1. Driver’s Education
Section IV
Day 3

2. Objectives DMVM – pages 22-29 (Copy these)
Vehicle Operating Space
Reference Points
Communication with other drivers
Vehicle Control Devices
Good Driving Habits
Distracted Driving

3. Day 3 Bell Ringer #3 3 paragraphs (5 sentences in each)
Explain what may have happened in this picture. Give your report of the scene.

4. Determining Vehicle Operating Space
Topic 5 Lesson 1
Determining Vehicle Operating Space
(Do not copy)
Markers represent edge of sightlines
Outline of pavement area around the car the driver cannot see from the driver’s seat
Forward
Rectangles are the tire patches and asterisks represent the vehicle’s forward and rear turning axis * *
Rear
T – 2.33

5. Reference Points (Do not copy)
Knowing how to read where your vehicle is when stopping or parking

6. Standard Referencing Points
Topic 5 Lesson 2
Standard Referencing Points
(Do not copy)
LEFT Reference Points
RIGHT Reference Points
Referencing Points:
Provide visual cues to establish vehicle position.
Relate part of the vehicle to some part of the roadway.
Allow the driver to determine proper placement within a lane.
Allow for reduced-risk lane positions.
6 inches from line or median
6 inches from line or curb
3 feet from line or median
3 feet from line or curb
T – 2.36

7. Topic 5 Lesson 2
Front Limitation
(Do Not Copy)
You will need to know where the front end of your vehicle is when you are:
Front Limitation
AT INTERSECTIONS
IN A STOPPING POSITION
PARKING
STOP LINE
T – 2.37

8. Front Limitation Reference Points
(Copy this slide)
Topic 5 Lesson 2
To stop 3-6 inches from the line in front of your bumper, stop when your line of sight runs under the side view mirror reference point to the line in front of your vehicle.
Maintain a normal driving position when targeting your reference point and do not lean forward or sideways.
Reference point
Line of sight
Reference Point
T – 2.39

9. You need to know where the rear of your vehicle is when you are:
Topic 5 Lesson 2
Rear Limitation
(Do Not Copy)
You need to know where the rear of your vehicle is when you are:
BACKING
PARKING
T – 2.40

10. Topic 5 Lesson 2
Rear Limitation
(Copy this slide)
To align the rear bumper three to six inches from a line or curb, you need to stop when the line or curb appears near the middle of the rear right window when looking over the right shoulder.
Reference point
Reference point
T – 2.42

11. Right Side Limitation
(Do not copy)
Topic 5 Lesson 2
Reference point
Establishing reference points for right side limitation will allow you to:
Line of sight
Reference point
know where the curb or line is on the right side of the street
park parallel 3-6 inches away from a line or curb
establish lane position 3
3-6 inches
T – 2.43

12. Topic 5 Lesson 2
Right Side Limitation
(copy this slide)
The right side limitation reference point to position your vehicle 3-6 inches from the curb or line is the middle of your vehicle’s hood.
Reference point
Line of Sight
3-6 inches
The reference point for 3 feet from the curb or line is the right 1/4 section of the hood.
Reference point
Line of Sight
3 feet
T – 2.44

13. Topic 5 Lesson 2
Left Side Limitation
(Do Not Copy)
Establishing reference points for left side limitation allows the driver to:
determine position when parking on the left side of a one-way street (3-6 inches from the curb or line)
determine lane position 2
3-6 INCHES
T – 2.45

14. Left Side Limitation
(Copy this slide)
Topic 5 Lesson 2
Your left side limitation reference point is about one foot from the left front corner of your car (it may be the seam between your left fender and the hood of your vehicle) to the curb.
Reference Point
Line of Sight
Reference Point
3-6 INCHES
T – 2.46

15. Communicating with other motorists DMVM – page 28
Lights
VA law requires motorists to use headlights during inclement weather, night, or visibility being reduced to 500 ft.
Must use headlights when wipers are used for bad weather.
BE SEEN IN INCLEMENT WEATHER!

16. Communicating with other motorists DMVM – page 29
Turn Signals
Develop a good habit
3 or 4 seconds ahead of time
Speed limit more than 35 MPH, signal at least 100 feet before turning point
Speed limit less than 35 MPH, signal at least 50 feet in advance.

