1. Date of download: 10/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Combined in Vivo/in Vitro Method to Study Anteriomedial Bundle Strain in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using a Dynamic Knee Simulator
J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(3): doi: /
Figure Legend:
A flow chart representing the inputs and outputs of in vivo, modeling, and in vitro parts of the experimental procedure

2. Date of download: 10/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Combined in Vivo/in Vitro Method to Study Anteriomedial Bundle Strain in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using a Dynamic Knee Simulator
J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(3): doi: /
Figure Legend:
The dynamic knee simulator system. The cadaver knee (K) is connected to the turnbuckles that are connected to surrogate hip (HI) and ankle (A) joints. The hip joint moves in the vertical direction (dark double head arrow) and the ankle moves in the horizontal direction (white double head arrow). The ankle joint also is unconstrained in the mediolateral direction (white double headed dotted arrow). Three muscle force actuators (Q, H, and G) are connected to the knee, and they apply dynamic quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscle forces (dark single head arrows). The hip moment actuator (HM) connected to the turnbuckle below the hip applies flexor-extensor moment. The load cells connected to the actuator rod ends are not seen in this view.

3. Date of download: 10/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Combined in Vivo/in Vitro Method to Study Anteriomedial Bundle Strain in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using a Dynamic Knee Simulator
J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(3): doi: /
Figure Legend:
A close-up view of the surrogate hip joint (a), muscle cable attachments on the cadaver knee (b), and the surrogate ankle joint (c) in the simulator

4. Date of download: 10/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Combined in Vivo/in Vitro Method to Study Anteriomedial Bundle Strain in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using a Dynamic Knee Simulator
J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(3): doi: /
Figure Legend:
The lower extremity model from AnyBody Modeling System

5. Date of download: 10/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Combined in Vivo/in Vitro Method to Study Anteriomedial Bundle Strain in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using a Dynamic Knee Simulator
J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(3): doi: /
Figure Legend:
The applied muscle force profiles (solid line) of quadriceps (a) and hamstring (b) muscle groups and the applied hip extensor moment (c). The input to the actuators is shown as dotted gray lines. The resulting ACL strain (dotted line) and the corresponding GRF (solid line) is also shown (d). In the x axis, −100 ms represents 100 ms before landing and 0 represents landing. The gray vertical line across the graphs shows the instance of ground contact. The data is smoothed to remove electrical and mechanical noise.

6. Date of download: 10/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Combined in Vivo/in Vitro Method to Study Anteriomedial Bundle Strain in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using a Dynamic Knee Simulator
J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(3): doi: /
Figure Legend:
The intended (dotted line) and actual (solid line) hip and ankle motion profiles and the corresponding knee flexion angle (solid) compared to in vivo data (dotted line). In the x axis, −100 ms represents 100 ms before landing and 0 represents ground contact. The gray vertical line across the graph shows the instance of ground contact.

7. Date of download: 10/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Combined in Vivo/in Vitro Method to Study Anteriomedial Bundle Strain in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using a Dynamic Knee Simulator
J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(3): doi: /
Figure Legend:
The comparison between the net knee extensor moments in the knee derived from inverse dynamics (gray dotted line) and the grouped muscle moments calculated by the AnyBody model (dark solid line). The gray vertical line across the graph shows the instance of ground contact. The GRF (solid gray curve) is also given for comparison purposes.