1. Connecting Desktops and Laptops to Networks10
Connecting Desktops and Laptops to Networks

2. Essay in Scientific American, November 22, 2010
Several principles are key to assuring that the Web becomes ever more valuable. The primary design principle underlying the Web’s usefulness and growth is universality. When you make a link, you can link to anything. That means people must be able to put anything on the Web, no matter what computer they have, software they use or human language they speak and regardless of whether they have a wired or wireless Internet connection.
Tim Berners-Lee
Essay in Scientific American, November 22, 2010

3. Learning Outcomes Configure a client for a TCP/IP network.
Connect to the Internet.
Work with basic Internet clients.
Configure File and Printer clients.
Troubleshoot common network client problems.

4. Configuring a Network Connection
LO 10.1

5. Introduction Protocol Set of rules formalized in a standard
Protocols define software used to communicate over networks
Software must work together
Software bundled together in a protocol stack
TCP/IP is the most important protocol stack

6. Understanding the TCP/IP Protocol Suite
Suite of many protocols that work together
Protocol suite of the Internet and private networks
Two core protocols:
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Internet Protocol (IP)

7. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Manages the accurate delivery of messages
Verifies and resends pieces that fail to reach the destination
TCP has several sub-protocols

8. Internet Protocol (IP)
Delivers packets to destination host based on IP address
Allows for routing
IP has several subprotocols
Two versions
IPv4 – the standard since 1983
IPv6 – greatly improved standard gradually adopted by the Internet

9. Internet Protocol (IP)
Why IPv6 is better than IPv4
It has many more addresses
It works better with mobile devices using Mobile IP
It automatically assigns addresses to devices in a very reliable way
It manages addresses better
It has subprotocols that support better security

10. Internet Protocol (IP)
IP Addressing Fundamentals
An IP address is assigned to a network adapter
A modem (cable, DSL, or analog) has an address
Each network adapter in a computer must have an address
An IP address with a subnet mask applied identifies host and network
Routing protocols determine how to send packets to destinations
Globally unique IP address for each device on the Internet

11. Viewing the Internet Protocol Settings in Windows
The Windows 7 Local Area Connection Properties dialog box

12. Internet Protocol (IP)
IPv4 Addresses
In use for three decades
32-bit addressing (232)
4.3 billion possible IP addresses
Allocation methods reduced the usable addresses
Four parts in dotted-decimal format [ ]
Each part is within 0 to 255
Last IPv4 block assigned on February 1, 2011

13. IP Settings in Windows 7

14. IP Settings in OS X

15. IP Settings in the Ubuntu Linux Unity GUI

16. Internet Protocol (IP)
IPv6 Addresses
Internet transitioning to Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)
New addressing scheme with many more addresses
Manufacturers and standards organizations preparing
128-bit addressing (2128)
Eight groups of hexadecimal numbers separated by colons

17. IPv6
Due to lack of space, the figure in the book shows the binary representation breaking in the middle. This slide shows it as it appears in the book and without the break.

18. Internet Protocol (IP)
Which addresses can you use?
Public Addresses
Assigned to hosts on the Internet
Must be unique on the entire Internet
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
Private Addresses

19. Private IP Addresses

20. Internet Protocol (IP)
How does a NIC get an address?
Static Address Assignment
Automatic Address Assignment
Automatic IP Addressing (Using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Automatic Private IP Address Assignment (APIPA)

21. Internet Protocol (IP)
IP Configuration Settings
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
DNS Server

22. The Internet Protocol Version 4 Properties

23. Subnet Mask
A subnet mask identifies the net ID and host ID portions of an IP address
This image is a corrected version of Figure 10-7.

24. The Network and Sharing Center

25. Network Connections

26. Local Area Connection Status

27. Local Area Connection Properties

28. The ipconfig /all command in the Windows Command Prompt

29. The ifconfig –a command in the OS X Terminal

30. The ifconfig –a command in Ubuntu Linux

31. Connecting to the Internet
LO 10.2

32. A Connection to the Internet
Wide Area network (WAN)
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Computer-to-Internet versus LAN-to-Internet

33. Connecting to the Internet
Connecting from a computer or though a LAN

34. Wired Connectivity Technologies
Dial-up Connections Using Analog Modems
Use traditional phone system
Inexpensive WAN option
56Kbps
Need ISP service
Cannot use voice and data on same line

35. Wired Connectivity Technologies
High-Speed Wired Access
Integrated services digital network (ISDN)
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
Cable

36. Wireless Connectivity Technologies
Wireless WAN (WWAN) Connections
Digital wireless network that covers a large geographical area
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
Uses radio signals over cellular sites and satellites

37. Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN)
A WWAN includes devices that retransmit the wireless signal

38. Satellite Communications
Accessing the Internet using a satellite WWAN connection

39. Wireless Connectivity Technologies
Wireless LAN (WLAN) Connections
Local area network using a Wi-Fi standard
IEEE a, b, g, n, and ac
Maximum distance a few hundred feet
Does not connect directly to an ISP
For Internet access connect to a router that also has a WAN connection
Device is usually a combined wireless access point (WAP) and Internet router
Newer standards faster and more secure
Latest standard ac

40. Using a Virtual Private Network (VPN)
Simulated private network running inside a “tunnel” over a WAN
Connect a computer or mobile device to a remote access VPN
Connect two sites for a site-to-site VPN
Encapsulate each data packet at the sending end
Remove data from encapsulation at the receiving end
Secure by encrypting the data before encapsulating
Secure by requiring authentication at both ends of the tunnel

