1. DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY
BONES & JOINTS OF
LOWER LIMB

2. BONES OF LOWER LIMB

3. DIRECTION
1. Epitopes
2. Three dimensional
spaces

4. OS INNOMINATUM

5. OS INNOMINATUM
1800
900

6. OS INNOMINATUM (R)

7. OS INNOMINATUM (R)

8. OS INNOMINATUM

9. OS INNOMINATUM

10. INGUINAL CANAL

11. FEMALE ORGAN

12. FRACTURE OF PELVIC

13. FRACTURE OF PELVIC

14. THE FEMUR (R)
1800
900
1300

15. THE FEMUR (R)
PRESSURE PLANES
TENSION PLANES

16. Trendelenberg Sign
Trendelenberg Test This special test is useful to evaluate for hip weakness.
The patient is standing, the examiner requests that the patient stand on one leg.
The examiner observes the pelvis. Normally, the pelvis stays level, or rises slightly on the unsupported side. Any drop of the pelvis on the unsupported side indicates a positive test.
NOTE: A positive test indicates abductor weakness, most commonly due to contusion of the abductor muscles or a stress fracture of the femoral neck. A positive test may also indicate inadequate neural control, pain inhibition, or mechanical factors.

17. FRACTURE OF FEMUR

18. THE NECK OF THE FEMUR

19. FRACTURE OF FEMUR

20. FRACTURE OF FEMUR

21. FRACTURE OF FEMUR

22. THE PATELLA (R)

23. FRACTURE OF PATELLA

24. THE TIBIA (R)
1800
900

25. FRACTURE OF TIBIA

26. FRACTURE OF TIBIA

27. FRACTURE OF TIBIA

28. THE FIBULA ANTERO-EXTENAL BORDER ANTERO-INTERNAL BORDER
POSTERO-INTERNAL BORDER
POSTERO-EXTENAL BORDER

29. THE FIBULA (R) 900 900 ANTERO-EXTENAL BORDER ANTERO-INTERNAL BORDER
POSTERO-INTERNAL BORDER
POSTERO-EXTENAL BORDER

30. THE FOOT (R)

31. THE TALUS

32. FRACTURE OF TALUS

33. THE CALCANEUM

34. THE FOOT (R)

35. THE FOOT (R)

36. HIP JOINT (1)

37. HIP JOINT (2)

38. HIP JOINT (3)

39. HIP JOINT (4)

40. HIP JOINT (5)

41. DISLOCATION OF HIP JOINT (6)

42. KNEE JOINT (1)

43. KNEE JOINT (2)

44. KNEE JOINT (3)

45. KNEE JOINT (4)

46. KNEE JOINT (5)

47. KNEE JOINT (6)

48. KNEE JOINT (7)

49. REFERENCES 1. TEXTBOOKS 2. WEBSITES
1. Williams PL, Warwick R et al. Gray’s Anatomy, 37th ed. NewYork : Churchill Livingstone, 1989,
pp ,
2. Pick TP & Howden R. Gray’s Anatomy, The Classic Collector’s ed. NewYork : Gramercy, 1977.
3. Netter Frank H. Atlas of Clinical Anatomy on CD-ROM, ver 2.0. Novartis : DxR Development Group,
Inc, 1998
4. Sinelnikhov. Human Anatomy, vol 1, 3rd ed. Moscow, 1963.
5. Stoller Davis W. MRI, Arthroscopy & Surgical anatomy of the Joint CD-ROM. California : Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins, 1998.
6. Sabiston. Textbook of Surgery, 15th ed. Philadelphia : W.B. Saunder Company, 1997.
7. Oxford Textbook of Surgery on CD-ROM, ver 1.0. Oxford University Press, 1995.
2. WEBSITES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
7. Anatomy of the Human Body Henry Gray

50. REFERENCES
2. WEBSITES
8. Atlas of Human Anatomy / Clinical Imaging Diagnosis
9. Human Anatomy Radiologic Anatomy Images
10. Structure of the human body
11. Human Anatomy
12. Visible Human cross sections
13. The virtual Body
14. The Human Anatomy and Physiology Case Study Project
15. Digital Anatomist Project
16. EnchantedLearning.com Human Anatomy
17. Human Anatomy (including course syllabus for reference)

51. THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR
YOUR ATTENTIONS !!!