1. INDEPENDENCE VISITOR CENTER PHILADELPHIA, PA LUTRON LIGHTING PRESENTATION DECEMBER 10, 2002
BY LISA BORNEMANN
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

2. INDEPENDENCE VISITOR CENTER
TABLE OF CONTENTS
BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS
REDESIGNED SPACES
EAST WALL & TRELLIS
THEATER
TICKET COUNTER
MAIN HALL
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

3. INDEPENDENCE VISITOR CENTER
BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS
LOCATION
Philadelphia, PA
Built as part of the redevelopment of Independence National Historical Park along with the Liberty Bell Pavilion and the National Constitution Center
Built on block two of the three-block, 15 acre Independence Mall
Picture courtesy of Brinjac Engineering
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

4. INDEPENDENCE VISITOR CENTER
BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS
ARCHITECT
Kallmann McKinnell & Wood Architects
DESCRIPTION
54,000 sq. ft., two story facility built above an existing three level underground parking garage
Steel building with a brick façade
Copper, hip roof with skylights
COMPLETION
November 19, 2001
COST
Total cost: $22,000,000
Picture courtesy of Brinjac Engineering
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

5. INDEPENDENCE VISITOR CENTER
BUILDING ORIENTATION
Philadelphia, PA:
Latitude: 39° N Longitude: 75° W
East Wall & Trellis
Theater
Ticket Counter
Main Hall
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

6. INDEPENDENCE VISITOR CENTER
REDESIGNED SPACES
EAST WALL & TRELLIS
THEATER
TICKET COUNTER
MAIN HALL
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

7. EAST WALL & TRELLIS SPACE CHARACTERISTICS Trellis
Walkway next to the east wall
Brick columns holding up white wooden beams
Ivy covers the top
East wall
Brick façade
Large windows along entire facade
SPACE CHARACTERISTICS
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

8. EAST WALL & TRELLIS GOALS East Elevation
Draw attention to the building at night
Highlight the ivy growing on the trellis
Highlight the walkway along the building
East Elevation
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

9. EAST WALL & TRELLIS LOCATION Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

10. EAST WALL & TRELLIS DESIGN OPTION 1 Uplight ivy on trellis:
Inverted metal halide recessed step light
Graze brick column:
Metal halide accent light hidden within trellis
Downlight lights the walkway as well as the column
Uplight brick facade:
In-grade metal halide uplights
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

11. EAST WALL & TRELLIS DESIGN OPTION 1 DETAIL
Inverted CFL recessed step light
Ivy on white wooden trellis
Metal halide accent light hidden within trellis
Brick column
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

12. EAST WALL & TRELLIS DESIGN OPTION 2 Uplight brick façade and columns:
In-grade metal halide uplights
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

13. EAST WALL & TRELLIS UPLIGHT EXAMPLE Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

14. INDEPENDENCE VISITOR CENTER
REDESIGNED SPACES
EAST FAÇADE & TRELLIS
THEATER
TICKET COUNTER
MAIN HALL
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

15. THEATER
LOCATION
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

16. THEATER SPACE CHARACTERISTICS Finishes Floor Walls Ceiling Furniture
DESCRIPTION
170 seat theater with 12 rows of bench seating
There are a projection screen and podium in the front of the room
DIMENSIONS
Room: 46’-7” x 34’-11”
Height: Front wall = 11’-4”, Back wall = 6’-11 1/8”
Finishes
Floor
Walls
Ceiling
Furniture
Rubber - Matte dark gray
ρ = 0.20
Acoustical Panels on walls - Dark Quill
ρ = 0.40
Combination of acoustical panels and drywall painted matte off-white ρ = 0.70
Benches and Podium: Light wood with matte finish
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

17. THEATER DESIGN GOALS TASKS To create a pleasing, relaxed environment
To provide lighting appropriate for good facial rendering in audience and at podium
To create adequate visibility for safe circulation
To provide comfortable viewing conditions
To provide a power density that is 60% of the recommended value from ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1
TASKS
Viewing the video
Listening and watching a speaker at the podium
Reading programs before the video
Entering or leaving the theater during the video
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

