1. Cell Organelles

2. An organelle is a membrane-bound structure that carries out specific activities for the cell.
Video:
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3. COMMON CELL TRAITS
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

4. COMPARING CELLS
The size & shape of a cell relates to its function. (job it does)

5. PROKARYOTIC CELLS (proh KAYR ee yah tihk)
cells without a nucleus
EX: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria
pond scum

6. EUKARYOTIC CELLS (yew KAYR ee yah tihk)
cells with a nucleus
EX: animals, plants, fungi and protists
Prokaryotic vs. Eucaryotic interactive explanation

7. ORGANELLES Organelle = “little organ”
An organelle is a membrane-bound structure that carries out specific activities for the cell.
Found only inside eukaryotic cells

8. CELL WALL (Plant Cell Only)
Protects and supports
Gives shape
Stiff covering located outside of the cell membrane
Allows materials to pass through
A cell wall is found in plants, algae, fungi, & most bacteria cells.

9. CELL MEMBRANE Outer covering, protective layer around ALL cells.
For cells with cell walls, the cell membrane is inside the cell wall.
Allows food, oxygen, & water into the cell & waste products out of the cell.

10. CYTOPLASM Not an organelle Cyto=cell Translucent, grayish, jellylike
All organelles reside (live and float around in) the cytoplasm
Gelatin-like inside cell membrane
Constantly flows
Made mostly of water

11. NUCLEUS Directs all cell activities
Contains instructions for everything the cell does
These instructions are found on a hereditary material called DNA
Usually the largest organelle
Easiest organelle to see under a microscope

12. CHLOROPLAST (Plant Cell Only)
Contains chlorophyll
Makes plants green
Uses light energy to make ATP & sugars
Photosynthesis takes place here

13. CHLOROPHYLL A green chemical that gives leaves & stems their color
Captures sunlight energy that is used to produce food called glucose
Glucose is a type of sugar

14. MITOCHONDRIA Organelles that release energy from food
This energy is released by breaking down food into carbon dioxide
A.k.a. the powerhouse b/c they release energy from food

15. RIBOSOMES Make proteins
Float freely or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Ribosomes are made in the nucleus

16. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
A.k.a. “ER”
A series of folded membranes that move materials (proteins) around in a cell
Like a conveyor belt
Smooth ER – ribosomes not attached to ER
Rough ER – ribosomes attached to ER

17. GOLGI COMPLEX Stack of flat, pancake-shaped discs
Modify, sort, package, and store carbohydrates and proteins until they are needed.
Makes lysosomes

18. LYSOSOMES Breaks down materials for digestion
Contains special enzymes for digestion in the cell
Garbage disposal of the cell

19. VACUOLE Most plant cells have one large one Filled w/ fluid
Temporary storage spaces
Stores food, water, waste
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20. Plant and Animal Cells both have:
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm with organelles

21. Plant and Animal Cell Differences
PLANT CELL
Has a cell wall which is thicker and tougher than a cell membrane.
Contains chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll and allows the plant to make its own food.
ANIMAL CELL
Does not contain a cell wall.
Does not contain chloroplasts.

22. Inside a Cell Tour: I like how you watch them change the cell from a animal cell to a plant cell. The difference between the two is made very obvious.

23. Comparing a Factory to a Cell
1- Nucleus
2- Chromosomes
3- Mitochondria
4- Ribosomes
5- Chloroplasts
6- Vacuoles
7- ER
8- Cell Membrane

24. Quick Review Which organelle is the control center of the cell?
Nucleus
Which organelle holds the cell together?
Cell membrane
Which organelles are not found in animal cells?
Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts
Which organelle helps plant cells make food?
Chloroplasts
What does E.R. stand for?
Endoplasmic reticulum
You may choose to delete the answers from the PowerPoint or change the animation so that they come in after all 5 questions are asked in case you want to quiz students individually at the end.

25. NAME THE ORGANELLE a. _________ c. ___________ b. ___________
d. ____________

26. NAME THE ORGANELLE a. Nucleus c. Golgi body b. Chloroplast
d. Mitochondria