1. Co 5

2. Fig. 5.1 Hairs Epidermis Sebaceous gland Skin Arrector pili
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Hairs
Epidermis
Sebaceous
gland
Skin
Arrector pili
(smooth muscle)
Dermis
Hair follicle
Nerve
Vein
Subcutaneous tissue
(hypodermis)
Artery
Sweat gland
Adipose tissue

3. An incision made across cleavage lines can gap,
Fig. 5.3
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An incision made across
cleavage lines can gap,
increasing the time needed
for healing and resulting in
increased scar tissue
formation.
An incision made parallel to cleavage
lines results in less gapping, faster
healing, and less scar tissue.

4. b: ©Victor P. Eroschenko RF
Fig. 5.2
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Epidermis
Dermal
papilla
(a)
Duct of sweat gland
Stratum corneum
Intermediate strata
Stratum basale
Dermis
LM 40x
(b)
Dermal papillae
b: ©Victor P. Eroschenko RF

5. Fig. 5.1 Hairs Epidermis Sebaceous gland Skin Arrector pili
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Hairs
Epidermis
Sebaceous
gland
Skin
Arrector pili
(smooth muscle)
Dermis
Hair follicle
Nerve
Vein
Subcutaneous tissue
(hypodermis)
Artery
Sweat gland
Adipose tissue

6. Fig. 5.4 1 Melanosomes are produced by the
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. 1
Melanosomes are produced by the
Golgi apparatus of the melanocyte. 2
Melanosomes move into the
melanocyte cell processes. 3
Epithelial cells phagocytize the tips
of the melanocyte cell processes. 4
The melanosomes, which were
produced inside the melanocytes,
have been transferred to epithelial
cells and are now inside them. 3 4
Epithelial cell
Melanocyte 2
Melanosomes 1
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus

7. Fig. 5.10
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
(a)
(b)
(c)
a: ©Dr. P. Marazzi/SPL/Getty Images RF; b: ©Dr. P. Marazzi/Science Source; c: National Cancer Institute

8. Fig. 5.1 Hairs Epidermis Sebaceous gland Skin Arrector pili
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Hairs
Epidermis
Sebaceous
gland
Skin
Arrector pili
(smooth muscle)
Dermis
Hair follicle
Nerve
Vein
Subcutaneous tissue
(hypodermis)
Artery
Sweat gland
Adipose tissue

9. Fig. 5.5 Hair shaft (above skin surface) Medulla Hair root (below skin
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Hair shaft
(above skin
surface)
Medulla
Hair root
(below skin
surface)
Cortex
Hair
Cuticle
Arrector pili
(smooth muscle)
Sebaceous
gland
Hair follicle wall
Hair bulb
(base of
hair root)
Artery
Vein
Hair papilla
Adipose
tissue
(a)
Medulla
Cortex
Hair
Cuticle
Connective
tissue
Site of cell
divisions
that produce
the cells
of the hair
Hair
follicle
wall
Epithelial
tissue
Melanocyte
Stratum basale
Hair
papilla
Basement membrane
(b)

10. Fig. 5.7 Free edge Cuticle Nail body Nail root (under the skin)
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Free edge
Cuticle
Nail body
Nail root
(under the skin)
Nail body
Free edge
Nail
matrix
Lunula
Nail bed
Bone
Cuticle
Epidermis
Nail root
(a)
(b)

11. Sweat pores Duct of eccrine sweat gland Duct of apocrine sweat gland
Fig. 5.6
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Sweat pores
Duct of eccrine
sweat gland
Duct of
apocrine
sweat gland
Arrector pili
(smooth muscle)
Hair follicle
Sebaceous gland
Eccrine
sweat gland
Hair bulb
Apocrine
sweat gland

12. Fig. 5.8 1 Blood vessel dilation results in
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. 1
Blood vessel dilation results in
increased blood flow toward the
surface of the skin.
Blood vessel
dilates. 1 2
Heat loss
across the
epidermis
increases. 2
Increased blood flow beneath
the epidermis results in
increased heat loss (gold arrows).
(a)
Blood vessel
constricts. 3
Blood vessel constriction
results in decreased blood flow
toward the surface of the skin. 3 4
Heat loss
across the
epidermis
decreases. 4
Decreased blood flow beneath
the epidermis results in
decreased heat loss.
(b)

13. Partial- thickness Full- thickness First- degree Second- degree Third-
Fig. 5.9
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Partial-
thickness
Full-
thickness
First-
degree
Second-
degree
Third-
degree
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous
tissue

14. Burns Page 105 Symptoms Treatment
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MUSCULAR
Hypermetabolic state may
lead to loss in muscle mass.
SKELETAL
Increased red blood cell
production in red
bone marrow.
NERVOUS
Pain in partial-thickness burns;
body temperature increases as
control center in brain is reset;
abnormal ion levels disrupt
normal nervous system activity.
Burns
DIGESTIVE
Tissue damage to intestinal lining
and liver as a result of decreased
blood flow; bacteria of intestines
may cause systemic infection;
liver releases blood-clotting
factors in response to injury.
Symptoms
Tissue damage of skin and possibly deeper tissue
Edema
Shock
Microbial infection
LYMPHATIC AND IMMUNE
Inflammation; depression of immune
system may lead to infection.
Treatment
Intravenous fluids
High-protein, high-calorie diet
Antimicrobials
Debridement
Skin grafts
URINARY
Urine production decreases in
response to low blood
volume; tissue damage to
kidneys due to low blood flow.
CARDIOVASCULAR
Decreased blood volume, edema, and
shock may occur due to increased capillary
permeability; abnormal ion levels disrupt
normal heart rate; increased blood clotting
may cause venous thrombosis; preferential
blood flow promotes healing.
RESPIRATORY
Edema may obstruct airways;
increased respiratory rate in
response to hypermetabolic state.
ENDOCRINE
Release of epinephrine and
norepinephrine from the adrenal
glands in response to injury
contributes to hypermetabolic state
and increased body temperature.