18. THEATER DESIGN CRITERIA Power Density
ASHRAE Standard 90.1 = 0.5 – 3.2 W/sq.ft.
Aim for 0.5 W/sq.ft.
Facial Modeling when using podium
Good color rendering: Use lamps with CRI = 80’s
Use warmer lamps to make people look healthy and alive: CCT = 3500
Eliminate shadows with careful placement of light fixtures
Reading
Have capabilities to provide 30 fc on the workplane during intermission, always have a minimum of 5 fc
Minimize shadows with careful placement of light fixtures
Circulation before, after, and during the video
During video circulation have fc
During intermission, before, after video: 5 fc
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

19. THEATER LIGHTING MODE RELAXED
Used when first entering the theater before the show and during intermission
Non-uniform lighting mode
Peripheral wall emphasis
HOW ACHIEVED
Dimmable wall sconces mounted on the two side walls
Dimmable fluorescent cove lighting
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

20. THEATER LIGHTING MODE VISUAL CLARITY
Bright, uniform direct lighting with peripheral emphasis
Used when speaker is at podium
Used when audience is reading programs
HOW ACHIEVED
Accent lighting on speaker at podium
Compact Fluorescent downlights on dimmers
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

21. THEATER FLOOR PLAN AND LIGHTING LAYOUT IR Accent Light CFL Wall Sconce
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

22. THEATER PROPOSED LIGHTING LAYOUT Uplight ceiling:
1-lamp fluorescent T8 strip located in cove
Downlights:
CFL downlight with 6” aperature
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

23. THEATER DESIGN SKETCH Below: West side wall Above: Back wall
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

24. THEATER Dimming Control System Divide theater into zones and scenes
All wall sconces dimmed on one zone
Accent lights aimed at podium
A separate zone for each row of downlights parallel to the screen
All fluorescent cove fixtures on one zone
Scenes
Entering/Intermission/Leaving
During Video
Speaker at podium
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

25. INDEPENDENCE VISITOR CENTER
REDESIGNED SPACES
EAST FAÇADE & TRELLIS
THEATER
TICKET COUNTER
MAIN HALL
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

26. TICKET COUNTER
LOCATION
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

27. TICKET COUNTER STATISTICS Finishes Floor Walls Ceiling Furniture
DESCRIPTION
17 VDT screens on three sides of counter space
Back wall behind main counter has Independence Visitor Center Sign
DIMENSIONS
Main counter: 52’ long
Side counters: 11’ long
Height: 9’-4”
Finishes
Floor
Walls
Ceiling
Furniture
Rubber - Matte dark gray
ρ = 0.20
Gypsum Wall Board painted off-white (Larson's Cream)
ρ = 0.55
Acoustic ceiling tile, white
ρ = 0.70
Desk: Light maple wood
Counter: Dark gray, matte, corian synthetic
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

28. TICKET COUNTER DESIGN GOALS TASKS
To attract attention to the spatial surfaces
To make space warm and inviting
To use good facial modeling to make the workers look approachable
To prevent glare on VDT screens
To provide a power density that is 60% of the recommended value from ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1
TASKS
VDT screen usage
Reading written and printed tasks
Facial Modeling
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

29. TICKET COUNTER DESIGN CRITERIA Power Density
ASHRAE Standard 90.1 = 1.5 W/sq. ft.
Aim for 60% ASHRAE = 0.9 W/sq. ft
VDT screen usage
Minimize reflected and direct glare on VDT screens
Source-Task-Eye Geometry: locate light fixtures out of offending zone
Reading written and printed tasks
Provide a minimum of 30 fc on the countertop
Minimize shadows with careful placement of light fixtures
Facial Modeling
Good color rendering: Use lamps with CRI = 80’s
Use warmer lamps to make people look healthy and alive: CCT = 3500
Eliminate harsh shadows by placement of luminaires
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