17. Hand Signals DMVM – page 29

18. Vehicle Control Devices
See Handout - Day 3

19. Control, Information, Comfort, and Safety Devices
Topic 2 Lesson 2
Control, Information, Comfort, and Safety Devices
(Do Not Copy)
Headlamp Control
Fuse Panel
Instrument Panel
Vents
Multi-Function Lever
Headlight High/Low Beam Switch
Windshield Wiper/Washer Control
Turn Signal Switch
Speed/Cruise Control
*Location and description for all instruments and features can be found in Vehicle’s Owner’s Manual
T – 2.13

20. Control, Information, Comfort, and Safety Devices
(Do Not Copy)
Topic 2 Lesson 2
Center Instrument Cluster
Speedometer (mph-km/h)
Odometer
Trip Odometer
Gear Indicator
Location and description for all instruments and features can be found in Vehicle’s Owner’s Manual
T – 2.14

21. Control, Information, Comfort, and Safety Devices
(Do Not Copy)
Topic 2 Lesson 2
Instrument Panel
Safety Belt Reminder
Antilock Brakes (ABS)
Brake Warning Light
Air Bag Warning Light
Battery/Alternator Warning light
Fuel indicator
Left/Right Turn Indicator Light
Engine Temperature
High Beam Indicator
Speed Control Settings
Location and description for all instruments and features can be found in Vehicle’s Owner’s Manual
T – 2.15

22. Control, Information, Comfort, and Safety Devices
(Do Not Copy)
Topic 2 Lesson 2
Instrument Panel Con’t
Oil Pressure Gauge
Door Ajar Warning Light
Anti-Theft Light
Speed Control Light
O/D On/Off
Driver Air Bag (SRS)
Lighter
Horn
Location and description for all instruments and features can be found in Vehicle’s Owner’s Manual
T – 2.16

23. Control, Information, Comfort, and Safety Devices
Topic 2 Lesson 1
Control, Information, Comfort, and Safety Devices
(Do Not Copy)
Electronic Sound System
Selector Lever
Auxiliary Power Outlets
Climate Control Systems
Passenger Air Bag Cut Off Switch
NOTE: Location and description for all instruments and features can be found in Vehicle’s Owner’s Manual
T – 2.17

24. Operating Vehicle Control Devices
Topic 3 Lesson 1
Operating Vehicle Control Devices
(Copy this Slide)
Safety Considerations to Minimize Risks
- Maintain steering control while adjusting information, comfort, or control devices
Always turn steering wheel in direction of desired movement when
- Moving forward or
- Moving backward
When adjusting steering wheel height and/or angle consider
- Airbag deployment
- Hand position
- Wheel movement
Crossing arms over airbag creates an injury risk!
T – 2.18

25. Operating Vehicle Control Devices (Copy this Slide)
Topic 2 Lesson 1
Operating Vehicle Control Devices (Copy this Slide)
Accelerator Pedal
Used to stabilize, increase, and decrease speed.
The driver can:
cover the accelerator;
use progressive acceleration;
use thrust acceleration; or
lift off the accelerator.
Brake Pedal
Used to stabilize, decrease, and increase speed.
The driver can:
cover the brake;
trail brake;
control squeeze brake;
threshold brake;
lock the brakes;
apply ABS;
jab (stab) brake; or
lift off the brake.
Acceler
T-2.19

26. Operating Vehicle Control Devices
Topic 3 Lesson 1
Operating Vehicle Control Devices
(Do Not Copy)
Gear Selector Lever
Transmission Type and Location
Overdrive and Drive gear use
Parking Brake
Owner’s Manual suggests engaging parking brake before placing in Park.
Cruise / Speed Control – Why and How
To maintain a constant speed.
Never use in stop-and-go traffic or on slick surfaces.
Ignition Switch - Location and Functions
T – 2.20

27. Safety, Communication, Comfort, & Convenience Devices
(Do Not Copy)
Topic 3 Lesson 2
Mirrors
Safety Belts
Head Restraints
Horn
Turn Signals
Door Locks
Hazard Flashers
Windshield Wipers and Washers
Headlights / Daytime Running Lights
Hood Release
Trunk Release
Heat / Defroster / Air Conditioner Controls
Seat Adjustment
T – 2.20a

28. Safety, Communication, Comfort, & Convenience Devices
(Do Not Copy)
Topic 3 Lesson 2
Mirrors
Adjust Inside and Out
Safety Belts
Adjust for Maximum Effectiveness
Head Restraints
Protect Against Whiplash
Horn
Know Location and Use
Turn Signals
Know Location and Use
Door Locks
Manual / Power
Child Proof Rear Door Locks
Hazard Flashers
Know Location and Use
T – 2.21

