1. HOW YOU GET THERE: You are born of Royal Blood
Prince Harry dressed as a Nazi for a costume party proves being a royal doesn’t take talent.

2. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: HEAD OF STATE: The embodiment of the Canadian state.

3. A WWII inspection
ROLES AND RESPONSABILITIES: COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF Head of the army, navy and air force.

4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: ABORIGINALS: Powers of Aboriginal governments are given directly by the monarch.

5. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: GOVERNMENT POWERS: ENSURE THAT there is always a democratically-elected government in place.

6. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: GOVERNMENT POWERS: 1) Appoint a Prime Minister
The Queen and Prime Minister Jean Chretien (1990s)

7. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: GOVERNMENT POWERS: 2) Meet with the Privy Council
The first meeting of the Privy Council before the reigning sovereign; in the State Dining Room of Rideau Hall, Queen Elizabeth II is seated at centre, with Prince Phillip to her left, and PM Jean Diefenbaker at her right; 14 October 1957

8. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: GOVERNMENT POWERS: 3) Must give ROYAL ASSENT to all new laws.
In 1939, King George VI gives Royal Assent to a bill in Senate Chambers.

9. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: GOVERNMENT POWERS: 4) Reads the Throne Speech every new parliamentary session in the Senate.
Queen Elizabeth II reading a throne speech. Her husband, Prince Phillip, is to her right.

10. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: GOVERNMENT POWERS: 5) Has the power to dissolve government following a vote of non-confidence. Calls elections when asked.
Joe Clark is Canada’s shortest-serving elected PM. He was also the youngest man to ever become PM, at only 40 years of age.

11. ROLES AND RESPONSABILITIES: CULTURAL DUTIES: 1) Represent Canada 2) Hand out awards
The Order of Canada (right), and War Medals are just some of the awards the Queen hands out.

12. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: NOT ABLE TO: By convention, the monarch REIGNS but does not RULE.
ie. He/She follows the advice of the elected government.

13. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: NOT ABLE TO: The monarch is not allowed to enter the Lower House (HoC).
Upon opening of a new session, the door is barred to the monarch and the Upper House. The Black Rod must knock three times to tell the Lower House to visit the Senate chambers.

14. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: NOT ABLE TO: Write Bills or Laws (legislation)

15. HOW YOU GET THERE: You are chosen by the Prime Minister.
PM Paul Martin (centre) with his party’s choice for G-G, Adrienne Clark (early 2000s)

16. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: Do the duty of the Queen when she is not present.
Michaelle Jean reads a Speech from the Throne.

17. Elected Party Leader by members of your party.
HOW YOU GET THERE:
Elected Party Leader by members of your party.
You run as an MP, just like everyone else.
Your party wins the most seats in an election.
Appointed by the G-G.
Stephen Harper (PM) talks to Michaelle Jean (G-G).

18. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
Most powerful person in the country.
Chair of the Cabinet, the executive branch of government that decides what policies the gov’t will enact.
Pierre Trudeau, PM in the 1970s and 80s, is responsible for the power of the PMO.

19. RIGHTS AND RESPONSABILITIES:
2) Appoints: a) Gov-Gen. b) Cabinet c) Justices of the Supreme Court d) Senators e) Heads of Crown Corporations f) Ambassadors to foreign countries g) Prov. Lt-Gov.’s h) 3,100 other positions.

20. RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES: Most powerful person in the country.
3) Calls elections Usually tries to call elections when it suits him/her best.
Canada’s only female PM called an election when it wasn’t the best time and sent her party from the highest number of seats to just 2!

21. Must survive votes of Non-Confidence.
LIMITS ON POWER:
Must survive votes of Non-Confidence.
Paul Martin is the only PM to be defeated on a vote of non-confidence unrelated to any bill he was trying to pass.
After a government scandal, Jack Layton decided the NDP would no longer support Martin’s minority government, and put forth a vote to defeat the government. Martin resigned after it passed.

22. LIMITS ON POWER:
If high-profile members of cabinet resign you might have to call an election.
Caucus revolts (your party turning against you) might force you to resign.
After 10 years as Prime Minister, Jean Chretien’s best Cabinet Minister, Paul Martin, organized a caucus revolt against him that tossed him from power at a leadership convention.

23. HOW YOU GET THERE:
Elected by all the parties in the house which he/she is serving.
MPs don’t always want to be the Speaker because you don’t get to vote unless it’s a tie.

24. RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
ORGANIZING CONVERSATION 1) Organize the agenda
 2) Organize the debate
3) Make sure people are respectful.

25. RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
GET ADDRESSED In Question Period, the 45-minute time period where politicians ask the government questions, politicians must always talk to the Speaker while addressing Cabinet.

26. HOW TO GET THERE:
Elected by his/her party.
Elected as an MP by the Canadian public in his riding in a general election.
Leader of the Opposition may not always have a seat in the House.

27. RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
QUESTION GOVERNMENT!
APPOINT SHADOW CABINET 
PROVIDE AN ALTERNATIVE TO VOTERS
Michael Ignatieff (Liberal Party) is the Leader of the Official Opposition in Ottawa.

28. RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
QUESTION GOVERNMENT!
APPOINT SHADOW CABINET 
PROVIDE AN ALTERNATIVE TO VOTERS
Michael Ignatieff (Liberal Party) was the Leader of the Official Opposition in Ottawa in the late 2000s.

29. HOW TO GET THERE:
Elected as an MP (or MLA, in the provinces).
Chosen for Cabinet by the PM (or Premier, in the provinces).

30. RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
Part of Cabinet. Responsible for a Portfolio, or department.
Eg. Defence, Agriculture, Status of Women, Foreign Affairs, Finance.
There are currently 27 ministers.
They get the title “Honourable”

31. LIMITS ON POWER:
If you screw up, you have to resign.
Must practice CABINET SOLIDARITY.

32. HOUSE LEADER:
House Leaders are chosen by each party. They are experts in parliamentary procedure and monitor the day-to-day business of the House.

33. DEPUTY MINISTERS:
These people are experts in the fields covered by the ministers.
They are hired by each minister to help them run their Portfolio.
They are NOT ELECTED.

34. DEPUTY MINISTERS:
These people are experts in the fields covered by the ministers.
They are hired by each minister to help them run their Portfolio.
They are NOT ELECTED.

35. PARTY WHIP:
Ensures discipline within his caucus.
They also schedule speakers of the party for various bills, motions and other proceedings.

36. REGULAR MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT:
(Backbencher)
RESPONSIBILITIES:
Ensure representation for their constituents (riding-dwellers)!
Create “Private Members Bills”

37. THE SENATE INCLUDES MANY OF THESE POSITIONS (although the salaries + names are slightly are different).
The Senate looks almost exactly like the House of Commons except the carpet is red instead of green.

38. RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITES OF A SENATOR: Sober Second Thought
Write Reports
Draft New Bills
Patrick Brazeau was a former aboriginal rights activist who was appointed to the Senate in He was expelled from the senate after being arrested for sexual assault. Afterwards, he managed a strip club.

39. LIMITS ON SENATORS
Rarely disagree with government
Not allowed to draft bills relating to money
Regional imbalance