machine with only an Ethernet cable The VM is mirrored to the destination first over the network and then the VM is migrated Live Migrate in/out cluster Live Migrate between clusters

Storage Migration Move any part of a running virtual machine with no need to turn it off VHDs Config files Snapshots Perform storage upgrades with no downtime Respond to I/O bottlenecks with no downtime Move-VMStorage

Storage Migration Architecture
5/5/2018 8:13 PM Storage Migration Architecture Hyper-V Virtual Machine VHD Software VHD Source Device Destination Device This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary. ©2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

5/5/2018 8:13 PM Storage Migration Architecture Hyper-V Virtual Machine Source Device Destination Device VHD VHD Software This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary. ©2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

5/5/2018 8:13 PM Storage Migration Architecture Hyper-V Virtual Machine VHD Software Move-VMStorage "File Server 3" –DestinationStoragePath "K:\File Server 3" Source Device Destination Device VHD This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary. ©2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

5/5/2018 8:13 PM Hyper-V Replica © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Disaster Recovery Challenges
Cost Complexity Inflexibility Initial Replication Distance Requirements

Hyper-V Replica Disaster recovery scenarios Key features
5/5/2018 8:13 PM Hyper-V Replica Disaster recovery scenarios Planned, unplanned, and test failover Pre-configuration for IP settings for primary/remote location Key features Recovery point objective and recovery time objective in minutes Seamless integration with Hyper-V and clustering Automatically handles all VM mobility scenarios (e.g. live migration) Supports heterogonous storage between primary and recovery Integrates with Volume Shadow Services (VSS) Enable-VMReplication Set-VMReplicationServer Microsoft Confidential

NASA Image: Hurricane Sandy

Hurricane Sandy: Email from 10/30/12
Good morning; The Hurricane hit our area badly; many downed trees, even on my wife’s car. Flooding and total power cuts were everywhere. We are very grateful that everyone is well. I now want to thank the Microsoft 2012 server team for giving businesses the new replica feature. Two of our clients (both whom cannot be without their IT infrastructure) were flooded entirely, and might take 2 weeks to get back into their businesses. At 7pm last night we failed over their entire domains to the Replica site, and they have been able to continue their daily business with ZERO interruption. “Windows Server 2012 saved their business”. 10/30/2012

Hyper-V Replica Complements Array Based Replication
5/5/2018 8:13 PM Hyper-V Replica Complements Array Based Replication Replication Provider Cost Management Performance Hyper-V Replica Microsoft Flexible Storage Options Available Unlimited VM Replication included VM Granularity Open APIs provide extensibility, interoperability and prevent vendor lock-in 5 minutes RPOs Application Level Consistency File Level Consistency Storage Based Replication NetApp, HP, Fujitsu, IBM, Hitachi, FalconStor, 3Par, EMC, LSI, Compellent, EqualLogic and more… High end replicating storage Additional replication software LUN-VM Layout Coordination with storage team Synchronous Replication High Data Volumes Microsoft Confidential

Key Hyper-V Replica Takeaways
Easy to Setup Via wizard Or, via PowerShell Works with your current hardware All you need is two connected servers running Windows Server 2012 No Guest Dependencies

5/5/2018 8:13 PM Appendix © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Hyper-V Replica Step-by-Step

New Live Migrations Storage live migration Network live migration
5/5/2018 New Live Migrations Storage live migration Network live migration “Shared nothing” live migration Hyper-V Replica Animation on the following slide © 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Storage Live Migration:
New Live Migrations Network Live Migration: Moves VMs across the network, supports concurrent LMs Network Branch Office SAN “Shared Nothing” Live Migration: Moves VMs & VHDs across the network & SAN, supports concurrent LMs Hyper-V Replica: Point-in-time replication of VHDs for disaster recovery Network VHD VHD Storage Live Migration: Moves VHDs from one disk to another, supports concurrent LMs

Hyper-V High Availability and Live Migration

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