29. Safety, Communication, Comfort, & Convenience Devices
(Do Not Copy)
Topic 3 Lesson 2
Windshield Wipers and Washers
Location and Use
Headlights / Running Lights
Location and Use
Hood Release
Location
Trunk Release
Location
Heat / Defroster / Air Conditioner Controls
Location and Use
Seat Adjustment
Power / Manual Controls
T – 2.22

30. The Top Ten Errors 1. 23.9% 2. 13.7% 3. 6.6% 4. 6.3% 5. 6.1%
(Do Not Copy)
Topic 4 Lesson 1
that resulted in crashes involving teen drivers are: 1.
23.9%
not attending to the path of travel
(distractions – cell phone, sound system, passengers, etc.) 2.
13.7%
driving five or more mph too fast for conditions 3.
6.6%
driving too fast through a curve 4.
6.3%
inadequate search at an intersection and moving in front of cross traffic 5.
6.1%
lack of attention at an intersection and being struck by another driver
T – 3.31

31. failed to maintain visual lead 8.
The Top Ten Errors
(Do Not Copy)
Topic 4 Lesson 1
that resulted in crashes involving teen drivers are: 6.
6.5%
improper evasive action—quick turn not executed properly or braking instead of steering 7.
3.9%
failed to maintain visual lead 8.
failed to see action developing at side of the roadway 9.
following too closely
10.
3.3%
willfully taking right-of-way
T – 3.32

32. Developing Good Driving Habits (Copy this slide)
Topic 4 Lesson 2
Developing Good Driving Habits (Copy this slide)
Preparing Driver and Vehicle
Smooth, Gradual Starts and Stops
Using Reference Points for Vehicle Placement
Getting Visual Targets before Movement
- Using a Vision Control, Motion Control, Targeting, and Steering Control Sequence
Visually Targeting the End of the Path of Travel as far as 15, 20, or 30 seconds from the Vehicle C+ A+
Based on concepts from Mottola, F. R. (1999). Empower Yourself. p. 5
T – 3.33

33. Developing Good Driving Habits (Copy this Slide)
Topic 4 Lesson 2
Developing Good Driving Habits (Copy this Slide)
Be Alert to Changes to the Line of Sight (LOS) or the Path of Travel (POT)
Adjust Speed and Lane Position to Increase Space to Front, Side, or Rear for Restricted LOS-POT
When Approaching a Red Light, Adjust Speed to Time Your Arrival for a Green Light C+ A+
Based on concepts from Mottola, F. R. (1999). Empower Yourself. p. 5
T – 3.34

34. Developing Good Driving Habits (Do not Copy)
Topic 4 Lesson 2
Developing Good Driving Habits (Do not Copy)
Prior to Intersection Entry, Check the Left, Front, and Right Zones or Areas
- Check the area that can be viewed best first so that more time can be focused on the obstructed area
Whenever Your Foot Goes to Brake or Accelerator, Check the Rear View Mirror
Prior to Moving to the Left or Right, Check Side View Mirror and Mirror Blind Zone C+ A+
Based on concepts from Mottola, F. R. (1999). Empower Yourself. p. 5
T – 3.35

35. Developing Good Driving Habits (Do Not Copy)
Topic 4 Lesson 2
Developing Good Driving Habits (Do Not Copy)
Make it a goal to maintain a four-second following interval from the vehicle in front and to the rear.
- This protects you from the unexpected actions of other drivers to the front and rear.
When stopped behind vehicle, leave space to move around the vehicle in case of an emergency.
Reduce stress by being courteous rather than competitive while driving. Competitive drivers are not winners. C+ A+
Based on concepts from Mottola, F. R. (1999). Empower Yourself. p. 5
T – 3.36

36. Dangerous Driving Behaviors DMVM – page 29
Distracted Driving
Increased numbers, especially in young, inexperienced drivers.
Passengers, phones, pets, radio, food, etc.
Crashes, sirens, etc.
Approx. 13% of all traffic crashes in VA, per year, involve distracted drivers.

37. Classwork DMVM - page 30 Distracted driving
Copy into your notebook the 7 precautions. (marked by the arrows)
Answer the question (first paragraph on page 30), Why is distracted driving so deadly?

38. End of Section 3
Test on Day 4!!!