30. TICKET COUNTER Lighting Mode – Attract Attention
Lighting the back wall behind the ticket counter
Frosted glass will be placed
in front of the back wall
T8 fluorescent strips will be
used to backlight the glass
The letters from the sign will
be mounted directly to the glass
Lighting Mode – Visual Clarity
Recessed fluorescent troffer with louvers placed above ticket counter
Placed in front of VDT screens so direct glare is not a problem
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

31. TICKET COUNTER FLOOR PLAN AND LIGHTING LAYOUT
Backlit frosted glass wall
T8 strip mounted in cove as a wallwasher
Recessed 1-lamp T8 fixture with brushed aluminum louvers
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

32. TICKET COUNTER FLOOR PLAN AND LIGHTING LAYOUT Main Counter
Side Counter
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

33. TICKET COUNTER FROSTED GLASS Fluorescent T8 strips Back white wall
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

34. TICKET COUNTER BACKLIT WALL DETAILS Fluorescent T8 strip
White Back Wall
Frosted Glass Wall
White Side Wall
PLAN VIEW AT BACKLIT WALL
Fluorescent T8 strip
White Back Wall
SECTION AT BACKWALL
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

35. TICKET COUNTER DESIGN SKETCH Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

36. INDEPENDENCE VISITOR CENTER
REDESIGNED SPACES
EAST FAÇADE & TRELLIS
THEATER
TICKET COUNTER
MAIN HALL
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

37. MAIN HALL
LOCATION
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

38. MAIN HALL STATISTICS Finishes Floor Walls Ceiling DESCRIPTION
Two-story open space with exposed truss roof
Skylights exist in parts of the roof
Large windows on the west side
Main circulation space
DIMENSIONS
20’-8 ¾” x 426’ Height: 36’-5”
Finishes
Floor
Walls
Ceiling
Gray-Green Terrazzo
ρ = 0.30
Gypsum Wall Board painted off-white (Larson's Cream)
ρ = 0.55
Perforated metal deck w/ acoustical panels, painted matte white. Parts with skylights.
ρ = 0.70
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

39. MAIN HALL DESIGN GOALS TASKS
To create a pleasing, inviting environment
To lead visitors through the space
To use good facial modeling
To incorporate daylighting as much as possible
To provide a power density that is 60% of the recommended value from ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1
TASKS
Facial Modeling
Circulation
Reading flat displays on vertical surfaces
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

40. MAIN HALL DESIGN CRITERIA Power Density
ASRAE Standard 90.1: W/sq.ft.
Aim for 0.5 W/sq.ft.
Reading flat displays on vertical surfaces
Vertical illuminance = 30 fc
Minimize shadows with careful placement of light fixtures
Minimize reflected and direct glare from fixtures and daylight
Good color rendering: Lamps with CRI = 80’s
Facial modeling
Good color rendering: Use lamps with CRI = 80’s
Use warmer lamps to make people look healthy and alive: CCT = 3500
Eliminate harsh shadows by careful placement of luminaires
Circulation
Horizontal illuminance = 10 – 20 fc
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

41. MAIN HALL LIGHTING PROPOSAL 2-lamp T8 strip fixtures with blue gels
Uplight roof
2-lamp T8 strip fixtures with blue gels
Blue gels – give cool feeling like the sky
Add more skylights
Uplight inside openings
Lightbox
Warm color lamp – 2700K
No Color Blue τ = 62%
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

42. MAIN HALL LIGHTBOX LIGHTBOX DETAIL 1”= 1’-0” 2’ x 7’-5 3/8” x 1’
1:1 ratio for distance from lamp to acrylic and distance between lamps
½” Acrylic
LIGHTBOX DETAIL 1”= 1’-0”
T8 Fluorescent Strip
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

43. MAIN HALL LIGHTING PROPOSAL Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA

44. THE END
QUESTIONS?????
Independence Visitor Center
Philadelphia, PA