41. Using a Virtual Private Network (VPN)
A remote access VPN

42. Using Internet Clients
LO 10.3

43. Web Browsers HTTP client software for browsing Web servers
Translates code on Web servers to display pages on local computer
Versions for OS X, Windows, and Linux (as well as for mobile OSs)
Free
Google Chrome
Mozilla Firefox
Microsoft Internet Explorer
Apple Safari

44. Common Browser Features
Add-ons
Autofill
Automatic updates
Bookmarks
Integrated search engine
Password manager
RSS feeds
Save tabs
Search within page
Synchronization
Tabbed browsing
Zoom

45. Google Chrome
Clean look Tabs No menu bar Chrome button on right Online Help

46. Mozilla Firefox
Clean look Tabs Hide or display menu bar Online Help

47. Mozilla Firefox
View menu
Tools menu

48. Microsoft Internet Explorer
Tools button opens menu
Clean look Tabs Hide or display menu bar Many options on Tools menu Online Help

49. Other Browsers
Opera (
Safari (

50. Security and Web Browsers
Cookies
Browsing History
Private Browsing
Passwords
Pop-Ups

51. Security and Web Browsers
The Chrome Content Settings page includes settings for Cookies

52. Security and Web Browsers
The Firefox Privacy page with settings for Cookies

53. Security and Web Browsers
The Internet Explorer Privacy page with settings for Cookies, Pop-up Blocker, location, and InPrivate Browsing

54. Security and Web Browsers
The Chrome History page

55. Security and Web Browsers
The Internet Explorer History page in the Website Data Settings dialog box

56. Security and Web Browsers
Chrome incognito
Firefox Private Browsing
Internet Explorer InPrivate Browsing

57. Security and Web Browsers
The Search results after searching on password in Chrome settings

58. Security and Web Browsers
The Firefox Change Master Password dialog box

59. Security and Web Browsers
The AutoComplete Settings for Internet Explorer

60. Email Clients Types of Email Clients Outlook Windows Live Mail POP
IMAP
Web Mail
Outlook
Windows Live Mail

61. Email Clients Configuring and Using an Email Client
Type of mail server
Account name and password
DNS name of incoming mail server
DNS name of outgoing mail server

62. Clients
Configure an client

63. Clients
Using an client

64. FTP Clients File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Transfer files between client and server computers
Anonymous FTP allows anonymous connection
FTP site with security requires account login

65. FTP Clients Configuring an FTP Client Host name of FTP server
User ID and Password
Passive mode connection
Secure SSL connection

66. FTP Clients
FireFTP client – an add-on to Firefox

67. Sharing Files and Printers
LO 10.4

68. The Server Side of File and Printer Sharing
File and printer server runs sharing service
A share is a shared folder or printer
Share is a separate entity form a disk folder
Share is a separate entity from a physical printer
Installed and enabled by default in Windows

69. The Server Side of File and Printer Sharing
The Windows File and Printer Sharing service is enabled

70. The Client Side of File and Printer Sharing
File and printer client for each file-sharing service
Client for Microsoft installed and enabled by default
Can see computers with Microsoft file and printer sharing enabled
See both Windows servers and desktop computers
Connecting to shares depends on permissions

71. The Client Side of File and Printer Sharing
A Windows File and Printer Sharing client detects four servers

72. Sharing Files and Printers in Windows 7 and Windows 8 with HomeGroups
Create HomeGroups
Windows 8, Windows 8 Pro, and Windows RT
Windows 7 Home Premium, Professional, Ultimate, and Enterprise
Clients to HomeGroups
Windows 7 all editions

73. Sharing Files and Printers in Windows 7 and Windows 8 with HomeGroups
Requirements and Restrictions
Only Windows 7 and Windows 8 can participate in HomeGroups
A member of a Windows Active Directory Domain cannot create a HomeGroup
A member of a Windows Active Directory Domain can join a HomeGroup
Windows 7 computer must connect to a Home network
Windows 8 computer must connect to a Private network
IPv6 must be enabled and all firewalls must support IPv6
File and Printer sharing must be turned on for each computer participating
User at each computer determines what libraries and printers are shared

74. Sharing Files and Printers in Windows 7 and Windows 8 with HomeGroups
This Windows 7 computer is connected to a Home network

75. Creating a HomeGroup in Windows 7
Click Create a HomeGroup

76. Creating a HomeGroup in Windows 7
Select what you want to share

77. Creating a HomeGroup in Windows 7
Use this password at other Windows 7 or Windows 8 computers to join them to this HomeGroup

78. Sharing the Public Folder in Windows 7
Public folder is under Users and contains Public folders for each Library

79. Sharing the Public Folder in Windows 7
Copy data into Public folders in Libraries

80. Troubleshooting Common Network Client Problems
LO 10.5

81. Built-In Network Diagnostics
Windows 7 Network Diagnostics tool
Similar tool in Windows 8

82. Built-In Network Diagnostics
OS X Network Utility with tabs for several tools

83. Testing IP Configurations and Connectivity
Verifying IP Configuration with ipconfig
Troubleshooting Connection Errors with the ping Command

84. Two networks connected by a router

85. Testing an IP Configuration
Ipconfig /all Local IP address

86. Testing an IP Configuration
Ping your computer
Then ping a nearby computer (not shown)

87. Testing an IP Configuration
Ping the Gateway

88. Troubleshooting Connection Problems with Tracert
Look for the router with the greatest delay

89. Troubleshooting DNS Errors Using Ping
Ping domain name to see IP address

90. Troubleshooting DNS Errors Using Netstat
The netstat command displays the information about current connections to the local computer

91. Using Nslookup to Troubleshoot DNS
The nslookup command reveals a DNS problem