1. Lab 1 Geoscience and Petroleum Engineering
Stratigraphy Lab
Lab 1
Geoscience and Petroleum Engineering

2. Welcome! Welcome to Lab #1!
Labs are a common setting in science based college courses
Goals of any Lab:
Find a new way to learn
Give hands on, explainable way to show something

3. Sedimentary Rocks
Existing rocks erode into small pieces, which build up over time
As layers settle and are buried, pressure builds up and creates new rock
Bottle of Sand and gravel Example
Almost always appear in layers

4. Here is layering of rocks

5. Two Laws
Thinking of how they are formed, there are two laws about sedimentary rock deposition
Law of Original Horizontality
All sedimentary rocks begin horizontal and flat
Law of Superposition
Rocks are deposited on top of pre-existing rocks, so at the time of deposition the younger rock is on top

6. Driving Forces The Earth’s crust is made up of tectonic plates
These collisions apply great pressure to the plates
Can change the plate itself in a few ways
This is why we rarely see flat horizontal rocks

7. Folding Folding happens when big forces push on both sides
Rock must be strong enough to support bending
More brittle rock will fault
Can create either Anticlines or Synclines
Anticlines face down, while synclines face up
Tip: Think that Synclines make a good sink

8. Here is an anticline

9. Faulting
Faulting occurs when the rocks “break” and fracture, then slide along one another
Depending on how this occurs there are three types of faults

10. Begin your lab!
Good luck! And if there are any questions don’t hesitate to ask
Remember the two laws, how sedimentary rocks are formed, and the different types of faults
On the bonus, try to think what had to have happened first