1. Fluid Power Systems And Fundamentals
Unit I
Fluid Power Systems And Fundamentals

2. FLUID POWER
Liquid Rate of doing work
Gas

3. Principle Introduction
Fluid power is energy transmitted and controlled by means of a pressurized fluid, either liquid or gas.
Fluid  power  -  Generation,  control,  and  application of  smooth,  effective  power  of  pumped  or compressed fluids.
This force and motion may be in the form of pushing, pulling, rotating, regulating, or driving.  
Fluid power includes hydraulics, which involves liquids, and pneumatics, which involves gases.  

4. FLUID POWER
Fluid power is helping people to perform jobs more quickly, efficiently, accurately and powerfully than ever before.

5. IMAGINE
Can you imagine if we didn't have fluid power and someone had to move a bunch of dirt without bulldozers that use hydraulics?
How did people stop their vehicles before we had hydraulic braking systems?

7. DEFINITION
FLUID POWER is the technology that deals with the generation , control , and transmission of power using pressurized fluids.

8. Main objective
This force and motion may be in the form of pushing, pulling, rotating, regulating or driving.
If the compressed fluid is a gas, it is called pneumatics, while if the compressed fluid is a liquid, it is called hydraulics.

9. As a engineers Do you know the meaning of hydraulics?
Guess…………

10. The word hydraulics is a derivative of the Greek words
hydro (meaning water) and
aulis (meaning tube or pipe).

11. Basic components of fluid power system
1. Reservoir/receiver (Fluid storage); 2.Pump/compressor (Converts mechanical power to fluid power); 3.valve (Controls direction and amount of flow); and 4.Actuators (Converts fluid power to mechanical power, that is, cylinder and pistons).

13. ADVANTAGES
Multiplication and variation of force: Linear or rotary force can be multiplied from a fraction of an ounce to several hundred tons of output.
Easy, accurate control: You can start, stop, accelerate, decelerate, reverse or position large forces with great accuracy. Analog (infinitely variable) and digital (on/off) control are possible. Instantly reversible motion, within less than half a revolution, can be achieved.
Multi-function control: A single hydraulic pump or air compressor can provide power and control for numerous machines or machine functions when combined with fluid power manifolds and valves.
High horsepower / low weight ratio: Pneumatic components are compact and lightweight. You can hold a 5 horsepower hydraulic motor in the palm of your hand.
Low speed torque: Unlike electric motors, air or hydraulic motors can produce large amounts of torque (twisting force) while operating at low speeds. Some hydraulic and air motors can even maintain torque at zero speed without overheating.
Constant force or torque: This is a unique fluid power attribute.
Safe in hazardous environments: Fluid power can be used in mines, chemical plants, near explosives and in paint applications because it is inherently spark-free and can tolerate high temperatures.

14. Applications
Mobile Industrial Aerospace Automation Agriculture Defense Food Processing Foundry Manufacturing Robot Press tools Textiles Environmental Pollution Preventions Automobiles Aircraft Aerospace Applications All materials processing industries

15. Questions Define fluid power List the advantages of fluid power system
Compare hydraulic and pneumatic system
Classify fluid power system.
List any four application of fluid power system
Name any four draw backs of fluid power system
Define Hydraulics
Fluid power refers to oil hydraulics – Say true or False - True
Write down the main disadvantage of fluid power system – Leakage

16. Applications Advantages Fluid power Types Principle
Multiplication and variation of force
Easy, accurate control
Multi-function control
High horsepower, low weight ratio
Low speed torque
Constant force or torque
Safety in hazardous environments
Established standards and engineering
Based on Control system
Open-loop, Closed loop
Based on Type of Control
Fluid logic, Electrical Control, Electronic Control
Based on Fluid
Hydraulic, Pneumatic
Mobile, Industrial,
Aerospace. Automation
Agriculture, Defense
Food Processing, Foundry
Manufacturing, Robot,
Press tools, Textiles
Environmental pollution preventions, Automobiles
Aircraft, Aerospace applications, All materials processing industries

17. Summary
Fluid power is energy transmitted and controlled by means of a pressurized fluid, either liquid or gas.
It is classified based on Control system, type of Control and fluid used.
Pressurized fluid is used to useful work.
Power transmission by Electrical, mechanical and fluid power.

18. MCQ
1. Pascal's law states that pressure in a confined body of liquid will act_____________in all directions.  a) erratically  b) equally c) forward d) sequentially 
 2. Most of the energy not used to move the load in a hydraulic system turns into____________.
a)light  b) heat c) potential d) reserve
 3. The pressure of the fluid at rest increases on ________ the depth.
a) Increasing b) Decreasing c) Either increase or decrease d) Neither increase nor decrease.
 4. When do you prefer the pneumatic system rather than hydraulic system?
a) Medium amount of pressure requires speed, fairly accurate feed.
b) Large amount of pressure requires speed, fairly accurate feed.
c) Large amount of pressure requires less speed, fairly accurate feed
d) Medium amount of pressure requires speed, accurate feed
5. Hydraulic system is always a ______________.
a) closed loop system b) open loop system c) open or closed loop system.