1. The War Between the States
WORLD HISTORY READERS
Level 2-②
The War Between the States

2. A deadly war between the states
When did the war between the states start?
The war started in 1861 in America when the states in the South broke away from the North.
The states in the South had slaves brought from Africa.
Slaves were owned, bought, and sold like property. They were not paid for their work.
As a result of the war, many people died, but 4 million of slaves got freedom.

3. How many states fought on each side of the Civil War?
The war was between the 20 states in the North and the 11 states in the South.
How many states fought on each side of the Civil War?
Three states in the middle did not want to be in the war.
At that time, the United States had 34 states.

4. How many soldiers died in the war?
A long war
How many soldiers died in the war?
About 625,000 soldiers died. They died in battles, and they also died of disease. Actually, for every soldier killed in battle, two died of disease.
How long did the war last?
The war went on for four years.

5. The First Battle of Bull Run
What was the First Battle of Bull Run?
It was the first major battle of the war. It took place in Virginia. The South won this battle.
How did the South win the battle?
The North was winning in the beginning, but after more Southern soldiers arrived by train, the South started attacking and won the battle.

6. Why was the Mississippi River important in this war?
The Mississippi River went through many of the Southern states. It was used to send soldiers and food up and down the river quickly.
The North wanted to control the river because they could cut the South in two by controlling the river.
Southern soldiers on one side of the river would not be able to help Southern soldiers on the other side of the river.
Slowly, the North took control. Army and navy soldiers worked together during battles.

7. What were two important victories for the North in the war?
Important Battles
What were two important victories for the North in the war?
The Battle of Vicksburg and the Battle of Gettysburg
Vicksburg was an important river fortress for the South.
General Grant put his soldiers around the city and waited. After 46 days, the soldiers in the city did not have any food, so they let Grant come into the city.
How did the North finally win at Vicksburg?

8. How did the Civil War end?
The War Ends
In the end, the North had many more soldiers than the South. The North was too strong, so the South stopped the war.
How did the Civil War end?
How did the reason for the war change?
The war was always about keeping the North and South together, but as the war went on, it also became about freedom-freedom for slaves.
What did President Lincoln do?
He made laws so that by the end of the war slavery was illegal, and there were no more slaves.

9. What did slaves do during the war?
Wanting to be Free
What did slaves do during the war?
During the war, slaves would run to the Northern soldiers and ask for protection and freedom.
Could black people fight in the war?
Yes, in 1862, President Lincoln let black people become soldiers for the North.
Black people fought to make their friends and families free. No slave wanted to be a slave.

10. Vocabulary Abraham Lincoln n. attack n.
the 16th president of the United States ( )
attack n.
to make a sudden, violent attempt to hurt or damage

11. Vocabulary freedom n. fortress n.
the right to live without being controlled by anyone else
fortress n.
a large, strong building or group of buildings that can be defended from attack

12. Vocabulary illegal adj. Mississippi River n.
not allowed; against the law
Mississippi River n.
a river that goes north to south across the United States

13. Vocabulary navy n. state n. an army that is trained to fight at sea
a part of a country