1. Recap Lecture 1 Lecture 2 Volume/Mass balance (by GSL example)
Units (interpretable, intuitive)
Lecture 2
Hydrologic Cycle and Hydrologic budgets
Watershed
Climate change

2. Highlights from Information Sheets
Never heard of
Know of but not used
Used a little
Comfortable using
Expert
Excel
 5%
 90%
MATLAB
 40%
 60% R
 95%
ArcGIS
 85%
 10%
HEC-HMS
HEC-RAS
Canvas
 75%
 25%
Other (you may think relevant) 
Smath, Epanet, Fortran, C++ were some mentioned

3. What do you hope to learn?
Hydrology and solving hydrologic problems
More about water and how it reacts and travels in and on the earth
Practical knowledge to take into career
Snow, Rain, Flooding
Groundwater flow
About the wonderful world of hydrology
The reason I need to take it (Structures)
Why water flows downhill (gravity)
Don’t know what hydrology is supposed to cover
Air speed velocity of a raindrop
Learn to solve the energy crisis

4. Worries Workload, homework, heard difficult, grade
Having to memorize loads of equations
Heard it is confusing
So far no worries
Failing
I don’t have a lot of time. I would like to get an A
That I will need extensive programming to succeed
I am terrified. Have not heard good things

5. Hydrologic Data and Hydrologic Budget
USGS

6. Streamstats

7. Blacksmith Fork

8. Blacksmith Fork What is the area covered by forest in square miles
A , B , C ,
D. More than 110, E. None of the above

9. Blacksmith Fork What is the per unit area flow in inches
A. 0-3, B 3-5, C 5-7, D 7-9, E > 9

10. Blacksmith Fork What is the runoff ratio
A , B , C , D E

11. Blacksmith Fork What happens to the rest of the water (majority)
Evapotranspiration
Infiltration
Irrigation
Groundwater
Drinking by animals and people

12. Done Already
Confident
Could read text and figure out
Unsure – need help
Clueless how to start

13. Done Already
Confident
Could read text and figure out
Unsure – need help
Clueless how to start

14. Could read text and figure out Unsure – need help
Use the USGS NWIS website For the gage you choose give the following
Use computer screen captures to give a map showing the location of the gage you selected
A hydrograph plot of streamflow at this stream gage (computer screen capture from website)
Watershed area,
Mean annual discharge,
Months with highest and lowest mean of monthly discharges
The maximum discharge on record and the date that this occurred
The ratio of highest mean monthly discharge to lowest mean monthly discharge. Comment on the seasonal cycle of discharge at this gage.
Compute the mean annual runoff expressed as a depth (yearly discharge volume/area).
Done Already
Confident
Could read text and figure out
Unsure – need help
Clueless how to start

15. Done Already
Confident
Could read text and figure out
Unsure – need help
Clueless how to start

16. Done Already
Confident
Could read text and figure out
Unsure – need help
Clueless how to start

17. Done Already
Confident
Could read text and figure out
Unsure – need help
Clueless how to start

18. Groundwater Learning objectives
Be able to quantify the properties of water held in and flowing through the subsurface (soil and rock). The properties of interest include
porosity,
moisture content,
pressure,
suction,
hydraulic conductivity
Mays Chapter 2

19. Schematic cross section illustrating unconfined and confined aquifers
From Mays, 2011, Ground and Surface Water Hydrology

20. Figure 21. Cross section through an unsaturated porous medium (from Chow et al. 1988)

21. Example An undisturbed sample of a medium sand weighs g. The core is 6 cm in dia and cm high. After oven drying the core weighs g. Determine the bulk density, void ratio, water content and saturation percentage of the soil.

22. Well graded silt, sand, gravel mixture
Uniformly graded sand
Illustrative grain-size distribution curves. The boundaries between size classes designated as clay, silt, sand and gravel are shown as vertical lines.

23. Soil Texture Triangle
From Mays, 2011, Ground and Surface Water Hydrology

24. Macroscopic and microscopic concepts of a porous medium
Macroscopic and microscopic concepts of a porous medium. (from Freeze and Cherry, 1979)