1. Chapter 3
Section 2

2. The United States Industrializes
________________grew after the civil war causing the ________________ to be eight times larger than before the civil war.
GNP – _________________________________________________________________________

3. The United States Industrializes, cont.
Natural Resources
______________________
Railroads helped move the resources
Petroleum turned into ___________
A Large Workforce
Population growth made __________________
Caused by _______________and immigrants
Helped increase _________________________

4. The United States Industrializes, cont.
Free Enterprise
___________________________________________
Those that start their own businesses
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Costs gov’t more to help businesses and hurts society
New Inventions
Alexander Graham Bell – _____________________
_________________– phonograph, light bulb, electric generator
Thaddeus Lowe – ice machine
Gustavus Swift – ____________________

5. The Railroads: Linking the Nation
Post Civil War- Railroads grew
Pacific Railway Act
____________________________
Provided construction of transcontinental railroad by two corporations
________________
__________________
Met at Promontory Summit, Utah

6. The Railroads: Linking the Nation, cont.
Railroads Spur Growth
Increase the size of markets for products
Improve reliability of the trains
American Railway Association divided the country into four time zones
Helped united people
The Land Grant System
Increase railroad construction
Government gave land to railroad companies
More than 120 acres of land
Robber Barons
Bribery, swindling and cheating helped railroad tycoons make money
People who loot an industry and give nothing back
James Hill – Great Northern
Not a robber baron
Very successful

7. The Rise of Big Business
The Role of Corporations
Corporation – _________________________________________________________________________________
Forced small businesses to shut down
The Consolidation of Industry
Page 249
Andrew Carnegie ___________________
Vertical Integration
John D. Rockefeller – Standard Oil
______________________
Monopolies

8. Unions Working in the United States Opposition to Unions
Some got rich, but there was an uneven distribution of wealth
____________________________________________
Opposition to Unions
Marxism
__________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Spread throughout Europe causing anti-European immigration feelings

9. Unions, cont. The Struggle to Organize
Owners viewed unions as illegitimate
Industrial unions
_______________________________________________
Owners tried to get workers not to organize
Three major strikes
______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

10. Unions, cont. The American Federation of Labor
First leader was Samuel Gompers
______________________________________
Preferred to negotiate
Closed shops – ___________________________________
Working women
Domestic servants, teachers, nurses, sales clerks, secretaries, light industrial work
_______________________________
Unions excluded women
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. In a nutshell… American industry grew quite large after the civil war,
But, I know that sometimes this information can be quite a bore.
Unions emerged as the workforce began to increase,
However, some people were mad and tried to get them to end or cease.
Railroads helped the country to get to new heights,
They also made people richer and able to use all their might.
The increase in industry made it difficult to control,
So, the government had to regulate the industry as a whole.
As you can see, this time was when the country had lots of transition,
But, our government was able to recover and readjust its mission.

12. Now it’s on you to review
Answer questions 3-7 on page 251