1. Physical Science Chapter 6.2
The Atom
Physical Science
Chapter 6.2

2. A word about the electromagnetic spectrum
Almost all light comes from atoms
Different atoms give off different colors of light
Each atom has its own spectrum and you can identify it by the spectral lines
Tool for this is a spectroscope
Color of light tells us something about the energy in the atom

3. A word about the electromagnetic spectrum
Almost all light comes from atoms
Different atoms give off different colors of light
Each atom has its own spectrum and you can identify it by the spectral lines
Tool for this is a spectroscope
Color of light tells us something about the energy in the atom

4. A word about the electromagnetic spectrum
Almost all light comes from atoms
Different atoms give off different colors of light
Each atom has its own spectrum and you can identify it by the spectral lines
Tool for this is a spectroscope
Color of light tells us something about the energy in the atom

5. Bohr model of an atom
Bohr, electrons must be in specific energy levels no half steps
Atoms going from high energy levels to low energy levels release energy
Atoms going from low energy levels to high energy levels absorb energy.

6. Bohr model of an atom
Bohr, electrons must be in specific energy levels no half steps
Atoms going from high energy levels to low energy levels release energy
Atoms going from low energy levels to high energy levels absorb energy.

7. Energy levels
Level 1 can have 2 electrons an s-orbital or subshell (in my pocket)
Level 2 can have 8 electrons, an s-orbital and a p-orbital
Level 3 can have 18 electrons, and s-orbital, p-orbital, and d- orbital, but it starts filling level 4 when it has 8
Level 4 can have 32 electrons, s-orbital, p-orbital, d-orital, and f-orbital, but it starts filling level 5 when it has 8 etc…

8. Energy levels
Level 1 can have 2 electrons an s- orbital or subshell
Level 2 can have 8 electrons, an s-orbital and a p-orbital (in my pocket, then in my backpack)
Level 3 can have 18 electrons, and s-orbital, p- orbital, and d-orbital, but it starts filling level 4 when it has 8 (in my pocket, in, my backpack, in my gym bag)
Level 4 can have 32 electrons, s- orbital, p-orbital, d-orital, and f- orbital, but it starts filling level 5 when it has 8 etc…

9. Energy levels
Level 1 can have 2 electrons an s- orbital or subshell
Level 2 can have 8 electrons, an s- orbital and a p-orbital (in my pocket, then in my backpack)
Level 3 can have 18 electrons, and s-orbital, p-orbital, and d-orbital, but it starts filling level 4 when it has 8 (in my pocket, in, my backpack, in my gym bag)
Level 4 can have 32 electrons, s-orbital, p-orbital, d-orital, and f-orbital, but it finishes filling level 3 when it has 2 (in my pocket, in my backpack, in my gym bag, in the car trunk)

10. Electrons and energy levels
Since Bohr -- we can’t tell where an electron is, only where it probably is
The further from the nucleus, the more energy an electron has and the less the nucleus pulls on it.
Each energy level can only have a certain number of electrons
Atoms fill in lower energy levels first
This is quantum mechanics

11. Looking at how shells are filled