1. INSTRUCTOR © 2017, John R. Fanchi
All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of the author.
© 2004 John R. Fanchi All rights reserved. Do not copy or distribute.

2. To the Instructor
The set of files here are designed to help you prepare lectures for your own course using the text Introduction to Petroleum Engineering, J.R. Fanchi and R.L. Christiansen (Wiley, 2017)
File format is kept simple so that you can customize the files with relative ease using your own style. You will need to supplement the files to complete the presentation topics.

3. Surface Treatment and Storage
© 2017, John R. Fanchi
All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of the author.
© 2004 John R. Fanchi All rights reserved. Do not copy or distribute.

4. Outline Wellhead Production Equipment Pipelines Gas and Gas Condensate
Vertical Well Patterns
Homework: IPE Ch. 11

5. WELLHEAD

6. Christmas Tree and Wellhead
Pressure Gauge
Wing Valve
Swab Valve
Wing
Master Valve
Flowline
Tubing Head
Wellhead
Casing Head

7. PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT

8. Production Equipment Separation Separator Water
Gas, oil and water separate (gas above oil above water)
Separator
Allows oil, gas and water to separate naturally
Water
BS&W (Basic Sediment and Water)
Emulsion (figure below)

9. Fluid Segregation Gas off top Gas Oil from middle Oil Water off bottom
Three Phases
(Gas, oil and water)

10. http://kwintl.com/separators.html accessed 10-2-10
Two-Phase Vertical Separator
Three-Phase Vertical Separator
Vertical Separators
Two Phases
(Gas and liquid)
Three Phases
(Gas, oil and water)
accessed

11. http://kwintl.com/separators.html accessed 10-2-10
Three-Phase Vertical Separator
Three-Phase Vertical Separator
Two-Phase Vertical Separator
Horizontal Separator
Three Phases
(Gas, oil and water)
accessed

12. Schematic of a gas-liquid separator
Primary stage: inlet diverter (e.g. screen) changes momentum of inlet fluid
Secondary stage: Liquid and gas separate by gravity
Tertiary stage: mist eliminator allows small droplets to coalesce to larger drops
Source: JPT (Dec 2014), pg. 107; SPE
© 2004 John R. Fanchi All rights reserved. Do not copy or distribute.

13. Oilfield Production Equipment

14. Oilfield Production Equipment
Storage Tanks
Separator
Pump

15. Swabbing Swabbing Reduce pressure in wellbore
Remove water or drilling mud from well (unload well) so oil and gas can flow
Reduce pressure in wellbore
Pipe, wireline tools or seals move up the wellbore.
Reducing pressure can stimulate well

16. PIPELINES

17. Right of Way
Barnett Shale
DFW area

18. Laying Pipeline
Barnett Shale
DFW area

19. Average Velocity
Average velocity Vavg = average speed through a cross-section
Vavg determined from conservation of mass
For fully developed laminar pipe flow, 𝑽 𝒂𝒗𝒈 = 𝟏 𝟐 𝑽 𝒎𝒂𝒙 where Vmax is maximum velocity

20. Pipe Flow: 4 Flow Regimes in Vertical Flow
Bubble
Flow
Slug
Churn
Annular

21. Pipe Flow: 7 Flow Regimes in Horizontal Flow
Segregated
Stratified
Wavy
Annular
Intermittent
Dispersed
Slug
Plug
Bubble
Mist

22. Flow Pattern Map for Horizontal Flow
Superficial
Liquid
Velocity
Gas
Stratified
Smooth
Wavy
Annular
Mist
Intermittent
Dispersed Bubble
Slug Flow
Elongated Bubble
Superficial Velocity: velocity that would exist if another phase was not present

23. Pressure Gradient Equation
Flow in Pipe
Pressure Gradient Equation L  A V
Potential Energy
𝒅𝑷 𝒅𝑳 𝑷𝑬 =𝝆𝒈 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽
Kinetic Energy
𝒅𝑷 𝒅𝑳 𝑲𝑬 =𝝆𝑽 𝒅𝑽 𝒅𝑳
Friction
𝒅𝑷 𝒅𝑳 𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄 =𝒇 𝝆 𝑽 𝟐 𝟐𝑫
Inclined, circular pipe
Fluid density ρ
Fluid velocity V
Inner diameter D
Friction factor f

24. GAS AND GAS CONDENSATE

25. Compressors to match pipeline pressure
Gas Well
Compression
Boost low pressure to high pressure
Expensive to install & operate
Increase well life & reserves
Individual well or entire field
Compressors to match pipeline pressure

26. VERTICAL WELL PATTERNS
© 2004 John R. Fanchi All rights reserved. Do not copy or distribute.

27. Line Drive Pattern
Injector

28. Five Spot Pattern
Producer
Injector

29. Peripheral Waterflood Pattern
Producer
Injector

30. QUESTIONS?

31. SUPPLEMENT