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7 The Muscular System.

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Presentation on theme: "7 The Muscular System."— Presentation transcript:

1 7 The Muscular System

2 Identify this part 2 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

3 The plasma membrane of the muscle cell is called the
sarcolemma. sarcomere. sarcosome. sarcoplasmic reticulum. sarcoplasm. 10

4 Identify this part 3 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

5 Identify this part 9 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

6 A person whose genetic makeup makes him or her a better marathon runner than a sprinter probably has more ________ in his or her leg muscles. fast fibers intermediate fibers slow fibers Purple fibers Pink fibers 10

7 Identify this part 6 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

8 Identify this part 8 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

9 Identify this part 10 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

10 Identify this part 11 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

11 Identify this part 12 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

12 Identify this part 21 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

13 The contractile unit of muscle is called a
sarcolemma. sarcomere. sarcosome. sarcoplasmic reticulum. sarcoplasm. 10

14 Identify this part 14 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

15 A muscle ________ , also known as a muscle cell, contains a sarcolemma, sarcoplasm, myofilaments, and myofibrils. fiber intercalated disc T-tubule myofibril motor end plate 10

16 Identify this part 15 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

17 Identify this part G 10 Myofilaments Myofibril Thin filament
Sarcolemma Mitochondria T tubules Thick filament Sarcoplasmic reticulum 10

18 Identify this part 16 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

19 Identify this part E 10 Myofilaments Myofibril Thin filament
Sarcolemma Mitochondria T tubules Thick filament Sarcoplasmic reticulum 10

20 Identify this part 17 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

21 Identify this part 18 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

22 Identify this part 19 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

23 Identify this part 20 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

24 Identify this part 1 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

25 Identify this part C 10 Myofilaments Myofibril Thin filament
Sarcolemma Mitochondria T tubules Thick filament Sarcoplasmic reticulum 10

26 Identify this part 2 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

27 Identify this part 3 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

28 A long, filamentous organelle found within muscle cells that has a banded appearance is called a
myofibril epimysium. ATP and ADP. troponin. tropomyosin. 10

29 Identify this part I 10 Myofilaments Myofibril Thin filament
Sarcolemma Mitochondria T tubules Thick filament Sarcoplasmic reticulum 10

30 The skeletal muscles store calcium ions in the terminal cisternae of the
sarcolemma. sarcomere. sarcosome. sarcoplasmic reticulum. sarcoplasm. 10

31 Identify this part H 10 Myofilaments Myofibril Thin filament
Sarcolemma Mitochondria T tubules Thick filament Sarcoplasmic reticulum 10

32 The cytoplasm of the muscle cell is called the
sarcolemma. sarcomere. sarcosome. sarcoplasmic reticulum. sarcoplasm. 10

33 Identify this part 4 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

34 Identify this part 5 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

35 Skeletal muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that these muscle fibers
lack a plasma membrane. have many nuclei. are very small. lack mitochondria. contain endoplasmic reticulum. 10

36 Identify this part 1 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

37 A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called
endomysium. perimysium. sarcolemma. sarcomere. epimysium. 10

38 Which of the following characteristics describes cardiac muscle?
Cardiac muscle cells are striated and branched with intercalated discs. Cardiac muscle cells achieve tetany with every contraction. Cardiac muscle fibers are multinucleated. Cardiac muscle fibers are faster than skeletal muscles. Neurons that innervate cardiac muscle tissue are under voluntary control.

39 Identify this part 7 10 Orbicularis oris Pectolaris major
External oblique Sternocleidomsatoid Biceps brachii Deltoid Vastus lateralis Frontalis Rectus femoris Sartorius Gracilis Adductor group Fibularis longus Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Masseter Vastus medialis Tibialis anterior Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis 10

40 Activities requiring aerobic endurance are
characterized by brief, intense workouts characterized by amino acids not being broken down. characterized by sustained, low levels of activity characterized fatigue that occurs in a few minutes. characterized by constant muscle hypertrophy. 10

41 A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a fascicle ________.
endomysium perimysium sarcolemma epimysium sarcoplasmic reticulum 10

42 Identify this part 4 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

43 Identify this part J 10 Myofilaments Myofibril Thin filament
Sarcolemma Mitochondria T tubules Thick filament Sarcoplasmic reticulum 10

44 The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from myofilaments which are composed of proteins called the transverse tubule (T-tubule) the sarcoplasmic reticulum. cisternae placement. actin and myosin. the perimysium. 10

45 Identify this part 5 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

46 Identify this part 10 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

47 Thin connective tissue surrounding each muscle cell
endomysium. perimysium. epimysium. sarcolemma. periosteum. 10

48 Identify this part 6 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

49 Identify this part 7 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

50 Tubes that form from the sarcolemma that allow for electrical stimuli to reach deep into each fiber are called the transverse tubule pattern. (T-tubule) the sarcoplasmic reticulum. cisternae placement. actin and myosin. the perimysium. 10

51 Identify this part 8 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

52 Identify this part 9 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Trapezius 10

53 Which of the following statements best describes how muscles help maintain homeostasis?
The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move elements of the skeleton. Skeletal muscles are responsible for guarding the openings of the digestive and urinary tracts. Skeletal muscles are responsible for the pumping action of the heart. Skeletal muscles support the weight of some internal organs. Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature. 10

