1. Gymnosperm vs Angiosperm
Flowers, Fruits and Seeds too

2. Seed Plants
Seed plants are plants that produce seeds in order to reproduce.
Two types of seed plants exist today:
Gymnosperms
“gymno” – meaning “naked”
“sperm” – meaning “seed”
Angiosperms
“angio” – meaning “vessel”

3. Gymnosperm Characteristics
Oldest of seed plants
Used to be most abundant type of plant on the planet, now only four groups exist:
Cycads
Conifers
Ginkgoes
Gnetophytes
Have needle-like or scale-like leaves

4. Gymnosperm Examples Cycads Live mainly in tropic regions
Look like a palm tree but produce a cone
Cycad Cone

5. Gymnosperm Examples Conifers Cone bearing plants
Have needles for leaves
Most diverse group
Pines
Sequoias
Junipers
Western White Pine

6. Gymnosperm Examples-Conifers con’t.
Sequoia Juniper

7. Gymnosperm Examples Gnetophyte
Can grow in hot deserts or in tropical rain forests
Can live to 1,000 years
Welwitschia

8. Gymnosperm Reproduction
Most gymnosperms produce cones
Male – makes pollen
Female – contains the ovule
Ovule contains the egg cell which, after fertilization, becomes a seed
Fertilization – the joining of a sperm and an egg

9. Gymnosperm Reproduction

10. Angiosperm Characteristics
ALL angiosperms produce flowers
ALL Flowers make a fruit!
ALL angiosperms have seeds that are enclosed in fruits (the “vessel”)

11. Angiosperm Examples
Apple blossom
Wheat

12. Angiosperm Examples
Lily
Tomato

13. ANYTHING THAT HAS A FLOWER!

14. Flower Structure
The flower is the reproductive structure of an angiosperm.
Sepals – leaf like structures that protect the developing flower
Petals – generally the most colorful part of the flower
Color, size, shape and odor attract pollinators

15. Flower Structure - Petals
Bright blue and violet – bees
Red, pink, fuchsia or purple – Hummingbirds
Yellow, orange, pink and reds - Butterflies

16. Flower Structure – Stamen
Stamen – the MALE part of the flower, has two parts:
Anther – Makes pollen
Filament – holds up the anther

17. Flower Structure - Pistil
Pistil – the FEMALE part of the flower, has three parts
Stigma – has a sticky surface to catch pollen
Style – tube – like structure the pollen travels down
Ovary – contains the ovules (eggs) and becomes the fruit after fertilization
Ovules (eggs) – become the seeds after fertilization

18. Flower Structure

19. Fruits
The fruit is a ripened ovary used to protect the developing seeds, enable the seeds to be carried to a new location and nourish the seeds when deposited on the ground
If it has a seed, it is a FRUIT (according to science)
All Flowers make a Fruit. True story.
Peppers, cucumbers, avocadoes are fruits

20. Fruits

23. Seeds Seeds – ovules that become fertilized
Carry the genetic information for a new plant

24. Seed Dispersal Seeds are dispersed or spread in 4 main ways: Wind
Water
Animal
Fur
Feces
Expulsion

25. Wind dispersal

26. Seed Dispersal

27. Seed dispersal

28. Just Common Courtesy

29. Seed Dispersal

30. Life Cycle of an Angiosperm