1. Civil War Plans and Early Battles Chapter 11 Section 1

2. Objectives
Contrast the resources and strategies of the North and South.
Describe the outcomes and effects of the early battles of the Civil War. 2

3. Northern Advantages
Population 22 Million, South 3.5 Million whites, 5.5 million slaves
85% of the nation’s industry. NY alone out-produced the entire south
Southern slave system slowed industrial development

4. The north had 20,000 miles of railroad track while the south had 9,000
The north had the U.S. Navy, while the south had no Navy to start the war.

5. Southern Advantages They only had to play defense
They had excellent military leadership

6. Southern Plan for Victory
Capture Washington, D.C.
Strike through the Shenandoah Valley
Gain European support

7. Anaconda Plan Union plan for victory:
1: Capture Richmond, the Confederate capital.
2: Gain control of the Mississippi River
3: Institute a naval blockade of the south.

8. Lincoln’s War Strategy
was initially to preserve the Union
was aimed at keeping the four border states in the Union, even though they allowed slavery. He thought this was crucial to winning the war

9. The border states did not join the Confederacy
The border states did not join the Confederacy. They stayed in the Union. 9

10. The East—Manassas and later Richmond, Virginia
Early battles of the Civil War occurred in three areas of the North American continent.
The East—Manassas and later Richmond, Virginia
The Mississippi Valley—western Kentucky, Tennessee, and then Shiloh and the port of New Orleans
The Southwest—New Mexico 10

11. First Battle of Bull Run
Lincoln ordered his troops to march on the Confederate capital of Richmond
They were met by Confederate troops at Manassas Junction about 30 miles from D.C.

12. The Confederates held the high ground and won
Bull Run convinced people the war was not going to be a quick and easy affair
Both sides began to train and prepare more seriously

13. The Battle of Shiloh
General Grant defeated the Confederates at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson, giving the North control over Tennessee and Kentucky

14. Grant was marching towards Mississippi when he met up with Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard

15. Grant was surprised by the attack and his troops were forced back
The Union were able to regroup the next day and their counterattack was able to defeat the southerners

16. New Orleans
Union control of the Mississippi River depended on taking New Orleans
Admiral David Farragut attacked and took the city
The loss of its largest and most profitable city was a blow to southern morale