54 Identify this part 11 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

55 Identify this part 12 10 Adductor muscle Gluteus maximus Gastrocnemius
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Semitendinosus Soleus Biceps femoris Triceps brachii External oblique Gluteus medius Trapezius 10

56 Identify this part A 10 Myofilaments Myofibril Thin filament
Sarcolemma Mitochondria T tubules Thick filament Sarcoplasmic reticulum 10

57 Identify this part F 10 Myofilaments Myofibril Thin filament
Sarcolemma Mitochondria T tubules Thick filament Sarcoplasmic reticulum 10

58 Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is
cardiac. red skeletal. smooth. white skeletal. intermediate skeletal. 10

59 What structure divides the skeletal muscle into compartments and contains collagen fibers, elastic fibers, blood vessels, and nerves? fascicle endomysium perimysium epimysium Answer: c. perimysium

60 What structure divides the skeletal muscle into compartments and contains collagen fibers, elastic fibers, blood vessels, and nerves? fascicle endomysium perimysium epimysium Answer: c. perimysium

61 Structures filled with extracellular fluid, formed by the tunneling of the sarcolemma through the muscle fiber, are called transverse tubules (T tubules). sarcomeres. sarcoplasmic reticulum. myofibrils. Answer: a. transverse tubules (T tubules).

62 Structures filled with extracellular fluid, formed by the tunneling of the sarcolemma through the muscle fiber, are called transverse tubules (T tubules). sarcomeres. sarcoplasmic reticulum. myofibrils. Answer: a. transverse tubules (T tubules).

63 Which of the following accurately lists the levels of organization within a muscle from largest to smallest? muscle fiber, myofilament, myofibril myofilament, myofibril, muscle fiber muscle fiber, myofibril, myofilament Z line, A band, I band, M line Answer: c. muscle fiber, myofibril, myofilament

64 Which of the following accurately lists the levels of organization within a muscle from largest to smallest? muscle fiber, myofilament, myofibril myofilament, myofibril, muscle fiber muscle fiber, myofibril, myofilament Z line, A band, I band, M line Answer: c. muscle fiber, myofibril, myofilament

65 Which of the following parts of a sarcomere contain the protein actin only?
I band A band H band All of the answers are correct. Answer: a. I band

66 Which of the following parts of a sarcomere contain the protein actin only?
I band A band H band All of the answers are correct. Answer: a. I band

67 What is the biochemical explanation for rigor mortis?
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is unable to remove calcium ions from the sarcoplasm. Skeletal muscle fibers have too much ATP stored, resulting in sustained muscle contractions. Cross-bridges remain detached from the active sites on actin. None of the answers is correct. Answer: a. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is unable to remove calcium ions from the sarcoplasm.

68 What is the biochemical explanation for rigor mortis?
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is unable to remove calcium ions from the sarcoplasm. Skeletal muscle fibers have too much ATP stored, resulting in sustained muscle contractions. Cross-bridges remain detached from the active sites on actin. None of the answers is correct. Answer: a. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is unable to remove calcium ions from the sarcoplasm.

69 Which of the following statements regarding fast skeletal muscle fibers is true?
They are small in diameter, have large glycogen reserves, and have relatively few mitochondria. They are large in diameter, with relatively few mitochondria. They have a greater oxygen supply than slow fibers. All of the statements are true. Answer: b. They are large in diameter, with relatively few mitochondria.

70 Which of the following statements regarding fast skeletal muscle fibers is true?
They are small in diameter, have large glycogen reserves, and have relatively few mitochondria. They are large in diameter, with relatively few mitochondria. They have a greater oxygen supply than slow fibers. All of the statements are true. Answer: b. They are large in diameter, with relatively few mitochondria.

71 Which of the following areas of the human body are dominated by slow fibers?
eye and hand muscles back and calf muscles hand and foot muscles pelvic and leg muscles Answer: b. back and calf muscles

72 Which of the following areas of the human body are dominated by slow fibers?
eye and hand muscles back and calf muscles hand and foot muscles pelvic and leg muscles Answer: b. back and calf muscles

73 Which of the following statements about how skeletal muscles use and store energy is true?
At rest, muscles use glycogen stores for energy. During light activity, muscles generate energy through the aerobic breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, or amino acids. At peak levels of activity, muscles generate energy by aerobic breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, or amino acids. Glycolysis produces ATP more efficiently than aerobic respiration. Answer: b. During light activity, muscles generate energy through the aerobic breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, or amino acids.

74 Which of the following statements about how skeletal muscles use and store energy is true?
At rest, muscles use glycogen stores for energy. During light activity, muscles generate energy through the aerobic breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, or amino acids. At peak levels of activity, muscles generate energy by aerobic breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, or amino acids. Glycolysis produces ATP more efficiently than aerobic respiration. Answer: b. During light activity, muscles generate energy through the aerobic breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, or amino acids.

75 Curare is best known as the South American "poison arrow" toxin used for hunting. A synthetic form of curare is used routinely in emergency care to facilitate intubation. Curare specifically blocks acetylcholine (ACh) receptors. What is the result of administering curare to a skeletal muscle group? contraction relaxation repeated twitching depolarization Answer: b. relaxation

76 Curare is best known as the South American "poison arrow" toxin used for hunting. A synthetic form of curare is used routinely in emergency care to facilitate intubation. Curare specifically blocks acetylcholine (ACh) receptors. What is the result of administering curare to a skeletal muscle group? contraction relaxation repeated twitching depolarization Answer: b. relaxation

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