1. U.S. History A
The War Continues
Pgs

2. The Civil War at Sea
The Union’s naval blockade disrupted the South’s trade with the rest of the world
By the summer of 1862, Union warships guarded most southern ports
To get supplies from overseas, the South depended on ships known as blockade runners

3. Blockade runners were packed full of cotton
To make the vessels harder to see, the runners often made their attempts at night without lights
Crew members were often British citizens because they were quickly released if captured

4. Monitor and Merrimack
The Confederates hoped to destroy the blockade by repairing the damaged USS Merrimack, which they had captured
They covered it with thick iron plates and renamed it the Virginia

5. The Union hurried to finish their own seagoing ironclad in New York
On March 9, 1862, the Union’s ironclad, Monitor, arrived off the Virginia coast to confront the Virginia

6. The two ships fought for hours in the world’s first battle between ironclads
Neither ship was able to seriously damage the other, but engine problems forced the Virginia to return to port
In May, the Confederates destroyed the Virginia to prevent its capture by McClellan’s invading army

7. Native Americans and the War
More than 10,000 Native Americans took part in the Civil War
Most Cherokee, Creeks, and Seminoles supported the Union
Stand Watie was promoted to general by the Confederates, the only Native American on either side to hold the rank

8. Chancellorsville
Stonewall Jackson’s troops surprised Hooker’s troops as they cooked dinner in their camps near Chancellorsville
The battle lasted for two more days when Hooker finally retreated

9. Stonewall Jackson was mistakenly shot by his own troops as he returned from scouting enemy lines on the first night of the battle
He died 8 days later
Lee always called Jackson his “strong right arm”

10. Gettysburg
Convinced that Hooker was as indecisive as McClellan, Lincoln replaced him with General George Meade
When Confederate troops went into Gettysburg to look for shoes, they ran into Union cavalry units looking for Lee’s army

11. Gettysburg lasts for three days and is the largest battle ever fought in North America
By early afternoon, about 24,000 Confederate and 19,000 Union troops were involved
Meade and Lee arrived that night
General Longstreet had become Lee’s most trusted commander after Jackson’s death

12. Confederate troops tried to take Little Round Top on Day 2 to gain control of the Union flank
The 20th Maine, led by Colonel Joshua Chamberlain, heroically held the line against repeated attacks, even after it had run out of ammunition

13. Longstreet tried to convince Lee that Union forces were too strong to attack
Lee ignored Longstreet’s warning and planned a massive charge for the 3rd and final day

14. George Pickett led the charge of 15,000 troops over one mile of open ground against the center of the Union lines
Pickett’s line was one mile wide and three rows deep
About 300 troops briefly reached Union lines
Over half of Pickett’s forces were lost
Confederates withdrew the next day

15. Vicksburg
Grant surrounded Vicksburg, Mississippi and began a siege to starve out the city’s 32,000 defenders
As time went on, defenders were forced to eat horses, mules, dogs, and rats to stay alive
On July 4th, after 48 days, Vicksburg surrendered