1. Geologic Resources Class 1 of 1
Chapter 5
Geologic Resources
Class 1 of 1

2. Science Quote
"The only true wisdom consists in knowing that you know nothing” – Socrates
Fabiola Meza

3. Geologic Resources Mineral Resources ( Metallic and Non Metallic)
Energy Resources
(Coal, Oil, Gas, Uranium)

4. 5.1 Mineral Resources

5. Question Of the Day Is Drinking water a geologic resource ?
Project worth 3 Questions of the Day due next Monday ( we are going to save water)
How ? We are going to add a Litter or 2 litters to at least one (toilet) in your House.
Convert-Any-Toilet-to-a-Low-Flush-Toilet
For credit take a picture with you in it !
Take a picture of it and bring it Next Monday

6. 5.2 Ore and Ore Deposits Magmatic processes Hydrothermal Processes
Manganese Nodules
Sedimentary Processes
Weathering Processes

7. Magmatic processes South Africa Bushveld Intrusion
Pluton is 375 km by 300 km
7 Km Thick
20 Billion tons Chromium
10 Billions grams of platinum
Another Example :
largest Nickel deposit in the World
Canada “Mafic Pluton “ Sudbury, Ontario

8. Hydrothermal Processes

9. Manganese Nodules
Sedimentary Process

10. 5.3 Mineral Reserves The amount of ore in the ground
Global or National Scale
Example
In 1966 global Iron reserves 5 Billion tons
Consumption 280 million tons per Year
 18 Years we should run of Iron by 1984

11. Geopolitics of Metal Resources
Minerals resources are unevenly distributed and no single nation is self sufficient in all minerals.
Zambia and Democratic republic of Congo half of Worlds cobalt
Al  U.S consumes 30 % of the world (Australia and Guinea)
United States, Russia, South Africa, Canada, Australia
Japan

12. 5.4 Mines and Mining Underground Mine vs. Surface mine
U.S. Surface mining control and Reclamation Act requires mining companies restore mined land so it can be used for the same purposes
Mining metal ores or coal, also creates huge pile of waste rock, the piles are not treated properly, rain erode the loose rock and leaches toxic elements such Arsenic, sulfur, heavy metals,

13. 5.8 Energy resources (Coal, Petroleum and Natural Gas)
Fossil fuels Why ? They formed from the remains of plants, and animals
Fossils fuel are Nonrenewable and unrecyclable
Coal
Large quantities of coal formed worldwide during Carboniferous period

14. COAL

15. Petroleum First commercial oil well in the U.S 1859
Crude oil is pump from the ground is a gooey viscous, dark liquid made of thousands chemical compounds. It is refine to produce: propane, gasoline, heating oil and other fuels, it is also used to manufacture plastics, nylon.

16. Formation of Petroleum
Oil Temperature of 80°C to 100°C
Gas above 100°C to
140 °C

17. Oil traps

18. PETROLEUM EXTRACTION, TRANSPORT AND REFINING

19. 5.6 Tar Sands, Oil Shale Tar sands  Oil like substance “ Bitumen”
Oil Shale  “Kerogen”

20. 5.7 Energy Resources: Renewable Energy
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Geothermal Energy
Hydroelectric Energy
Biomass Energy
Limitations

21. 5.8 Nuclear Fuels and Reactors

22. 5.9 Conservation as an Alternative Energy Resource
Buildings (39%) (Residential and commercial)
22% of the Electricity in US is for lighting
Fluorescent bulb ¼ the energy of incandescent
Industry (33%)
Transportation (28%)

23. Pareto Chart

25. 5.10 Energy for the 21Centrury

26. 5.10 Energy for the 21Centrury