1. Heat
A Form of Energy

2. Molecules and Motion
The motion of molecules produces heat
The more motion, the more heat is generated

3. Heat Transfer
The movement of heat from warmer object to colder one
Heat moves ‘downhill’ from ‘High to Low’

4. Heat Transfer~Thermodynamics
Three forms of heat transfer (movement):
Conduction
Convection
Radiation

5. Conduction transfer of heat through direct contact, has to TOUCH!!
Heat conductors “carry” heat
Insulators “protect” from heat movement
Conduction

6. H
Convection C
Takes place in liquids and gases as molecules move in currents
Hotter rises and cooler sinks
Currents cause winds which move heat energy around Earth’s atmosphere

7. RADIATION (radiant energy)
Transfers heat through space
Energy from the sun being transferred to the Earth

8. Questions
What are the three types of heat transfer?
How is conduction different from radiation?

9. What type of heat transfer is involved?
Heating a room with a fireplace
Egg cooking in a frying pan
Roof of a house becoming hot

10. What type of heat transfer?
Warm air mass bringing a change in the weather
Wire getting hot from an electric appliance

11. Temperature and Heat
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion
Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of an object

12. Question
How is kinetic energy related to heat production?

13. Thermometer A instrument used to measure temperature
Thermometers commonly have alcohol (with dye) or mercury
Digital thermometers have replaced older ones

14. Celsius Scale
Celsius is the metric scale for measuring temperature
Water freezes at 0ºC and boils at 100ºC

15. Kelvin scale
The Kelvin scale is a metric temperature scale measured in Kelvin units (K)
Formula (273+ºC)= Kelvin

16. Questions
What is the formula for converting a Celsius temperature to a Kelvin temperature?
What is the boiling point of water on the Kelvin scale?
What is the freezing point of water on the Kelvin scale?

17. Absolute zero
The temperature in which all molecular motion stops (0ºK)
The 5th phase of matter occurs at 0ºK—Einstein-Bose state

18. Questions
Describe absolute zero.
What is absolute zero on the Celsius scale?

19. Measuring Heat Increase in temperature Addition of heat
Decrease in temperature
Removal of heat

20. Temperature Joule is another unit for measuring heat
Mass and type of substance determine the amount of temperature change

21. Questions
How can heat be measured?
What is the unit used to measure heat?

22. Heat & Phase Changes SolidLiquid, LiquidSolid LiquidGas, GasLiquid
A phase change is a physical change that requires a change in heat energy
Addition or removal of HEAT
SolidLiquid, LiquidSolid
LiquidGas, GasLiquid
SolidGas, GasSolid

23. Questions
What are:
freezing point,
melting point, and
boiling point?

24. Heat expansion The increase in volume of a substance due to heat
Most solids, liquids, and gases expand as they are heated
Between 4ºC and 0ºC, water EXPANDS as it cools and turns into a solid, which “traps” air in the ice—so ice floats

25. Video Links Review Study Jams Video

26. Video Links Review
BBC Video

27. Video Links Summary
Khan Academy