1. The United States in WWI
The Great War
The United States in WWI

2. Bell Ringer: What were the main goals of Wilson’s Fourteen Points?
What were the similarities between the Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles?
What was the biggest difference?

3. Four Main Causes of World War I
M-A-N-I-A
Militarism
Alliance System
Nationalism
Imperialism
Assassination

4. Militarism Nations begin to build up their militaries
Usually in response to what other nations were doing
“Keeping up with the Jones’s”

5. Alliance System
Nations make agreements to protect each other in case they are attacked
Triple Alliance
Triple Entente
Austria-Hungary
Germany
Italy (will join Allies in 1915)
Great Britain
Russia
France
Unites States (will Join in 1917

6. Nationalism
Loyalty to your nation, belief that your nation is the best and strongest

7. Imperialism
Countries in Europe (Just like in the US) desire more land, wealth and colonies. Nations compete to see who can get the most colonies

8. Assassination Sparking Event (June 28, 1914)
The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary and his wife Sofia by a member of the Black Hand

9. The War Begins Central Powers Allied Powers Austria-Hungary Germany
Bulgaria
Ottoman Empire
Serbia
Russia
France
Great Britain
1915 – Italy
The United States is neutral for the first three years of the war and many Americans want to stay out of the war.

10. Why did the US enter the war
Submarine Warfare — Germans warn that all ships entering the waters around the British Isles are subjected to be sunk
German Unterseeboot (U-Boat)

11. Lusitania Lusitania (May 1915) passenger ship sunk by German U-boat
Was carrying ammunition as well as passengers -- passengers warned not to travel on Lusitania
Wilson protests to Germany – but nothing happens

12. The Final Straw Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (Feb. 1917)
Early February Germany decided to pursue “unrestricted submarine warfare”
Tell Wilson on January 31st, he cuts off diplomatic ties

13. The Final Straw Zimmerman Telegraph (March 1, 1917)
Coded message from Germany to Mexico.
Says if Mexico attacks US, Germany will help Mexico take back Arizona, New Mexico and Texas.
British intercepted, decoded and sent to the US

14. The Final Straw Russian Revolution (March 15, 1917)
Czar Nicholas II of Russia is toppled from power and Russia is taken over by a republican government (no communists yet) Russia not a monarchy - - now it is a war between democracy & autocratic rule

15. America Enters the War Wilson asks Congress for a declaration of war.
What impact did US soldiers have on the war?
America’s military resources of soldiers and war materials tipped the balance of the war and led to Germany’s defeat.

16. The Yanks are coming! US “Doughboys”

17. Preparing for war
Selective Service Act: institutes nationwide conscription/draft.
U.S. armed forces: from 200,000 to nearly 5 million!

18. Persuading for war
Wilson creates the Committee on Public Information (CPI) to influence public opinion to support the war effort.
George Creel is chairman.

19. George Creel’s Committee on Public Information: Propaganda Films

20. The U.S. Food Administration
Headed by Herbert Hoover; advised Americans to save certain foods for export to supply the Allied war effort.

21. “The 4 Minute Men”
Volunteer Army of 75,000, organized by the Creel’s CPI, these men gave patriotic, pro- war speeches before stages and movie shows nationwide.

22. Repression on the Home front
The Espionage Act: imprisonment and fine for anyone found guilty of aiding the enemy, obstructing recruitment, or causing insubordination in the armed forces.(1917)‏
The Sedition Act: outlawed any disloyal, profane, or abusive language intended to cause contempt, scorn, or disrepute to the government, Constitution, or flag.(1918)

23. Women Working in Factories
  A million women entered the American workforce during World War I. In this factory, women of all ages are packing hand grenade parts to be shipped overseas.

24. The Great Migration
The Great Migration was the migration of thousands of African-Americans from the South to the North. African Americans were looking to escape in the South and felt they could seek out life in the North

25. Post-war home front: Disappointment
African Americans
Women
Labor Unions
Immigrants
But the U.S. economy is growing and international influence/power is stronger…
C: A’sT: Shell Shock – start at 36:00

26. Following the War The Paris Peace Conference and the Fourteen Points
Fourteen Points are Wilson’s plan to eliminate the causes of war. He called for:
Self-determination
Freedom of the seas
League of Nations
Mandate system
French and English insisted on punishment of Germany.

27. Treaty of Versailles Treaty of Versailles
Germany accepted responsibility for starting the war : “war guilt clause”
Had to pay reparations to pay for war damages in other countries
A League of Nations was created to solve disputes and prevent future wars.
National boundaries were redrawn, creating many new nations.

28. US stance on the Treaty
The United States did not ratify the Treaty of Versailles
Did not like the League of Nations because they objected to US foreign policy being made by an international organization
Did not want to be involved in European Affairs