1. Medieval Europe

2. Table of Contents – Week 1
74 – Warm ups week of April Notes “Medieval Europe” – Charlemagne 78- Diagram of Feudalism 79- Notes “Feudalism” 80 – Different points of view activity 81 – Notes “The Manor System – Homework “Rule of Christendom

3. The Dark Ages page 75
The Roman Empire’s powerful government provided stability for much of Europe
After its fall, Europe entered into a period known as the Dark Ages
Constant warfare
Lack of literary works and advancements
Religious struggle
Advancement of Islam

4. Geography page 75
Good climate and soil allowed for families to feed themselves
Forests provided wood for building
Mountains provided minerals like iron
Coastlines and rivers allowed access to trade and fish

5. Political and Cultural Changes page 75
Tribes created kingdoms without central governments
No written laws
People obeyed unwritten laws and traditions of kings
Many Germanic kings converted to Christianity, which would help unite the people

6. Charlemagne pages 76-77 United many Germanic kingdoms under his rule
Established new laws to keep order and appointed officials to run the far away regions of his realm
Formed schools and protected the weak from injustice
Threatened to put to death anyone who wouldn’t convert to Christianity
Put down an uprising against Pope Leo
Created a strong Christian empire

7. Page 78
Students create a diagram showing the relationships between the different social classes in feudalism

8. Feudal Society page 79
Kings could not defend their kingdoms on their own
Feudalism was developed and created a tight social pyramid
Feudalism- a political and social system in which a vassal receives protection from a lord in exchange for obedience and service
Lord- a nobleman who received land from a king in medieval feudal society
Vassal- a person, usually a lesser nobleman, who received land and protection from a feudal lord in exchange for obedience and protection
Knight- a warrior in medieval Europe
Serf- a person who lived and worked on the private land of a noble or medieval lord

9. Character Corners page 80
Students are put into character groups: lords, priests, serfs
Groups must develop two questions to ask another group.
Questions are exchanged and answered
Discuss answers

10. The Manor System page 81 Lord Priest Peasants/Serfs
Lived comfortably in manor house
Diet of meat, fish, bread, cheese, and fruit
Priest
Conducted religious services
Cared for sick and needy
Instructed the Bible
Required peasants and serfs to work the land for free
Peasants/Serfs
Paid the lord rent
30 year life span
Hard physical labor
Diet of bread, cheese, and vegetables
Time off on Sundays and religious holidays
Had to get permission to attend fairs and festivals
Serfs were tied to the land
Gave lord most of what they produced

11. Table of Contents – Week 2
84 – Warm ups week of May 1 85 – Notes “Church and Crown” 86 – King John 87 – Magna Carta – The Crusades – Supplemental Reading “Europe’s Black Death” 92 – Guild Emblem 93 – Notes “The Growth of Towns”

12. Warm Ups week of May 1 page 84
Tuesday
Examining primary sources page 617
What individual rights are protected in this article from the Magna Carta
Life, property, and fair trial

13. Church and Crown page 85
The architecture of cathedrals included stained glass windows, vaults, and gargoyles
There were no seats in cathedrals because people were expected to stand
Ordinary people experienced the teachings of the Church through frescoes, mosaics, and stained glass windows because services were in Latin and many people couldn’t understand
The threat of excommunication could make the Church more powerful than the king by creating fear of being kicked out of the church

14. King John and the Magna Carta page 86
King John was the king of England and much of present day France
Many barons, or noblemen, became upset with King John because of an increase in taxes
King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta, a document that limited his power
The Magna Carta is significant because it serves as a foundation for democracy
King Edward I, King John’s grandson, created the first truly representative parliament. Knights and members of towns served on the parliament and made laws, passed taxes, and served in judicial matters

15. King John and the Magna Carta page 87
Students find two examples of how the Magna Carta influenced our Bill of Rights
-protection against excessive punishments
-trial by jury

16. The Crusades – Story Board page 88
Alternative title of reading
Summary of reading
Illustration
Question unanswered by text

17. The Crusades page 89 The Holy Land is Jerusalem
Christian pilgrimages became dangerous because of Muslim conquest/occupation
The Crusades were a series of holy wars to reclaim the Holy Land
The Reconquista was the driving out of Muslims from the Iberian Peninsula
King Ferdinand of Spain the Inquisition to help successfully drive out the Muslims by punishing those who would not convert to Christianity
The Crusades led to the increase in trade between Europe and Asia, rise of the merchant class, and the decline of Feudalism

18. Guild Emblem – page 92
Students will design an emblem to go along with a guild of their own

19. Growth of Towns – page 93
The Bubonic Plague helped end feudalism by wiping out 1/3 of the population. Since there was a shortage of workers in the towns, employers offered good pay to attract new workers. As a result, many people left the manors for better opportunities
The growth of towns made the king more powerful by giving him a larger tax base. The more people there, the more taxes paid. He could not pay an army and depended less on feudal lords
The culture of Europe began to change at the end of the Middle Ages due to the interaction between Islam and Byzantium. People began to seek knowledge and universities began to spring up